Microbiome-Immune Interactions as Determinants of Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - Sep 16, 2026 - "Emerging clinical evidence in HCC has identified distinct gut microbial signatures associated with response to nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab-based regimens, including enrichment of Akkermansia muciniphila and SCFA-producing taxa such as Ruminococcaceae, Roseburia, and Prevotella in responders. This review summarizes the current understanding of microbiome-immune interactions in HCC, examines mechanistic pathways linking the microbiota to immunotherapy response, critically evaluates available clinical evidence, and discusses current limitations and future therapeutic strategies, including fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, dietary modulation, and engineered bacterial platforms. Collectively, microbiome-based approaches may contribute to the development of personalized immunotherapeutic strategies in HCC, although larger standardized prospective studies are required before microbiome-derived biomarkers can be implemented in routine clinical..."
Checkpoint inhibition • IO biomarker • Journal • Review • Fibrosis • Hepatocellular Cancer • Immunology • Liver Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Transplantation
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Ana Clement; Cezara Ioana Litcanu; Constantin Volovat; Cristian Constantin Volovat; Diana-Ioana Panaite; Iolanda Georgiana Augustin; Madalina Raluca Ostafe; Simona Ruxandra Volovat; Smaranda Iuliana Tabarcea
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