acetazolamide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Acute mountain sickness prediction: a concerto of multidimensional phenotypic data and machine learning strategies in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. (PubMed, EPMA J) - "Due to the multi-factorial predisposition of AMS among individuals, identifying AMS biomarkers before high altitude exposure from multiple dimensions (e.g., clinical, metabolic, and proteomic markers) and integrating them to build an AMS predictive model enables early diagnosis and personalized interventions, which allows targeted allocation of medical resources, such as prophylactic medications (e.g., acetazolamide) and supplemental oxygen, to those who need them most and prevention of unnecessary complications...Preventive measures should prioritize pre-acclimatization protocols, tailored nutritional strategies and interventions guided by biomarker profiles, and lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining mitochondrial health through proper nutritional strategies. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-025-00404-9."

Journal • ACSL4 • F13A1 • F13B • MMRN • MMRN2

Bilateral Choroidal Detachment Following Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Edema Treatment with Oral Acetazolamide. (PubMed, Life (Basel)) - "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) such as acetazolamide, although commonly used to manage intraocular pressure, can cause choroidal effusion-a rare but potentially sight-threatening complication. Ophthalmologists should exercise caution, particularly in elderly patients, and be alert to early signs of this adverse effect. Early diagnosis and prompt management are essential to prevent permanent visual damage. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of bilateral choroidal detachment associated with acetazolamide in the context of PCME."

Journal • Cataract • Macular Edema • Ophthalmology • Pain

Acute effect of acetazolamide on exercise haemodynamics in patients with pulmonary arterial and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. (PubMed, ERJ Open Res) - "Treatment with acetazolamide compared with saline placebo showed the following average marginal effects during exercise: unchanged end-exercise power (mean difference -0.8 W, 95% CI -5.7-4.1 W; p=0.740), reduced mPAP (mean difference -1.7 mmHg, 95% CI -2.9- -0.5 mmHg; p=0.007), tendency to reduced CO (mean difference -0.3 L·min-1, 95% CI -0.7-0.1 L·min-1; p=0.097), unchanged PVR (mean difference -0.1 Wood units (WU), 95% CI -0.3-0.2 WU; p=0.694), unchanged PAWP (mean difference 0.0 mmHg, 95% CI -0.2-0.3 mmHg; p=0.783) and unchanged mPAP/CO slope (mean difference 0.1 WU, 95% CI -1.0-1.3 WU; p=0.839). Intravenous acetazolamide was well tolerated and resulted in a significant but small decrease in mPAP, while CO, PVR and the pressure-flow slope during exercise were unchanged."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Pulmonary Embolism • Respiratory Diseases

Acetazolamide-Loaded Nanoparticle Based on Modified Hyaluronic Acid as Delivery System to Target Carbonic Anhydrases in Escherichia coli. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Additionally, encapsulated AZA disrupted glucose consumption in E. coli, indicating its profound impact on bacterial metabolism. These findings suggest that the HA-palmitate nanoparticle not only enhances the delivery and efficacy of AZA but also offers a strategy to affect bacterial metabolism."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Prevalence of Elevated Opening Pressure Measurements in Alexander Disease. (PubMed, Pediatr Neurol) - "Elevated OP with legs flexed and MRI features of increased ICP occur frequently in AxD, even in the absence of overt clinical signs. The implications of increased ICP on patient outcomes and whether asymptomatic elevated OP requires treatment need to be determined in AxD."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Pain • Rare Diseases • GFAP

Not Everything Is Behavioral: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Treatments for Severe Apneic Spells in ASD (APA 2025) - "The literature review presented here resulted in prescribing topiramate and brivaracetam. Literature search resulted in 55 publications with 9 (5 case reports, 4 reviews; total n = 36) eligible for inclusion. Treatments identified included acetazolamide, topiramate, carbamazepine, and sarizotan. Topiramate and acetazolamide were most commonly successful."

Case report • Clinical • Review • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry

The Use of Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in a Patient With Severe Respiratory Alkalosis Following Intubation (ATS 2025) - "Typical management includes use of acetazolamide, although its use has not been shown to reduce mortality in ventilated patients...Here we present a novel method to control respiratory alkalosis with high Thigh to minimize releases, and a low Phigh, which results in lower minute ventilation. Using invasive ventilation modes that maintain oxygenation but reduce ventilation may be worth considering in the future in patients with difficult to control respiratory alkalosis."

Clinical • Intubation • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Diuretic Prescriptions During Postnatal Maturation in Extremely Preterm Infants Admitted to United States Children's Hospitals (ATS 2025) - "We identified all prescriptions of acetazolamide, bumetanide, chlorothiazide, diuretic combinations, ethacrynic acid, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, mannitol, metolazone and spironolactone between NICU admission and hospital discharge. Both furosemide and chlorothiazide are highly prescribed during postnatal age ranges that may span periods of dynamically changing diuretic clearance. High prescription periods occurred earliest for furosemide, whereas chlorothiazide was prescribed most often at discharge. Furosemide and chlorothiazide should be prioritized in developmental pharmacology research to ensure appropriate clinical dosage adjustments throughout infant maturation and appropriate dosage selection in clinical trials evaluating their safety and effectiveness in preterm populations."

Clinical • Prematurity • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

The incidence of subsequent high intracranial pressure in patients undergoing early, open, and wide strip craniectomy for sagittal synostosis. (PubMed, J Neurosurg Pediatr) - "This study verifies that the incidence of secondary closure is very low following early, open, and wide strip craniectomy for SS. However, careful clinical and ophthalmological follow-up is advised during the first few years following surgery."

Journal • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

OBX-115 engineered tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with regulatable membrane-bound IL15 (mbIL15): Translational data from a single-center phase 1 trial in patients (pts) with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–resistant advanced melanoma. (ASCO 2025) - P1, P1/2 | "OBX-115 engineered TIL express mbIL15 under pharmacologic regulation using the FDA-approved small-molecule drug acetazolamide (ACZ), abrogating the need for IL2. These data support the proposed OBX-115 mechanism of action, demonstrating ACZ-driven OBX-115 TIL expansion, engraftment, and persistence; endogenous NK cell expansion, presumably driven by transactivation via mbIL15 on OBX-115, without systemic cytokine elevation; and TCR repertoire remodeling with tumor-derived, antigen-specific T cells. Investigation of OBX-115 TIL cell therapy in pts with advanced solid tumors (NCT06060613) is ongoing. Pre- and post-infusion immune profile.*Pre-lymphodepletion."

Checkpoint inhibition • Clinical • Metastases • P1 data • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte • Melanoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CD4 • CD8 • IL15 • IL6 • IL7 • NCAM1

OBX-115 engineered tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) cell therapy with regulatable membrane-bound IL15 (mbIL15) in patients (pts) with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–resistant advanced melanoma: Phase 1 results of the Agni-01 multicenter study. (ASCO 2025) - P1, P1/2 | "Funded by Obsidian Therapeutics Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT06060613 Background: OBX-115 TIL are engineered to express mbIL15 regulated by the FDA-approved small-molecule drug acetazolamide (ACZ), abrogating the need for toxic high-dose IL2 after TIL infusion. Early data support clinical benefit (RP2D ORR 67%, DCR 100%) of OBX-115 regulatable engineered TIL cell therapy in the absence of IL2, including with outpatient low-dose LD. The safety profile is highly differentiated, without TRM, ICU transfer, or high-grade CRS. ACZ redosing is well-tolerated and offers an opportunity to deepen responses by inducing re-expression of mbIL15 on engrafted OBX-115 TIL, a unique capability among adoptive cell therapies."

Checkpoint inhibition • Clinical • IO biomarker • Metastases • P1 data • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte • Heart Failure • Lung Cancer • Melanoma • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • IL15 • IL6

The Role of Abdominal Circumference Reduction, NT-proBNP, and Body Weight in the Success of Decongestion: Insights from the COAF HF Trial Sub-Analysis (HEART FAILURE 2025) - "Waist circumference reduction and NT-proBNP changes are key predictors of decongestion success in ADHF patients receiving acetazolamide. Monitoring these parameters can help optimize decongestion evaluation and therapy."

Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Acetazolamide for ambulatory heart failure patients with diuretic resistance. (HEART FAILURE 2025) - "Treatment with acetazolamide in ambulatory HF with diuretic resistance can be safely used to control congestion, even of the setting of optimized therapy. No relevant clinical or biochemical disturbances were observed during long term therapy in very old patients with baseline renal dysfunction. Parameters of decongestion improved during therapy, although values did not reach statistically significance."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Hypertension

PRACTICE-HF : an implementation study of an updated acute heart failure protocol. (HEART FAILURE 2025) - "Implementation of the protocol was successful as seen by an increase in the prescription of SGLT2-inhibitors (44.2 vs 20 % at discharge in HF(m)rEF patients and 29.4 vs 4 % in HFpEF P=0.001), pre-discharge installation of ≥3 evidence-based drug classes for HF with reduced ejection fraction (48.1 vs 34 %, P= 0.176), in-hospital use of acetazolamide (59.8 vs 0%, P<0.001) and in-hospital iv... A simple protocol based strategy of an updated AHF protocol improved adoption of several evidence based AHF interventions. This may translate into improved patient outcomes, against a minor increase in hospital duration."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

The role of acetazolamide in enhancing diuresis in acute decompensated heart failure: insights from a real-world retrospective cohort study (HEART FAILURE 2025) - "Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving acetazolamide plus furosemide (n = 38) and those on furosemide alone (n = 53). In this retrospective cohort, acetazolamide showed a trend toward increased diuresis in patients with ADHF and volume overload. The higher prevalence of congestion and longer hospital stays in the acetazolamide group may reflect greater initial disease severity. These findings underscore the need for further prospective studies to clarify the role of acetazolamide in optimizing decongestion in ADHF."

Real-world • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Combination oral acetazolamide and intravenous furosemide on acute decompensated heart failure (HEART FAILURE 2025) - No abstract available

Late-breaking abstract • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Genetically determined reduction of renal carbonic anhydrase 12 is associated with decreased kidney function and increased serum urate (ERA 2025) - "We demonstrate that genetically determined CA12 reduction is associated with decreased kidney function and increased serum urate. Our findings suggest that pharmacological CA12 inhibition by acetazolamide may mimic the renal effects of genetic CA12 reduction, including a drop in GFR and increase in serum urate (with the latter not a well-recognised side effect of this treatment)."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Gout • Inflammatory Arthritis • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Rheumatology • CA12 • CST3 • MVP

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in Pregnancy. A Systematic Review on Clinical Course, Treatments, Delivery and Maternal-Fetal Outcome. (PubMed, Eur J Neurol) - "Although pregnancy-related physiological changes may exacerbate the IIH and the actual risk remains difficult to quantify, this appears overall low in terms of re-exacerbation of the disease or de-novo onset. Diuretics, in particular acetazolamide, that did not show a causal relationship with congenital malformations, and serial lumbar punctures represent safe and effective first-line managements, whereas shunt procedures should be reserved for fulminant cases. A pre-gestational symptoms relief seems to reduce the probability of a severe worsening in pregnancy."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Hypertension • Obesity • Pain

Acetazolamide in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes - Crossover Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=25 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University of California, San Diego

New P2 trial • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension With Papilledema and Iron Deficiency Anemia in a 14-Year-Old Female Patient: A Case Report of First Presentation in the Middle East. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Due to this progression, lumbar puncture was performed and confirmed elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). After completing an adjusted regimen of acetazolamide and iron supplementation, both the patient's symptoms and papilledema resolved and did not recur. This report encourages further research to support the potential connection of IDA with IIH and aid clinicians in promptly diagnosing and managing similar cases."

Journal • Anemia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Ophthalmology • Pain • Pediatrics • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Strabismus

Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute mountain sickness: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Travel Med Infect Dis) - "Moderate-dose acetazolamide (125-250 mg BID) effectively prevents AMS with a longer prophylactic window compared to high-dose regimens (375 mg BID). There is no pharmacological intervention to prevent SAMS and no high-quality evidence to prevent high-altitude-induced PAP elevation. Our findings delineate the efficacy duration of acetazolamide across doses, while underscoring the imperative for robust clinical trials to advance the evidence base."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review

Management practices and surgical techniques for ab externo less invasive glaucoma surgery: a literature review and expert recommendations. (PubMed, Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol) - "Management practices and surgical techniques for ab externo SBD vary, and surgeons must use their best clinical judgement based on the requirements of the individual patient. However, here we provide some recommendations for patient selection and pre-, peri- and post-surgical management based on the opinions of experts in the use of PRESERFLO MicroShunt, which we hope will prove useful in optimizing surgical outcomes."

Journal • Review • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology

UC-MEDJP-05: Acetazolamide in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes - Dose Finding (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=12 | Completed | Sponsor: University of California, San Diego | Recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: May 2026 ➔ Jul 2024

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Optimizing decongestion with adding oral acetazolamide in acute heart failure : fact or myths? (ESC-WCC 2025) - No abstract available

Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Oral acetazolamide in acute heart failure: effects on renal function and clinical outcomes (ESC-WCC 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Clinical data • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure