aztreonam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Incidence of PJI in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Following Expanded Gram-Negative Antibiotic Prophylactic Protocol. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "Before June 2021, all patients received 2 g of cefazolin for 24 h as part of the prophylactic antibiotic protocol. After June 2021, gentamicin or aztreonam (EGNAP) was added to the protocol for all TKA patients...This may be attributed to the generally low rate of Gram-negative infections in TKA patients, where adding EGNAP does not provide a clear advantage in reducing the risk of such infections, unlike its potential benefits in primary THA population. This study investigates the effects of using prophylactic Gram-negative antibiotics prior to TKA and shows that though it is safe to use, Gram-negative bacterial coverage may have no impact on postoperative infection incidence."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Orthopedics • Pain

Microbiological Profiles, Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns and the Role of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Patients Diagnosed with Periprosthetic Joint Infection over 8 Years: Results from a Single-Center Observational Cohort Study from Romania. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "All Gram-positive isolates remained susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and tigecycline...All Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., and Citrobacter freundii strains were fully susceptible to tested agents, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, aztreonam, and imipenem...Our observations do not suggest that MDR PJIs are more commonly acute cases, contrary to what has been highlighted in previous reports. The ongoing prevalence of MDR strains underscores the importance of targeted antimicrobial treatments based on local susceptibility profiles."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

Clinical outcomes of phenotype-guided treatment in group D carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bacteremia. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "Three 3GC-susceptible cases (two OXA-48 and one OXA-23) were successfully treated with ceftriaxone. Among the 3GC-resistant cases, two were treated with ceftazidime-avibactam, and two with high-dose meropenem alone or in combination with aztreonam...Mortality was low (1/9). Many OXA-48-CPE and OXA-23-CPE infections retain 3GC susceptibility, raising the possibility that these agents may be viable alternatives to ceftazidime-avibactam in select cases."

Clinical data • Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Detection of rare β-lactamase bla SCO-1 from a Klebsiella pneumoniae high-risk clone in Peru. (PubMed, JAC Antimicrob Resist) - "Susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, amoxicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftazidime/avibactam, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, amikacin and tigecycline was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method...Illumina WGS showed the presence of bla SCO-1 and bla OXA-1, bla SHV-28, bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-15, as well as genes associated with resistance to quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides, trimethoprim and phenicols...Phylogenetic relationships were established by comparisons with 19 K. pneumoniae genomes carrying bla SCO-1 from other countries in the Americas, revealing at least three different clades. This study highlights the importance of genomic surveillance of uncommon antimicrobial resistance genes such as bla SCO-1, which might contribute to further antimicrobial resistance levels in this country."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, Metallo-β-Lactamases, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, and Biofilm-Forming Capacity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Recovered From Dogs With Otitis Externa in Italy. (PubMed, Vet Med Int) - "The results showed that P. aeruginosa isolates had a phenotypic resistance value of 100% to ceftazidime, imipenem, and meropenem, followed by piperacillin-tazobactam, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (94%), and aztreonam (88%). No relationship was observed between strong or moderate biofilm producers and numerical variability of ESBL and MBL genes. This study revealed worrying antimicrobial resistance profiles of P. aeruginosa-associated canine otitis externa, considering also the zoonotic potential of this pathogen."

Journal • Otorhinolaryngology

In vitro activity of ceftazidime- avibactam and ceftolozane- tazobactam against clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas æruginosa: results from a trauma center and burn unit in tunisia (PubMed, Ann Burns Fire Disasters) - "CZA proved to be the second most sensitive molecule among all tested antibiotics, following fosfomycin...These antibiotics ranked as the second and third most active beta-lactams after aztreonam...However, CZA remains a salvage therapy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms, and its use should be considered only after documentation and in the absence of other alternatives among β-lactams. For P. aeruginosa, CZA currently represents the most active β-lactam against CAZ-R strains and the second most active molecule overall, including those producing carbapenemases."

Journal • Preclinical • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Pneumonia

A Rare Case of Fatal Necrotizing Fasciitis and Bacteremia From Myroides Odoratimimus (ATS 2025) - "3 days prior to presentation, the patient reported that he slipped while getting out of the shower, hit his head and scraped his arm and leg. He was started on vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam, and fluid resuscitated with ∼35cc/kg of crystalloid...Ultimately the strain isolated in our patient was resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, as well as cephalosporins, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides. We resorted to using a combination of 3 antibiotics - TMP-SMX, meropenem and levofloxacin - however, the amount of antibiotics required for successful treatment is unclear and not noted in literature. Despite finally being on appropriate antibiotics and surgical intervention, the patient succumbed to his illness.-"

Clinical • Amyloidosis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Coronary Artery Disease • Dermatology • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Lymphoma • Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

A Vein of Trouble: Lemierre's Syndrome Presenting With Septic Thrombophlebitis (ATS 2025) - "On arrival, the patient was on norepinephrine, vancomycin, metronidazole, and aztreonam. With timely identification and appropriate antimicrobial therapy, mortality falls dramatically to 2-5%. Although rare, Lemierre's Syndrome should be considered in cases of undifferentiated septic shock."

Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Otorhinolaryngology • Pulmonary Embolism • Septic Shock • Thrombosis

USE OF NEW ANTIBIOTICS IN PEDIATRIC CARE: INSIGHTS FROM THE BREF STUDY ON RELEVANCE AND PRESCRIBING PRACTICES (ESPID 2025) - "In group B, 18 children received the association of ceftazidime/avibactam (n=10 in association with aztreonam), 10 fidaxomicin, 10 dalbavancin, 3 ceftaroline, 3 meropenem/vaborbactam, 3 colymicin, 1 cefiderocol, 1 ceftolozane/tazocillin, 1 imipenem/relebactam, 1 tigecycline. Conclusions/Learning Points These preliminary findings highlight a high rate of probabilistic treatment with daptomycin, while other molecules appear to be used more judiciously. The results suggest that daptomycin has found a role in routine pediatric ATB prescriptions, whereas other "new ATBs" are reserved for the optimal management of complex or resistant infections."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

CEFTAZIDIME-AVIBACTAM PLUS AZTREONAM IN MANAGING MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRICS: A SINGLE-CENTRE CASE SERIES. (ESPID 2025) - "Background Aztreonam-avibactam targets multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens, including those producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBL). Combination of aztreonam-avibactam has recently been licensed to use in adults and may soon be available in children. Larger trials are needed to establish its efficacy and place in paediatric guidelines."

Clinical • Gram negative • Infectious Disease

l-2,3-Diaminopropionate Binding Mode of the SulM Adenylation Domain Limits Engineering Monobactam Analogue Biosynthesis with Larger Substrates. (PubMed, JACS Au) - "The recent FDA approval of Emblaveo to treat serious bacterial infections combines an established synthetic monobactam aztreonam and avibactam, which additionally blocks serine β-lactamases, to create a broadly effective antibacterial therapeutic. Comparisons with the structures of other diamino acid-activating adenylation domains identify alternate binding modes that may be more suitable for the production of sulfazecin analogues. The impact of these structures on the further engineering of the SulA3 domain and its relation to monobactam synthesis in the recently structurally characterized SulTE are discussed."

Journal • Infectious Disease

The price of WAR: AMR. (PubMed, JAC Antimicrob Resist) - "Treatment with ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam was effective. Ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam is highlighted as a promising regimen for MDR infections in conflict zones."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli bacteremia in Argentina (EMBARCAR): findings from a prospective, multicenter cohort study. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - "BSIs due to CR-GNB are associated with high mortality rates in Argentina. Among patients with CR-K. pneumoniae bacteremia the use of ceftazidime-avibactam alone or in combination with aztreonam was associated with a reduction in mortality."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Highly carbapenem-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans harboring blaNDM-1 in Myanmar. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "All five isolates were resistant to amikacin and aztreonam. Among them, one isolate, MyNCGM749, was resistant to imipenem and meropenem with MICs of 256 µg/mL and amikacin with MIC of >512 µg/mL but intermediate to ciprofloxacin with MIC of 2 µg/mL...In this molecular epidemiological study on A. xylosoxidans in Myanmar, we identified the genomic structure surrounding blaNDM-1, flanked by IS91. This structure may facilitate the spread of non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, such as Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas species, in Asian countries."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Infectious Disease

Integral-2: P3 Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Cefepime/Nacubactam and Aztreonam/Nacubactam Versus Best Available Therapy for Adults With Infection Due to Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=150 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. | Trial completion date: Feb 2025 ➔ Sep 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2025 ➔ Sep 2025

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

COMPARISON OF TREATMENT AND OUTCOME OF STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA BLOODSTREAM INFECTION IN ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS AND NON-TRANSPLANT PATIENTS (EHA 2025) - "The combination of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam was the most frequently chosen treatment under mNGS guidance, with a significantly higher usage rate in the allo-HSCT group compared to the non-HSCT group (24.24% vs 7.58%, P=0.029). Among hematological patients with SM-BSI, those who underwent allo-HSCT exhibited better prognoses, potentially related to earlier pathogen identification, more precise antimicrobial treatment, and faster neutrophil recovery."

Clinical • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Transplantation

Pathogenic bacteria features of central line-associated bloodstream infections in ICU patients: focus on the early predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "The main Gram - positive bacteria exhibited high resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and oxacillin, with a resistance rate exceeding 70%, yet were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and tetracycline. The main Gram - negative bacteria had high resistance to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, Aztreonam, and gentamicin, with a resistance rate over 70%, and were more sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem, and amikacin...The early prediction of CLABSI in ICU patients by means of PCT, NLR, and PLR is of remarkable significance. It can provide a precious reference for clinical diagnostic and treatment strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease

On the optimal treatment of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-producing Enterobacterales infections using aztreonam and avibactam. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal • Infectious Disease

Revisiting REVISIT: The Case for Ceftazidime/avibactam Plus Aztreonam. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal

A highly virulent BA-producing Burkholderia gladioli strain linked to a fatal foodborne outbreak in China, 2020. (PubMed, Infect Genet Evol) - "This outbreak highlights the dual threat of hypervirulent BA production and intrinsic multidrug resistance in B. gladioli. The absence of CLSI breakpoints for this pathogen complicates clinical susceptibility interpretations, yet YD01's resistance profile suggests limited therapeutic options in empirical treatment. Enhanced surveillance, species-specific antimicrobial guidelines, and rapid diagnostics targeting both bon and resistance genes are urgently needed to mitigate future risks."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder

Pharmacodynamics of aztreonam/ceftazidime/avibactam and polymyxin B versus New Delhi MBL-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. (PubMed, JAC Antimicrob Resist) - "Monte Carlo simulations of human pharmacokinetics of aztreonam showed that package insert dosing resulted in a average free steady-state concentration above the target aztreonam IC50 values for AR-0033 ≥96% of time when in combination with ceftazidime/avibactam and PMB. This study supports the potential utility of low-dose PMB therapy in combination with β-lactams to combat NDM-producing CRAB."

Journal • PK/PD data

Aztreonam Acts as a Synergist for Ceftazidime/Avibactam Against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) of Various Carbapenemase Phenotypes in Southwestern China. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "All 87 CRE strains showed high resistance to most antibiotics, especially cefazolin, ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem, with a rate of 100.00%. Notably, The combination of CZA and ATM showed synergy in 95.40% (83/87) of the CRE strains overall, with specific rates of 100.00% (4/4) in strains lacking detectable carbapenemase genes, 94.29% (33/35) in those with blaNDM, and 100.00% (3/3) in those with blaNDM plus blaKPC-2 or blaKPC-2 plus blaIMP-4. In conclusion, ATM significantly enhances CZA's activity against CRE strains in Guangxi, achieving a high synergy rate across diverse isolates, regardless of the carbapenemase genes present."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Detection of ESBL-producing Klebsiella oxytoca complex with VITEK 2 system and screening cutoffs for implementing confirmatory tests. (PubMed, J Clin Microbiol) - "We also analyzed KoC-specific screening cutoffs for ceftriaxone (CRO), cefpodoxime (CPD), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefotaxime (CTX), and aztreonam (ATM) to negate unnecessary ESBL-CTs. In contrast, VITEK 2 alone followed by the ESBL screen and phenotypic confirmatory tests provides accurate differentiation. Since this latter approach increases the diagnostic workload, we also proposed new screening cutoffs for key cephalosporins that may reduce the current high number of unnecessary confirmatory tests."

Journal

In vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of the Combination of Avibactam and β-Lactams Against Highly Virulent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "The combination of carbapenems, cephalosporins, and aztreonam with avibactam significantly lowered MIC values compared to single drugs (P<0.01)...CRKP harbouring virulence genes poses significant risks. Combining carbapenems, cephalosporins, and avibactam enhances antibacterial activity against CRKP."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli in Laying Hens: Slaughterhouse Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "The presence of these genes was strongly associated with resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefepime, cefpodoxime, cefuroxime, and cephalothin, highlighting the critical role of blaCTX-M in driving the multidrug resistance patterns observed in this study. The highest resistance rate (80%) was observed in "personnel" and "carcass samples after evisceration", while all isolates remained sensitive to carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem). Our findings highlight the importance of the laying hen slaughter line as a potential source of contamination with ESBL-producing E. coli, which poses significant implications for food safety and public health. These findings underscore the need for improved control measures to mitigate ESBL E. coli transmission in poultry processing and highlight the importance of optimizing antibiotic use strategies in laying hen farming."

Journal