atomoxetine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Effect of Direct and Systemic Atomoxetine Administration on Detrusor Contractility in Mice: Implications for Atomoxetine-Induced Urinary Retention. (PubMed, Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol) - No abstract available

Journal • Preclinical

Strain-dependent sensitivity to psychostimulant-induced modulation of risky choice preference in Fischer-344 and Long Evans rats (Neuroscience 2026) - "This convergence highlights the translational potential of ADHD therapeutics, particularly the DA/NE-enhancing psychostimulants methylphenidate (MPH) and amphetamine (AMPH) and the selective NE reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine (ATX), for modulating AD-related behavioral dysfunction. This profile establishes a critical benchmark for interpreting catecholaminergic manipulations in F344-based disease models, including TgF344-AD. Future studies will extend this work to additional receptor-specific agents to further delineate strain-specific differences in sensitivity to pharmacologically induced alterations in decision making to improve cross-study comparability and translational inference."

Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Alzheimer's Disease • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders

Effort-related motivational effects of the atypical dopamine transport inhibitor vanoxerine in rodent models of decision-making: Interactions with the SSRI fluoxetine and the norepinephrine transport inhibitor atomoxetine. (Neuroscience 2026) - "Drugs that inhibit DAT, such as bupropion, reverse the effects of TBZ, while drugs that selectively inhibit 5-HT or norepinephrine transport (NET) are ineffective...Ongoing studies show that atypical DAT inhibitors such as vanoxerine (GBR 12909), as well as modafinil and several of its analogs, are effective at reversing the effort-related actions of TBZ and enhancing selection of high-effort activities...Similar results were obtained with atomoxetine. These results emphasize the significant role that DA transmission has in regulating exertion of physical effort and effort-based decision making, which has implications for treating effort-related motivational dysfunctions in psychopathology."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Schizophrenia

Beyond Reuptake: Characterization of Intracellular Norepinephrine Transporter Localization (Neuroscience 2026) - "For example, reboxetine is approved outside the United States for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), whereas atomoxetine is primarily prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These findings were supported by the absence of staining in wild-type HEK293 cells and by co-labeling experiments using markers of intracellular and plasma membrane compartments. Future studies will investigate NET localization in endogenous cell lines and tissue models and will employ electron microscopy to further characterize its subcellular distribution."

ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Major Depressive Disorder • Mood Disorders

Drug-Specific Treatment Persistence in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Japanese Cohort Study (Neuroscience 2026) - "We identified 29,257 children aged 6-17 years (74.5% male; mean age 10.3±3.3 years) initiating osmotic controlled-release oral delivery system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH, n=9,846), atomoxetine (ATX, n=8,135), or guanfacine extended-release (GXR, n=11,276), followed up to 730 days...Persistence was compared using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests; drug-group-specific Cox models were fitted within each cohort, adjusting for age, sex, prescribing specialty, and concomitant melatonin, risperidone, and aripiprazole...Determinants of treatment persistence in ADHD pharmacotherapy are not uniform across agents, supporting drug-specific persistence strategies. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Review Committee of Meiji Pharmaceutical University (registration number: 202408)."

Clinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Developmental deviations of association-network structural connectivity in youths with ADHD predict symptom and treatment outcomes (Neuroscience 2026) - "Baseline deviations also predicted 12-week treatment response to atomoxetine, but not methylphenidate, and follow-up imaging revealed treatment-related reductions in deviation. In conclusion, SC deviations, particularly in frontoparietal and default-mode circuits, may serve as neurodevelopmental biomarkers for ADHD. These findings suggest that tracking SC deviations could help monitor symptom progression and guide treatment decisions, with potential applications for precision psychiatry in ADHD."

Clinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Do Stimulants Promote Arrhythmic Risk: Insights From a Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Model. (PubMed, J Arrhythm) - "Atrial and ventricular hiPSC-CMs were plated on a multielectrode array (MEA) platform and exposed to clinically relevant plasma concentrations of methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, atomoxetine, caffeine, or the β-agonist isoproterenol. The preservation of CV suggests that these compounds are unlikely to alter myocardial conduction at therapeutic doses. The observed effects on BR and FPDc warrant further mechanistic studies to understand how these changes may contribute to arrhythmia risk in susceptible populations."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Prescription Stimulant Therapy and Risk of Constipation in Adults With ADHD: A Propensity-Matched Multicenter Cohort Study (ACG 2026) - "The stimulant cohort included patients receiving amphetamine or amphetamine-like stimulants, excluding prior stimulant exposure and non-stimulant ADHD medication exposure. The non-stimulant cohort included patients receiving atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine, or viloxazine, excluding prior non-stimulant exposure and stimulant exposure... After matching, 36,501 patients were included in each cohort. At 1 year, constipation occurred in 617/33,224 stimulant users versus 832/32,541 non-stimulant users (1.9% vs 2.6%; RR 0.726, 95% CI 0.655â0.805; p< 0.001). Stimulant therapy was also associated with lower laxative/constipation medication use (5.3% vs 5.8%; RR 0.916, 95% CI 0.857â0.980; p=0.011) and ileus risk (0.04% vs 0.10%; RR 0.371, 95% CI 0.196â0.701; p=0.001)."

Clinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Psychiatry

IDENTIFYING MEANINGFUL PATIENT SAVINGS ON GENERICS: DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER PRICES VS COMMERCIAL INSURANCE (ISPOR 2026) - "DTC pharmacies such as MCCPDC meaningfully lower out-of-pocket costs for higher-cost generic prescriptions which could otherwise be difficult to afford. Commercially insured patients should consider DTC pharmacies when their copayment or coinsurance for a generic medication exceeds $15, and particularly when it exceeds $100."

Clinical • Reimbursement • US reimbursement • CNS Disorders • Depression • Endocrine Disorders • Erectile Dysfunction • Multiple Sclerosis

Severe atomoxetine overdose presenting with status epilepticus and wide-complex ventricular tachycardia. (PubMed, Am J Emerg Med) - "Severe atomoxetine overdose may cause convulsive status epilepticus, profound lactic acidosis, and life-threatening cardiac conduction disturbances. Early airway protection, seizure control, continuous electrocardiographic monitoring, and consideration of sodium bicarbonate therapy for marked QRS widening are critical management strategies."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Anesthesia • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Hypotension • Metabolic Disorders • Psychiatry • Ventricular Tachycardia

Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. (PubMed, Int J Risk Saf Med) - "NRIs increased treatment discontinuation (RR 1.16, 95% CI [1.03, 1.30]) and non-serious adverse events (AEs) (RR 1.27, 95% CI [1.09, 1.49]), both with very low certainty. Atomoxetine increased serious AEs (RR 2.31, 95% CI [1.79, 2.97]; moderate certainty).ConclusionsThere is probably more harm (compared to placebo) with atomoxetine use in adults, with over two-fold increase in the number of people with serious (life-threatening) adverse events, a higher proportion of people with any adverse event amongst patients taking atomoxetine and higher withdrawal rates of people treated with atomoxetine or reboxetine."

Journal • Review • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Short-term heart rate variability is preserved in Parkinson's disease under atomoxetine. (PubMed, Brain Commun) - "Using Bayesian statistical inference, we demonstrated confidence in the preservation of HRV across measures in the time, frequency and non-linear domains. Our findings are in favour of a safe cardiovascular profile for atomoxetine in Parkinson's disease, further supporting noradrenergic modulation as a viable treatment strategy for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease and related disorders."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

α6GABAA receptors as novel targets for ADHD therapy: A proof-of-concept study in MK-801-treated juvenile mice. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Atomoxetine, an approved ADHD medication, also attenuated ADHD-like phenotypes, although with sedative effects. The therapeutic-like effects of Compound 6 were abolished by intracerebellar microinjection of furosemide, an α6GABAA receptor antagonist, and were absent in Gabra6 (α6-encoding gene)-knockout mice, indicating that positive modulation of cerebellar α6GABAA receptors underlies the observed behavioral improvements. Together, these findings provide proof-of-concept that enhancing cerebellar α6GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition can ameliorate ADHD-relevant behavioral impairments and highlight α6GABAA receptor-selective PAMs as a potential pharmacotherapeutic strategy for ADHD."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Developmental deviations of association-network structural connectivity in youths with ADHD predict symptom and treatment outcomes. (PubMed, Nat Biomed Eng) - "Baseline deviations predicted 12-week treatment response to atomoxetine but not methylphenidate, and follow-up imaging revealed treatment-related reductions in deviation. Together, these findings identify structural connectivity deviation as a developmental biomarker with prognostic relevance for ADHD, supporting precision care through symptom monitoring and treatment stratification."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Cross-Cohort, Renal Compartment-Aware Transcriptomic Assessment of Lycii Fructus-Annotated Targets in Diabetic Kidney Disease. (PubMed, Curr Issues Mol Biol) - "Reference redocking reproduced carazolol in ADRB2 and atomoxetine in SLC6A2 (RMSD, 1.08 and 1.09 Å). Thus, the four genes are reproducible DKD-perturbed candidates carrying Lycii Fructus annotations, not evidence of a Lycii Fructus-specific mechanism; they warrant targeted pharmacological testing."

Journal • Diabetic Nephropathy • Nephrology • Renal Disease • ADRB2 • CASP8

Updates in treatment strategies in ADHD (WFSBP 2026) - "Lisdexamfetamine, a prodrug cleaved gradually by red blood cell enzymes, provides smoother pharmacokinetics and lower abuse potential due to slower peak concentrations...OROS-methylphenidate mimics twice-daily dosing through osmotic release, while transdermal methylphenidate bypasses first-pass metabolism and reduces appetite suppression. Serdexmethylphenidate and ion-exchange amphetamine preparations further improve duration and plasma stability...These mechanisms may improve emotional dysregulation and provide faster onset than atomoxetine...Investigational therapies include centanafadine, a triple DAT-NET-SERT inhibitor targeting emotional dysregulation; TAAR-1 agonists, which modulate dopamine and glutamate signaling; and metadoxine extended release, which restores GABA-glutamate balance and may preferentially benefit inattentive ADHD...DAT1 and SERT polymorphisms may predict stimulant or serotonergic treatment response, while COMT Val158Met variants influence..."

ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Tic Disorders • Tourette Syndrome • COMT

Prevalence, Trends and Patterns of ADHD Medication Use Among Children, Adolescents and Young Adults in Quebec, Canada: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study From 2000 to 2022: Prévalence, tendances et profils d'utilisation des médicaments pour le TDAH chez les enfants, les adolescents et les jeunes adultes au Québec (Canada) : étude populationnelle transversale (PubMed, Can J Psychiatry) - "We estimated crude and age-adjusted prevalence rates along with their 99% confidence intervals according to sex, age (only for crude estimates), material and social deprivation, and ADHD medication type, namely stimulants (amphetamine-based and methylphenidate-based medications) and non stimulants (atomoxetine and guanfacine). The expansion of diagnostic criteria in 2013 and heightened awareness may have narrowed the disparity between the condition's prevalence and its management and may explain the increase in use observed in earlier years and the stabilization observed over the more recent years. The disparities between males and females, as well as between age groups, highlight the need for continuous monitoring of prescribing trends and support targeted equity evaluations to inform service planning and improve access where needed."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate on quality of life and self-esteem in adults with ADHD. (PubMed, Front Psychiatry) - "Correlation analysis showed that symptom severity, assessed with the DIVA 5 test, was inversely proportional to levels of self-esteem (Spearman rho = -0.3269; p = 0.0131) and quality of life (Spearman rho = -0.3758; p = 0.0040) and that RSES and AAQoL-29 scores were positively correlated (Spearman rho = 0.6357; p = 0.0000). Our study confirms that pharmacological therapy in adult ADHD not only improves core symptoms but also promotes improvement in self-esteem and personal efficacy, essential components for the recovery of psychological and social well-being."

HEOR • Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Sleep and Stroop Performance with Adjunctive Melatonin in Pharmacotherapy-stable Pediatric ADHD: A Prospective Open-label Study. (PubMed, Indian J Psychol Med) - "Thirty-three participants (ADHD; Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire [CSHQ] score ≥41) on stable methylphenidate or atomoxetine were enrolled; 32 completed follow-up. Pre- and post-improvements in parent-reported sleep scores and Stroop performance were observed over 6 weeks of melatonin use; given the single-arm design, causal attribution is not possible. Randomized controlled trials with objective sleep measures and parallel cognitive assessment forms are warranted."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Real-World Medication Regimen Change in Adults with ADHD: A Large Claims Database Study. (PubMed, Biol Pharm Bull) - "Using a Japanese claims database, we assembled a cohort of adults who initiated ADHD medication with methylphenidate, atomoxetine, guanfacine, or polytherapy (combination therapy) at initiation. Landmark analysis yielded consistent differences between regimens. Initial ADHD pharmacotherapy showed heterogeneity in Japanese adults and included initial polytherapy, with initial regimen instability differing substantially depending on the starting regimen."

Journal • Real-world evidence • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry

Dissociation and Hallucinations Induced by Fluoxetine and Atomoxetine Combination in a Child. (PubMed, Am J Ther) - No abstract available

Journal

STEAM: Study of the Effects of Atomoxetine on Motivation (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=40 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: University of Oxford

New P4 trial

Asymmetric Kinetic Resolution of 2-Aryl Oxetanes by Dinuclear Titanium Radical Catalysis. (PubMed, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl) - "The resulting oxetanes serve as versatile chiral platforms and enable concise, modular, and enantio-retentive access to pharmaceutically relevant targets, including (S)-Atomoxetine, (S)-Nisoxetine, and (S)-Fluoxetine. Mechanistic studies support a Curtin-Hammett-type stereochemical model in which diastereomeric Ti-oxetane intermediates, differentiated by an unusual ligand-substrate C-H···π interaction, display distinct stability/reactivity relationships during C─O bond homolysis. Beyond establishing a broadly useful kinetic resolution of 2-aryl oxetanes, this work reveals an unusual mode of attractive ligand-substrate recognition in salen-titanium radical catalysis."

Journal

Atomoxetine in a Patient With Gilbert's Syndrome: Hepatic Monitoring and Pharmacogenomic Considerations. (PubMed, J Clin Psychopharmacol) - No abstract available

Biomarker • Journal • Hepatology

The effect of atomoxetine and methylphenidate on emotional dysregulation in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. (PubMed, J Child Psychol Psychiatry) - P4 | "ATX and MPH both alleviate ED in children with ADHD, and these effects are not solely accounted for by improvements in ADHD symptoms. Increased amygdala-centered FC may be associated with medication-related ED improvements."

Clinical • Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry