azithromycin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Enhanced antimycobacterial efficacy of simulated inhaled clofazimine versus oral clofazimine in combination with azithromycin and ethambutol in a hollow-fiber system. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Inhalation of clofazimine with an azithromycin-ethambutol backbone increases treatment efficacy and decreases the development of macrolide resistance compared to oral administration in a hollow-fiber system. This calls for a clinical trial of inhaled clofazimine."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Epidemiological and clinical analysis of 291 children diagnosed with Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia: a 10-year retrospective study in Shijiazhuang, China. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "Antimicrobial therapy included monotherapy with doxycycline (30.58%), azithromycin (23.71%), and erythromycin (11.34%). As the clinical manifestations and routine laboratory markers offer limited diagnostic sensitivity, confirmatory testing is necessary. Our findings support PCR as a valuable diagnostic tool for this purpose."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cough • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Mucositis • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • CRP

Antimicrobial drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) infections in men using doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis. A substudy of the ANRS 174 DOXYVAC trial. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - "DoxyPEP use was associated with a significant increase in high-level tetracycline resistance and decreased susceptibility to cefixime in GC. AMR should therefore be closely monitored when using this strategy."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Occurrence and Seasonal Variation of Pharmaceutical Residues of Emerging Concern in South African Surface Waters. (PubMed, Integr Environ Assess Manag) - "This study investigated the occurrence of four pharmaceutical compounds, namely azithromycin (AZI), prednisolone (m-PRD), prednisone (PRD), and dexamethasone (DEX) in surface waters across eight different sites in the Free State Province, South Africa, during summer and winter 2024. The findings underscore significant seasonal fluctuations in pharmaceutical residue levels, highlighting potential risks to aquatic ecosystems and public health. These results call for targeted monitoring efforts and evidence-based regulatory frameworks to mitigate contamination and guide sustainable water resource management in South Africa."

Journal

Repurposing immunomodulatory drugs targeting microglia for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (PubMed, Brain Res) - "Compounds such as ibudilast, fingolimod, and modafinil have shown encouraging initial clinical results, whereas others were well-tolerated but underpowered or failed to demonstrate efficacy. New candidates, such as azithromycin, naltrexone, montelukast, doxycycline, tofacitinib, quercetin, belinostat, and several kinase inhibitors, have demonstrated positive preclinical results, supporting their advancement toward clinical evaluation...To realize this potential, future studies must include larger cohorts, assess effects across disease stages and patient subgroups, and examine sex differences. This is essential to address patient heterogeneity and improve personalized treatment in ALS."

Journal • Review • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis • CNS Disorders • Inflammation

Surfactant-enriched liposomes to enhance azithromycin efficacy in Chlamydia trachomatis infections. (PubMed, Int J Pharm) - "Finally, the selected LP did not show significant alteration in terms of HeLa cell viability, determining at the same time a slightly enhanced antimicrobial activity against C. trachomatis compared to free AZT. In conclusion, the developed formulations could be proposed as a promising platform for the local treatment of C. trachomatis infections, contributing to the progress in vaginal drug delivery."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Weekly azithromycin for 48 weeks impacts nasopharyngeal microbial prevalence and Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - P3 | "The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes (19F and 23F) and non-vaccine type (15A/F) were most commonly observed in both groups at all time points. Findings suggest that azithromycin reduces nasopharyngeal colonisation of certain bacteria in HCLD during treatment but has no long-lasting effects after treatment cessation.Trial registration: The BREATHE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02426112, registered date: 24/04/2015)."

Clinical • Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Global trends in the proportion of macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium Species: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "These findings underscore the need for targeted, region- and species-specific interventions to combat rising macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium species effectively."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Metabolomics reveals the mechanisms of action of fosfomycin and azithromycin combination in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Fosfomycin-azithromycin combination therapy exerted stronger interference on the metabolic pathways of P. aeruginosa than either drug alone, indicating more substantial metabolic alterations at the cellular level. These findings provide mechanistic insights that may help inform the potential application of combination regimens against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in the clinic."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders

Evaluation and Management of Patient Referred for "Normal Saline Allergy" (ACAAI 2025) - "With recent NS infusion, he developed urticaria, abdominal pain and hypoxia to SpO2 70%, only resolving after epinephrine administration. He also endorses prior anaphylaxis to azithromycin, ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, clindamycin, levofloxacin, and ampicillin/sulbactam...The reproducibility of symptoms with NS and tolerance of other fluids prompted evaluation. Testing identified chlorhexidine as the likely culprit, which poses a logistical challenge as chlorhexidine is a standard component of peripheral intravenous line placement kits."

Clinical • Allergy • Anemia • Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Sickle Cell Disease • Urticaria • Vascular Neurology

Chronic Respiratory Infections And Bronchiectasis: A Case of Specific Antibody Deficiency And Strommen Syndrome (ACAAI 2025) - "Antimicrobial regimens (clofazimine, amikacin, azithromycin, ethambutol, bedaquiline) led to minimal clinical improvement over three years. This expands the immunologic spectrum of STIM1-GOF syndromes, reinforcing the need for multidisciplinary care across pulmonology, infectious disease, genetics, and immunology. Recognition of SAD and early IVIG therapy can improve outcomes, mitigate irreversible lung damage, and potentially lead to less antimicrobial resistance."

Clinical • Bronchiectasis • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Myositis • Pneumonia • Primary Immunodeficiency • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombocytopenia • STIM1

Wrong DRESS Exposes Hidden Guest (ACAAI 2025) - "Case Description A 56-year-old man with CLL on acalabrutinib presented with presumed community-acquired pneumonia and was started on azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanate...High-dose prednisone was initiated for suspected DRESS, resulting in rapid rash resolution and normalization of liver enzymes...Fluconazole was initiated, leading to marked respiratory improvement...Atypical features – early rash, lack of eosinophilia, and rapid steroid response – prompted further investigation. Bronchoscopy and targeted skin biopsy enabled accurate diagnosis and effective antifungal treatment."

Chronic Cough • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia • Cough • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Eosinophilia • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A De Novo NFKBIA Variant Presenting With Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Milder Immunodeficiency. (ACAAI 2025) - "Clinical improvement in her GI symptoms was achieved with infliximab. We have started daily azithromycin prophylaxis...Favorable response to TNF-α blockade suggests a potential therapeutic strategy. VEO-IBD has not been previously reported with this mutation, underscoring the need to explore mechanisms of autoimmunity in atypical EDA-ID."

IO biomarker • Crohn's disease • Dermatology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Rheumatology • NFKBIA

Diagnostic Dilemma: DRESS vs. DILI (ACAAI 2025) - "Case Description A 43-year-old male without significant past medical history presented after a recent hospitalization to the ICU for complicated legionella pneumonia that was trialed on vancomycin, and piperacillin-tazobactam for one day; discontinued, initiated cefepime, azithromycin and prednisone the following day...Given concerns for drug-induced liver injury, antibiotics were transitioned to levofloxacin and linezolid...We suspect azithromycin was the culprit drug based on the timing and previous reports demonstrating similar histopathological findings. In many cases it remains difficult to elucidate the etiology with certainty to support future medication avoidance."

Dermatology • Eosinophilia • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Urticaria

Efficacy and Impact of Prophylactic Compared with Symptomatic Amoxicillin, Azithromycin, or Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Administration on Corynebacterium bovis Infection in NSG Mice (Mus musculus). (PubMed, J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci) - "TMS and azithromycin did not ameliorate C. bovis-associated disease, and their use as therapeutics for C. bovis is not recommended. Untreated C. bovis infection was not life-limiting for up to 24 weeks in NSG mice."

Journal • Preclinical • Dermatopathology • Infectious Disease • PRKDC

Population-Based Viral Antibody Profiles of Preschool Children in Burkina Faso. (PubMed, Am J Trop Med Hyg) - "This exploratory, population-based study used programmable phage immunoprecipitation and sequencing to simultaneously evaluate the antibody response to multiple viruses in dried blood spots from 251 children aged 12 to 59 months who were previously enrolled in the Community Health with Azithromycin Treatment trial conducted in Burkina Faso from 2019 to 2023...Although an association was observed between sero-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 and age, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 did not appear to alter the antibody response of preschool children in Burkina Faso to RSV or poliovirus vaccine uptake. Longitudinal studies in other at-risk populations in sub-Saharan Africa may improve mechanistic understanding and preventive strategies to decrease childhood morbidity."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

Nocardia Infection Presented as Intramuscular Abscess in a Kidney Transplant Recipient: Case Report and Literature Review. (PubMed, Case Rep Nephrol) - "Treatment was changed to 6 months of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin due to intolerance to TMP-SMX which resulted in a good clinical response and no recurrence for 3 years. Of key note, carbapenem resistance has been recently described in N. pseudobrasiliensis. This development should be considered when initiating antimicrobial therapy to ensure good patient response to treatment."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Shigella Spp. and Assessed Their Pathogenic Potential Using the Caenorhabditis elegans Infection Model Associated with Acute Diarrheal Patients in Tangail, Bangladesh. (PubMed, Foodborne Pathog Dis) - "Shigella dysenteriae was resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, and nalidixic acid, while Shigella boydii showed resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and nalidixic acid. However, no resistance was observed to azithromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin...This study highlights the importance of regular surveillance of Shigella prevalence and AMR patterns in Bangladesh. Furthermore, exploring genomic epidemiology and alternative treatments for Shigella infections is crucial in combating its spread and resistance in Bangladesh."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens in a department of hematology/oncology of tertiary university hospital (DGHO 2025) - "However, the use of penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors, 3rd generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem, vancomycin and azithromycin increased...In the hem/onc clinic increased rates of resistance of 3MRGN P. aeruginosa to meropenem (2019-2021: 38%, 57%, 100%) and of 3MRGN E. coli to piperacillin/tazobactam (2019-2021: 53%, 68%, 77%) were observed. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic antibiotic use and MRGN prevalence was significancy reduced in the hem/onc clinic but not in the university hospital as a whole. This could be the result of stricter hygiene measures and decreased inpatient treatments since the pandemic's start."

Clinical • Gram negative • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Antibiotic consumption and prevalence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens during the first two years of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic 2020/2021 in a Tertiary Care University Hospital and its department of hematology and oncology (DGHO 2025) - "However, the use of penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors, 3rd generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem, vancomycin and azithromycin increased.In the pandemic´s first year (2020), the proportion of 3- and 4MRGN remained unchanged overall compared to 2019...Additionally, more 3MRGN E. coli with piperacillin/tazobactam resistance (2019: 53%, 2020: 68%, 2021: 77%) were observed. In contrast, the rate of gentamicin resistant isolates declined, notably in 3MRGN E. coli (2019: 47%, 2020: 32%, 2021: 23%) and 4MRGN K. pneumoniae (2019/20: 95%, 2021: 81%). The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly impacted on antibiotic consumption and MRGN prevalence. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly impacted on antibiotic consumption and MRGN prevalence. Increased use of certain antibiotics is consistent with the increased incidence of pneumonia (bacterial superinfections) and nosocomial infections during the pandemic. Strict hygiene measures and decreased hospitalisation..."

Clinical • Gram negative • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

"Sutimlimab as a Bridge to Recovery in a Life-Threatening Case of Secondary Cold Agglutinin Syndrome" (DGHO 2025) - "The patient subsequently received azithromycin. The patient is currently under active surveillance with regular laboratory follow-up, and after 4 months there have been no indications of relapse. Supportive care and treatment of the underlying trigger is the standard of care for secondary CAS. Although spontaneous improvement cannot be completely excluded, the rapid clinical response strongly suggests that Sutimlimab was effective in halting intravascular hemolysis, preventing further organ dysfunction, and facilitating the patient's recovery."

Clinical • Anemia • Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia • Complement-mediated Rare Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • HP

Scrub Typhus-Associated Acute Pancreatitis: A Comprehensive Review and New Case Series. (PubMed, Am J Trop Med Hyg) - "Most patients received doxycycline or azithromycin along with supportive care. Clinicians in endemic regions should consider pancreatitis in the differential diagnoses when evaluating scrub typhus patients with abdominal symptoms or systemic inflammation. Prompt recognition and timely, aggressive management may improve survival and reduce complications in affected patients."

Journal • Critical care • Hematological Disorders • Inflammation • Pain • Pancreatitis • Thrombocytopenia

Cardiac Tamponade in Disguise: Purulent Pericarditis as a Deadly Turn in Pneumococcal Sepsis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Empiric antibiotic therapy was initiated with ceftriaxone and azithromycin. As transthoracic echocardiography showed pericardial effusion and due to signs of myopericarditis, colchicine and lysine acetylsalicylate were added to the treatment...In the presence of bacteremia and pericardial effusion, echocardiographic monitoring is crucial, as even small effusions can rapidly progress to tamponade. Prompt drainage, adequate antimicrobial therapy, and multidisciplinary care are key to successful outcomes."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Revisiting acute chest syndrome (ACS) associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) vaso-occlusive pain episodes (VOE): Insight from a prospective, multicenter Phase-3 randomized controlled trial (ASH 2025) - P3 | "ACSseverity was defined a priori as mild (no oxygen (O2) use or RBC transfusion), moderate (O2 use ortransfusion), or severe (bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) use, intubation, or pediatric intensive careunit (PICU) transfer). 271 patients enrolled (median age 15[11,18] years, 51% male; 74% HbSS/Sb°; 76% onHydroxyurea (HU)...Across all sites, 96% of patients receivedantibiotics (50% ceftriaxone, 28% ampicillin-sulbactam, 7% vancomycin, 11% other) and 82% receivedazithromycin. Site-level use ranged from 0-100% for ceftriaxone and 50-100% for azithromycin... ACS remains common in patients with SCD-VOE (20%), with 14% of ACS diagnosed duringtheir hospital stay. Two-thirds of subjects who developed ACS had a CXR done in the ED that wasnegative. ACS may have been missed in patients who did not get a CXR, and radiographic changes oftenlag behind symptoms."

Clinical • P3 data • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Pain • Pediatrics • Respiratory Diseases • Sickle Cell Disease

A Rare Case of Hepatitis B Reactivation in a Patient Treated With Regorafenib for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Case Report (ACG 2025) - "She was started on azithromycin, ethambutol, and rifampin...Tenofovir was initiated but discontinued due to Fanconi syndrome; she was transitioned to entecavir...This case underscores the importance of routine HBV screening and prophylaxis prior to initiating immunosuppressive or targeted cancer therapies. Early identification and management of HBV reactivation are crucial to prevent life-threatening hepatic complications.Figure: HBV Viral Load Timeline"

Case report • Clinical • Stroma • Breast Cancer • Cough • Fibrosis • Gastrointestinal Cancer • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Nephrology • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor