Navigating the landscape of targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma in the era of precision medicine (Review). (PubMed, Mol Med Rep) - Oct 17, 2026 - "The present review summarizes pivotal phase III clinical trials evaluating VEGF‑targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination regimens, including nivolumab plus ipilimumab, pembrolizumab + axitinib and lenvatinib + pembrolizumab. Resistance to therapy emerges through adaptive angiogenic signaling, immune escape and metabolic reprogramming, underscoring the need for integrated multi‑omics approaches and rational combination strategies. By integrating molecular biology with clinical trial evidence, the present review provides a structured framework for understanding therapeutic decision‑making in RCC and highlights future directions toward biomarker‑guided precision oncology."
Biomarker • IO biomarker • Journal • Review • Genito-urinary Cancer • Oncology • Renal Cell Carcinoma • Solid Tumor • Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome • BAP1 • PBRM1 • PD-L1 • SETD2 • SMARCA4
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Aimin Tian; Gang Zhang; Hongguo Cui; Hui Sun; Jingheng Song; Jizhong Che; Peisen Yang; Yangyang Liu; Yankai Xu; Yuanyuan Liu; Zhengchao Zhang
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