acetazolamide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Off-target binding of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat to carbonic anhydrase II and IX. (PubMed, Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun) - "Thermal shift assays using nanoDSF showed minimal stabilization of either CA by SAHA, in contrast to the potent CA inhibitor acetazolamide. These findings highlight potential off-target binding of SAHA to carbonic anhydrases, which may contribute to its clinical side effects. The results also suggest that hydroxamates may serve as a nonsulfonamide scaffold for novel CA inhibitors, although isoform selectivity remains a challenge."

Journal • Oncology • CA9

Beyond AHI: Hypoxic Burden As A Superior marker in the Management of Opioid-Associated Central Sleep Apnea with Acetazolamide (WSS 2025) - "Our findings suggest that reconsideration of the sole reliance on AHI may be beneficial When evaluating therapeutic outcomes in SDB, particularly in substance-dependent Patients. Metrics such as Hypoxic Burden and HAUC provide more physiologically Meaningful insights and may better reflect real clinical improvements compared to AHI."

CNS Disorders • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Differential effects of drugs for Insomnia and Sleep apnea : A Focus on sleep macrostructure and microstructure in rat (WSS 2025) - "Atomoxetine and acetazolamide were assessed as drugs studied for SAS. Both lemborexant and trazodone modulate sleep, but their effects on sleep macrostructure and microstructure differ. Given that these drugs have different mechanisms of action, their distinct effects on sleep macrostructure and microstructure may suggest that each is suited to different types of sleep disorders. While macrostructural changes are considered important for insomnia, microstructural aspects may also play a meaningful role."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

The combined effect of acetazolamide and oxygen (ACZO2) on OSA severity and endotypes (WSS 2025) - "These data demonstrate that the combination of both acetazolamide and oxygen can strongly reduce loop gain in unselected patients, and this effect appears borne out by reductions in fAHI. Future work is required to determine whether reductions in loop gain and OSA severity are larger in patients with high loop gain at baseline."

Cardiovascular • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Altered arginin-vasopressin (AVP)/apelin system balance in congestive heart failure patients under diuretic resistance: results from a pilot study (ESC-WCC 2025) - "They received 80 to 250 mg of furosemide intravenously over 7 hours together with oral metolazone (up to 10 mg/day, n=8) or acetazolamide 500 mg (n=2)... As expected, CHF patients had increased levels of ANP, BNP, aldosterone and norepinephrine compared to controls, whereas no difference was found concerning metabolic parameters. Interestingly, under DR conditions, plasma levels of copeptin were significantly increased (p<0.001), along with a marked reduction in apelin and especially elabela levels (p<0.0001). In addition, while apelin tended to be positively correlated with glycaemia, insulinemia and HOMA index, elabela was negatively associated with plasma BNP and aldosterone levels, suggesting that apelin and elabela exert divergent physiological effects in the regulation of the cardiometabolic balance."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Oral acetazolamide in acute heart failure: effects on renal function and clinical outcomes (ESC-WCC 2025) - "The study's retrospective nature, high-risk population, heterogeneous treatment protocols, and lack of a control group limit generalizability. Caution is advised when using oral acetazolamide, and further prospective trials are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy."

Clinical • Clinical data • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Acetazolamide as an adjunct to loop diuretics in decongesting patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis (ESC-WCC 2025) - "In terms of safety, the all-cause mortality, rate of rehospitalization, and presence of adverse events were similar between the two groups. Conclusion This study provides significant evidence regarding the clinical benefit of adding acetazolamide to standard loop diuretic therapy in decongesting patients with ADHF."

Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Efficacy and safety of oral acetazolamide in patients with decompensated heart failure: hospital phase of open-label prospective randomized multicenter study ORION-A (ESC-WCC 2025) - "Patients of both groups received the same GDMT: SGLT2 inhibitors 73.2% vs. 76.3% (p=0.463), ACEi/ARB 62.7% vs. 60.4% (p=0.631), ARNI 22,6% vs 25,2% (p=0,439), beta-blockers 93.8% vs. 89.9% (p=0.372), MRA 89.5% vs. 88.4% (p=0.728), as well as diuretics, digoxin, statins, antiplatelet drugs/anticoagulants.The primary end-point has been reached in 83 (39.7%) patients in usual care group and in 82 (39.6%) patients in acetazolamide group (p=0.983). 6MWT results were 309.50 (282.50; 404.50) meters in usual care group vs. 300.00 (214.50; 347.00) meters in acetazolamide group (p=0.250).Conclusion. Oral acetazolamide administration additionally to GDMT was not associated with better compensation of HF probably due to the high rate of administration of SGLT2i and ARNI."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Exploring Kidney functions as a key barrier to effective diuresis in Congestion Refractory Heart Failure: Insights from the DEA-HF Clinical Trial (ESC-WCC 2025) - "Forty-two patients received weekly one of three high-intensity diuretics, in a randomized order: IV furosemide 250mg; oral metolazone 5mg+IV furosemide 250mg; and IV acetazolamide 500mg+IV furosemide 250mg... In patients with congestion-refractory chronic HF, natriuresis and diuresis efficacy were positively correlated with higher eGFR. No specific regimen showed a clear advantage in those with lower eGFR. Higher serum bicarbonate was associated with improved diuresis efficacy."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Anti-IgLON-5 disease presenting with axial dystonia and acetazolamide-responsive apnea. (PubMed, Clin Neurol Neurosurg) - "Treatment involved intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and rituximab providing modest improvement in symptoms. While acetazolamide has long been used for the treatment of sleep-breathing-related disorder, this is the first known case of its effective use in anti-IgLON5-related central hypoventilation. Additionally, this case demonstrates that axial dystonia with painful and disabling anterocollis can be a prominent feature of this disease."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Dystonia • Infectious Disease • Movement Disorders • Pain • Respiratory Diseases

Sleep Apnea in Elderly (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=100 | Recruiting | Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development | Trial completion date: Jul 2025 ➔ Jul 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 ➔ Jul 2026

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Acetazolamide plus Atomoxetine Changed Chemosensitivity in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (ERS 2025) - No abstract available

Genetic Disorders • Obesity • Respiratory Diseases

Effect of acetazolamide on 24-hour blood pressure in highlanders with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded (ERS 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Effect of acetazolamide on obstructive sleep apnea in highlanders: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover trial (ERS 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

STOP-RGCD: Stop Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=28 | Terminated | Sponsor: University of Miami | N=500 ➔ 28 | Completed ➔ Terminated; No patients had abnormal PERG and could not be included in the first two arms from the baseline timepoint.

Enrollment change • Trial termination • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology

Management of Expected Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Elevation During Prolonged Steep Trendelenburg Positioning: A Case Report and Literature Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "In addition, a review of the existing literature on perioperative IOP management in glaucoma patients undergoing ST procedures was conducted. While prior reports have explored alternative pharmacologic interventions, this case highlights the successful use of acetazolamide as a prophylactic strategy for maintaining IOP control in a primary open-angle glaucoma patient."

Journal • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology

Review of Acetazolamide and Novel Medical Paradigms for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treatment. (PubMed, Ear Nose Throat J) - "Topiramate, GLP-1RAs, and 11β-HSD1 inhibitors are promising adjuncts or alternatives to acetazolamide and should be further investigated as effective IIH treatments."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Otorhinolaryngology

Preoperative Acetazolamide (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=100 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Prisma Health-Upstate

New P4 trial • Gynecology • Pain

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Novel Sulfonamide Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzymes I/II and Acetylcholinesterase. (PubMed, J Biochem Mol Toxicol) - "Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 3 demonstrated the highest inhibitory effect against hCA I with an Ki of 49.45 ±  9.13 nM, exhibiting approximately 4.8-fold stronger inhibition than acetazolamide (AZA)...In the AChE inhibition assay, both compounds 3 and 2 showed superior activity over the reference drug tacrine (TAC), with Ki values of 148.67  ±  78.78 nM and 151.21  ±  11.78 nM, respectively, corresponding to 2.17-fold and 2.13-fold greater potency than TAC...These results emphasize the importance of present structural motifs for the various interactions. These findings support the rational design of multifunctional sulfonamides as promising scaffolds for the development of potent enzyme inhibitors targeting both CA and AChE-related pathologies."

Journal • Pain

Optimizing decongestion with adding oral acetazolamide in acute heart failure : fact or myths? [WITHDRAWN] (ESC-WCC 2025) - No abstract available

Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure

Risk Reduction of Recurrent Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks with Postoperative Intracranial Pressure Management (AAO-HNSF 2025) - "There is no strong evidence to support the use of postoperative CSF pressure-reducing interventions in reducing the risk of recurrent lateral skull base sCSF leaks after repair."

Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension

HighCycle Study: Acetazolamide, High Altitude and Plasma Volume (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=270 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Centre d'Expertise sur l'Altitude EXALT

New P4 trial

SDB: Sleep Disordered Breathing With Opioid Use (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=150 | Recruiting | Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 ➔ Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 ➔ Dec 2026

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • CNS Disorders • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Comparison between multiparametric arterial spin labeling and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography in patients with moyamoya disease. (PubMed, Magn Reson Med) - "The comprehensive use of MP-ASLDANTE parameters enables a detailed noninvasive evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with MMD and potentially allows for the detection of early stages of hemodynamic impairment in these patients."

Journal • Vascular Neurology

Acute corneal hydrops secondary to acquired syphilis. (PubMed, Eur J Ophthalmol) - "Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography revealed immense corneal edema with stunted vessels suggestive of acute hydrops.ResultsTopical moxifloxacin with oral doxycycline was administered along with oral acetazolamide. The patient's serology (VDRL) was positive with Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay positivity. Intramuscular benzathine penicillin injections (weekly; 3 injections) were given and subsequently, there was complete resolution with corneal scarring and restoration of vision to 20/60 in the left eye.ConclusionThis is the first case to illustrate acute hydrops as a presenting sign of ocular syphilis."

Journal • Cataract • Corneal Abrasion • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain