GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Tirzepatide in Men Seeking Fertility: A Structured Narrative Review and Proposed Clinical Framework. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - Sep 27, 2026 - "Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and the dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide are increasingly used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes in men of reproductive age, but practical guidance for counseling men planning fatherhood remains limited...In metabolically impaired men, studies largely involving liraglutide or semaglutide report increases in total testosterone; free-testosterone findings are inconsistent, and the available small short-term studies did not show the marked gonadotropin suppression expected with exogenous testosterone...These therapies should be used for established metabolic indications, not as male infertility treatments. The proposed framework is author-developed, evidence-informed, non-validated, and intended for individualized counseling and prospective evaluation."
Journal • Review • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Infertility • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Sexual Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Aris Kaltsas; Athanasios Zachariou; Fotios Dimitriadis; Michael Chrisofos; Nikolaos Sofikitis; Timoleon Giannakas; Vasileios Gkioxaris
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