arsenic trioxide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Arsenic trioxide and the MNK1 inhibitor AUM001 exert synergistic anti-glioblastoma effects by modulating key translational, cell cycle, and transmembrane transport pathways (WFNOS 2025) - "Overall, synergistic response to the combination therapy is more associated with cellular organization, amino acid transmembrane transporter activity, ion channels, extracellular matrix organization and collagen formation. Our findings highlight that specific molecular pathways and their activities, including those involving translation, cell cycle and ion transport, determine the synergistic efficacy of the ATO and AUM001 combination, thereby offering potential biomarkers for improved patient stratification in future GBM clinical trials of such ATO-based treatments."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Solid Tumor

Deciphering glioblastoma heterogeneity: Integrating molecular signatures and genomic landscapes to predict drug sensitivity and advance precision oncology (WFNOS 2025) - "Comprehensive drug screening was performed on these models, evaluating agents such as temozolomide, arsenic trioxide (ATO), TRC102, pevonedistat, TAS4464, candesartan cilexetil, selinexor, GB13, DSP-0390, and the combination of ATO with a MNK1 inhibitor. Future research will focus on analyzing CNV changes and transcriptomic differential expression within patient data and validating drug efficacy on patient-derived tumor cultures. This comprehensive strategy aims to translate preclinical discoveries into clinically relevant biomarkers, ultimately paving the way for personalized and more effective GBM treatments."

Heterogeneity • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Solid Tumor

High-throughput screening uncloaks actionable compounds for ttmv::rara AML (ASH 2025) - "Clinical data from ourmulticenter cohorts (n=25) revealed that 20 patients showed initial response to conventional APLregimens including all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO), but paradoxicallydemonstrated poor disease control, evidenced by the event-free survival (EFS) was 53.6% with relapse-free survival (RFS) exceeding to 53.8% beyond 2 years...Dose-response curves revealed significant half maximalinhibitory concentration (IC50) reductions (>5-fold) relative to vector controls in 5/10 candidates:anagrelide (phosphodiesterase III inhibitor), lenvatinib (multi-kinase inhibitor), cytarabine (nucleosideanalog), cyclocytidine (prodrug of cytarabine), and tandutinib (FLT3 inhibitor). Crucially, the establishedAPL therapies ATRA and ATO, as well as the widely used BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, showed no significantreduction in IC50, suggesting a possible link to the clinical observation of rapid relapse in this disease.Our findings establish the human..."

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • CD33 • CD34 • CEACAM8 • FLT3 • ITGAM • PTPRC

Adaptive rebalancing of ROS composition averts LSD1 inhibitor–induced oxidative stress in AML (ASH 2025) - "Importantly, ATRA's efficacy enhances significantly when combined with arsenictrioxide (ATO), which elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of reactive oxygen-containingmolecules including superoxide anions that collectively contribute to oxidative stress.To examine the role of ROS during LSD1 inhibition, we treated primary patient-derived AML samples andcell lines with LSD1i (GSK-LSD1) and monitored ROS dynamics using selective intracellular biosensors andROS type-specific fluorescent probes...Notably, scavenging ROSwith N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly impairs differentiation, indicating that ROS plays a critical role inmediating the pro-differentiation effects of LSD1i. To validate that LSD1 regulates ROS, we developed amurine leukemogenic model by transducing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) fromLsd1fl/fl conditional knockout mice with the MLL-AF9 oncogene and tamoxifen-inducible Crerecombinase...Rather than decreasing overall ROS..."

Oxidative stress • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • CYBB • KDM1A • MPO

Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular predictors of early mortality in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): Real-world analysis (ASH 2025) - "IntroductionThe advent of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide revolutionized APL treatment, yet earlymortality (EM) rates among patients (pts) treated in real-world practice remain as high as 10-15%...Among them, 53 (95%) received ATRA + arsenic-basedregimens (16[29%] received additional GO, 3[5%] received additional idarubicin) and 3 (5%) received ATRAwith idarubicin...Our findings highlight a possibleprognostic role of genetic abnormalities beyond t(15; 17). Larger studies may further clarify thesignificance of these mutations and their contribution to APL risk startification"

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Ischemic stroke • Leukemia • Respiratory Diseases • ARID1A • CALR • ETV6 • FLT3 • PTPN11 • SF3B1 • WT1

Ruxolitinib combined with dexamethasone is a promising prophylaxis method for differentiation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL2022) (ASH 2025) - P1 | "Introduction:Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been highly cured with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenictrioxide (ATO), but they still bring differentiation syndrome (DS) in about 25% of cases. Ruxolitinib and dexamethasone combination strategy could be an effective and safe recommendation forpreventing DS during ATRA-ATO induction therapy for APL patients. NRAS mutation and changes in IL-2Rafter ATRA treatment might serve as risk predictors for DS under this protocol. (www.chictr.org.cn,ChiCTR2300072086)"

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Nephrology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • FLT3 • IL2RA • NRAS • WT1

Efficacy and Safety of ATRA+ATO/RIF+venetoclax combination therapy in the treatment of adult acute promyelocytic leukemia (ASH 2025) - "Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the triple-combination therapy consisting of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA), arsenic trioxide (ATO)/realgar-indigo naturalis formula (RIF), and venetoclax in adultpatients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). From February 2025 to July 2025, twenty-six adult APL patients admitted to the Institute ofHematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, received inductiontherapy with ATRA+ATO/RIF+venetoclax...One high-risk patientexhibited a progressive leukocyte increase from 35×10⁹/L to 100×10⁹/L, which was subsequentlycontrolled with the addition of cytarabine... The ATRA + ATO/RIF + venetoclax triple regimen shortened the time to peak leukocyte countand reduced the incidence of differentiation syndrome, compared to previous anthracycline-basedcombination chemotherapy regimens. The regimen demonstrated rapid hematologic remission and afavorable safety profile in APL induction..."

Clinical • Combination therapy • Acute Kidney Injury • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Leukemia • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • PML • RARA

Chemotherapy-free treatment for children and adolescents with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): Results of the prospective ICC-APL-02 study. (ASH 2025) - P2 | "Introduction: Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been revolutionized over the past twodecades by the introduction of both all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO), leading tothe use of chemotherapy-free protocols in standard-risk (SR) adult patients.In October 2019, a multicenter European pediatric trial from the International Consortium for Childhood(ICC) APL delivering a non-chemotherapy-based treatment for children with newly diagnosed SR and HighRisk (HR) APL was started [NCT04793919]. Here, we report the results of the second planned interimanalysis of the ICC-APL-02 study. ICC-APL-02 Study is an open-label prospective, non-randomized, multicenter trial for childrenand adolescents (up to the age of 18) with newly diagnosed APL delivering a risk-stratified treatment[according to the modified pediatric criteria (Testi, Blood 2018)] based on the use of ATRA and ATO, plusgemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) only in HR patients.During..."

Clinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Pediatrics • FLT3

KMT2A::AF6 fusion protein localizes to PML nuclear bodies and undergoes ATO-induced degradation: A potential novel therapeutic approach for KMT2A::AF6-rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia (ASH 2025) - "Given that PML and its client proteins undergo proteasomal degradation upon arsenic trioxide(ATO) treatment via SUMO-dependent ubiquitination, we tested whether KMT2A::AF6 protein follows asimilar fate...Blocking the proteasomewith MG132 prevented this degradation, confirming that KMT2A::AF6, as well as PML, is degraded via theSUMO–ubiquitin–proteasome axis...This effect was partially reversed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting a ROS-dependent mechanism, described to be the very first step by which ATO drives PML proteasomal-mediated degradation. Moreover, ATO treatment induced myeloid differentiation both in vitro and in exvivo patient-derived cells (PDXs), supporting a transcriptional change at support of a targeted KMT2A:.AF6fusion protein degradation mechanism.In vivo, ATO monotherapy (8 mg/kg) moderately delayed disease progression in KMT2A::AF6 PDX models,while its combination with low-dose cytarabine (20 mg/kg) significantly reduced leukemic burden andprolonged..."

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Pediatrics • Targeted Protein Degradation • HOXA10 • HOXA11 • HOXA9 • KMT2A • RARA

The effect of chronic kidney disease on outcomes in patients admitted with acute promyelocytic leukemia not in remission: A nationwide analysis from 2016–2022 (ASH 2025) - "CKD mayalter drug pharmacokinetics—especially for agents like arsenic trioxide (ATO)—and increase risks oftoxicity, fluid overload, and cardiovascular complications...In this national cohort of hospitalized patients with active APL, CKD was not independently associatedwith increased mortality. However, it was linked to lower use of mechanical ventilation and pRBCtransfusions, suggesting potential differences in treatment intensity or decision-making. Racial disparitieswere observed across several outcomes, particularly among Asian and multiracial populations."

Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Chronic Kidney Disease • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Renal Disease

Decoding Transgene Silencing from Stably Maintained AAV Genomes in Human Liver: Epigenetic Insights to Guide Next-Generation Vector Design (ASH 2025) - P1 | "Epigeneticmodulation was tested with arsenic trioxide (ATO), known to affect PML bodies and chromatinremodeling...These results underscoreepigenetic regulation as an important mechanism governing long-term, AAV transgene expression inhuman liver. Understanding these complex AAV-host interactions is critical and will directly inform thedesign of future strategies to overcome current challenges and significantly improve the durability of AAVgene therapies."

Hemophilia • Hepatocellular Cancer • Rare Diseases

DNA methylation profiling identifies two epigenetic subgroups with prognostic implications in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia: The JCCG study, JPLSG AML-P05 (ASH 2025) - "Although all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxidetreatments have dramatically improved the prognosis of APL, relapses still occur... We successfully classified pediatric APL patients into two risk groups based on the DNAmethylation levels at certain CpG sites. Our findings suggest an association between APL prognosis andhyper-methylation at EBF1-binding sites. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationshipbetween EBF1 and c-Myc in APL."

Clinical • Epigenetic controller • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Pediatrics • Solid Tumor • EBF1 • EP300 • MYC

NRAS mutation drives excessive netosis and differentiation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia (ASH 2025) - "Background Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is highly curable with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenictrioxide (ATO)...Inhibitors targeting CXCR1/2 (Reparixin), NE(Sivelestat), MEK(Trametinib), PAD4(GSK484), and JAK1/2 (Ruxolitinib) were applied to evaluate their inhibitory effects onNETosis and differentiation...Targeting this pathway with reparixin or sivelestatattenuates NET formation without compromising cell differentiation, offering a promising therapeuticstrategy to mitigate DS-induced tissue damage while preserving anti-leukemic efficacy. These findingsprovide mechanistic insights into NRAS-driven inflammation in APL and support NETs-targeted therapyfor prophylaxis of DS."

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Thrombosis • ANXA5 • CXCL8 • CXCR1 • ICAM1 • ITGAM • JAK1 • JAK2 • NRAS • VCAM1

Salvage-free, transplantation-free survival (STFS) in AML: Proposition for a novel clinical endpoint to better assess the efficacy of novel drugs in combination with intensive chemotherapy. a dataml registry study. (ASH 2025) - "Inclusion criteria for the APL cohort(used as control): ≥18y, between 01/2010 and 12/2022, first-line treatment including arsenic trioxide(ATO) and ATRA. The impact of trulyeffective first-line treatment is illustrated in APL patients, who previously had a similar prognosis to otherAML patients before the era of PML-RARA directed therapies. Improving STFS should become a keyobjective in clinical trials assessing new targeted agents in combination with IC in AML."

Clinical • Combination therapy • IO biomarker • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Transplantation • BCL2 • FLT3 • IDH1 • IDH2 • KMT2A • NPM1 • PML

Central nervous system relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia in the arsenic era: A case series and review of emerging evidence (ASH 2025) - "Background :Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APML) is highly curable with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) andarsenic trioxide (ATO)...Treated with ATO/ATRA, intrathecal therapy, high-dose cytarabine(HiDAC), craniospinal radiotherapy in preparation for autologous transplant...Standard induction agents like ATRA, ATO, and idarubicin have limited CNS penetration.Studies suggest that HiDAC and prophylactic intrathecal therapy during consolidation mayreduce CNS relapse risk, as shown in the APL 2000 trial.CNS relapse in APML remains a rare but challenging clinical entity in the ATO era...CNS relapse in APML remains a rare but challenging clinical entity in the ATO era. Risk factorsmay include FLT3-ITD mutation, prior CNS hemorrhage, and high-risk disease features. Our caseshighlight the importance of early neurologic assessment and raise consideration for CNS-directedprophylaxis in select high-risk patients.Notably, ATO/ATRA is now available for the treatment of high-risk APML in..."

Clinical • Review • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • FLT3

Real-world outcomes and a novel prognostic assessment model for high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia receiving all-trans retinoid acid and arsenic trioxide dual induction based on lasso-cox regression (ASH 2025) - "Our findings showed that the real-world outcomes of HR APL have been dramatically improved withATRA+ATO induction in the past decade. A nomogram including four clinical factors has been developedand could help to predict the prognosis of HR APL in the dual induction era. This nomogram model canserve as an efficient individualized quantitative tool for the physicians to identify the "true" or "extremely"high risk APL patients besides the Sanz risk model."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia

Anti-inflammatory 25(OH)D3, a natural steroid hormone, may complement all-trans retinoic acid therapy for differentiation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia. (PubMed, Cell Death Dis) - "Differentiation syndrome (DS) is a serious complication with an unclear pathogenesis that arises following all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic trioxide induction therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)...25(OH)D3 also inhibited the ATRA-induced production of cytokines (e.g., IL-8), including IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1, associated with the "cytokine storm." Combined treatment with ATRA plus 25(OH)D3 reduced cellular phospho-p65 and transglutaminase 2 (TG2) levels and increased the level of inhibitor of Rel (IκB), thereby attenuating the cytokine storm. These findings provide a molecular interpretation for clinical DS and IHC observations and may support future exploration of ATRA plus 25(OH)D3 cotreatment as a therapy for APL."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Septic Shock • CXCL8 • IL1B • RELA • TGM2 • TNFA

Concurrent Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Rare Case Report (ACG 2025) - "Biopsy of the L5 lesion confirmed myeloid sarcoma, and the patient was started on arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid (ATO+ATRA). Imaging showed progression of PSC with increased peripheral biliary dilation and multifocal intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary strictures, along with wall thickening and enhancement, raising concern for ATRA-related PSC progression. This case highlights a rare concurrence of PSC and APL, raising the question of a possible association between the two diseases. The observed PSC progression following APL diagnosis and treatment presents a clinical dilemma: whether the progression was drug-induced or simply reflects the natural course of PSC.Figure: MRI showing a new enhancing lesion at the T12 vertebra, concerning for myeloid sarcoma in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia."

Case report • Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Fatigue • Fibrosis • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatology • Immunology • Leukemia • Movement Disorders • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor

Advancing Medulloblastoma Treatment: Molecular Mechanisms, Drug Repurposing, and Precision Therapies. (PubMed, Mol Diagn Ther) - "Drug repurposing offers a promising strategy to accelerate treatment availability by utilizing US Food and Drug Administration-approved agents, including niclosamide, itraconazole, and arsenic trioxide, to target critical oncogenic pathways and overcome therapeutic resistance. Emerging technologies, including nanotechnology-based delivery systems, CRISPR-mediated gene editing, and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies, hold significant potential for transforming medulloblastoma treatment paradigms but require further refinement to address toxicity, off-target effects, and biomarker development. Advancing innovative, less toxic therapeutic strategies through the integration of molecular diagnostics and precision therapies is essential to improving survival outcomes and quality of life for children with medulloblastomas."

Journal • Review • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Medulloblastoma • Oncology • Pediatrics • Solid Tumor

ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN: MOROCCAN EXPERIENCE (CHILDREN HOSPITAL OF RABAT). (SIOP 2025) - "Eleven patients (92%) underwent induction chemotherapy combining cytarabine and daunorubicin, with eight receiving it combined with ATRA. Data from recent studies in adults and children show that ATRA and arsenic trioxide are the most effective agents against APL and should be used in newly diagnosed children to improve prognosis and limit exposure to conventional chemotherapy. In Morocco, despite the unavailability of trioxide arsenic, eight patients survived thanks to a better understanding of therapeutic adaptations and improved supportive care management."

Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Pediatrics

ACHIEVING SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (APL) IN ARMENIA: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES (SIOP 2025) - "Historically, adult patients were treated with the "7 and 3" regimen (ARAC/Daunorubicin) until 2019, with 20 patients succumbing to the disease. Among pediatric patients, those treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) had a relapse rate of 16.6%, while those treated according to the PETHEMA/HOVON protocol achieved a disease-free survival (DFS) of 100%... In conclusion, the adoption of ATRA and ATO represents a revolutionary advancement in APL treatment, particularly when compared to traditional regimens like PETHEMA/HOVON. The remarkable disease-free survival (DFS) rates achieved with ATRA and ATO, especially in pediatric patients, signify a transformative era in APL therapy. This shift underscores the significant progress made in improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes, heralding a new standard of care in APL management"

Retrospective data • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Pediatrics

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ALL TRANS RETINIOC ACID AND ARSENIC TRIOXIDE IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: A SINGLE-CENTER STUDY FROM INDIA (SIOP 2025) - "The treatment included ATO, ATRA with or without chemotherapy. The outcomes for children with APML are highly favourable when treated with ATRA and ATO, even in high risk cases. However, early mortality due to coagulopathy and differentiation syndrome continues to pose a significant challenge, particularly in resource limited settings."

Clinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • CNS Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Leukemia

DO APL PATIENTS TREATED WITH ATO+ATRA ACHIEVE A NORMAL LIFE EXPECTANCY? INSIGHTS FROM THE LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF THE GIMEMA APL0406 TRIAL AND THE REAL-LIFE APL0618 STUDY (SIE 2025) - "The treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) has undergone a paradigm shift with the introduction of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), resulting in significantly improved remission and survival rates. Importantly, the consistency of the SMR across both the randomized clinical trial and the real-life study confirms the effectiveness and safety of this chemotherapy-free regimen, beyond the experimental setting. The real-life data provide robust evidence that ATO+ATRA treatment yields similarly favorable outcomes when applied in everyday clinical practice."

Clinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia

WHEN TREATMENT TURNS TOXIC: THE ROLE OF HEMORRHAGIC COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CHEST 2025) - "The introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has significantly improved survival rates, making APL one of the most treatable forms of AML...Treatment with ATRA and hydroxyurea was initiated for cytoreduction.Within 48 hours, the patient developed dyspnea, tachypnea, and a productive cough displaying a frothy pink appearance...She was started on high-dose intravenous dexamethasone and continuous transfusions... It is essential to understand the difference between the dual hemorrhagic risks of APL, that include DIC presentation or ATRA-induced DAH during treatment for guiding therapy. Timely corticosteroid initiation, vigilant monitoring for respiratory deterioration, and proactive transfusion strategies are key to preventing fatal outcomes. Future research should focus on identifying early biomarkers of DAH risk, optimizing immunomodulatory therapies to prevent endothelial injury during ATRA treatment and risk stratification tools to..."

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Anemia • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Coronary Artery Disease • Cough • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Hypertension • Leukemia • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombocytopenia • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • PML • RARA

Risk factors for DIC in paediatric APL: Insights from the CCLG-APL 2016 study. (PubMed, Br J Haematol) - "Significant differences were observed between the DIC and non-DIC groups in the proportion of patients with initial white blood cells (WBC) ≥5 × 109/L, initial platelets (PLT) ≤26 × 109/L and arsenic trioxide (ATO) use (p < 0.05)...Compared with ATO, RIF is a protective factor during induction therapy. Additionally, FLT3 mutation, PLT ≤26 × 109/L and initial bone marrow blasts ≥90% are independent risk factors for grade 4-5 DIC."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • Pediatrics • FLT3