Advanced Therapies for the Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis. (PubMed, Cancers (Basel)) - Oct 17, 2026 - "Biologic agents, particularly infliximab and vedolizumab, have demonstrated high efficacy in this setting, with infliximab associated with more rapid symptom control and vedolizumab offering a favorable steroid-sparing profile. In patients with multi-refractory disease, additional agents such as ustekinumab, tofacitinib, and tocilizumab have shown promise, although current evidence is limited and primarily derived from small studies and case series...Despite increasing use of advanced therapies, clinical decision-making remains largely guided by retrospective data, and key uncertainties persist regarding optimal treatment sequencing, patient selection, and long-term safety. Future research should prioritize prospective randomized trials incorporating both oncologic and gastrointestinal endpoints, as well as mechanistic studies aimed at identifying predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets that preserve anti-tumor immunity."
Checkpoint inhibition • IO biomarker • Journal • Review • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Oncology
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Alessandra Zilli; Cosimo Simone Matichecchia; Fabrizio Fanizzi; Ferdinando D'Amico; Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet; Luca Albarello; Mariangela Allocca; Roberto Ferrara; Sara Oresti; Silvio Danese
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