Concurrent Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, and Myocarditis Leading to Multi-organ Failure in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. (PubMed, Cureus) - Sep 26, 2026 - "Her course was complicated by renal cortical necrosis, recurrent lupus myocarditis, refractory immune thrombocytopenia, sepsis, and HLH, requiring multiple immunosuppressive modalities including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and anakinra. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic complexity of overlapping autoimmune syndromes, the risks of surgical triggers in predisposed patients, and the challenges of balancing immunosuppression against infection in the setting of CAPS. It underscores the need for dynamic multidisciplinary collaboration, early recognition of HLH and lupus myocarditis overlap, and timely integration of palliative care when maximal therapy fails."
Journal • Cardiovascular • Complement-mediated Rare Disorders • Critical care • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Nephrology • Palliative care • Rare Diseases • Rheumatology • Septic Shock • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytopenic Purpura
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Antoni Chan; Maymuna Suleman; Shiva Chauhan
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