Therapies for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Present and Future Developments. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - Nov 28, 2024 - "If symptoms persist despite this adjustment, the next step involves the use of omalizumab, a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, which has shown efficacy in the majority of cases. However, a subset of patients remains refractory, necessitating alternative treatments such as immunosuppressive agents like cyclosporine or azathioprine...Among them, significant attention is being given to drugs that block Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), such as remibrutinib, which reduces mast cell activation. Therapies like dupilumab, which target the interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 pathways, are also under investigation. Additionally, molecules targeting the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), and those inhibiting the tyrosine kinase receptor Kit, such as barzolvolimab, show promise in clinical studies...Further research is essential to better elucidate the pathophysiology of CSU and optimize treatment protocols to achieve long-term benefits in managing this..."
Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria • Dermatology • Immunology • Urticaria • BTK • IL13 • IL4
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Massimo Cugno; Paolo Calzari; Riccardo Asero; Silvia Vaienti
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