Arecoline stimulates the IL-33/13 axis and upregulates pro-fibrotic CTGF: A possible role in oral submucous fibrosis.

arecoline - Cogent Pharma

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41135691

Ashley Keyes; Babak Sarrafpour; Belal Chami; Hans Zoellner; Pan Kit Chan; Selene Papanastasiou; Stephen Co; Yogambha Ramaswamy

Oct 27, 2025