acetylcysteine solution / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Beyond the dose: unmasking 'therapeutic' paracetamol toxicity in a chronic alcohol user with severe acidosis-a case report. (PubMed, AME Case Rep) - "Intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was started, but the patient deteriorated rapidly and succumbed on day 2. The findings underscore the call for more nuanced guidelines and further research to determine appropriate dose thresholds and monitoring strategies for alcohol-dependent individuals. By harmonising these divergent clinical stances, patient safety can be enhanced through tailored, vigilant practice."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Cardiovascular • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Pulmonary Disease • Transplantation

A novel multimodal pharmacologic approach using guanfacine, N-acetylcysteine, and donepezil in severe TBI: a case series. (PubMed, Front Rehabil Sci) - "The encouraging outcomes observed in this case series underscore the potential of the GND regimen as a multimodal pharmacologic approach to target the complex neurochemical disruptions following TBI. These preliminary findings warrant further investigation in larger, placebo-controlled trials in order to more rigorously assess the safety, efficacy, and translational potential of this intervention for mitigating chronic cognitive sequelae in individuals with moderate to severe TBI."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Alzheimer's Disease • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Dementia • Psychiatry • Vascular Neurology

Modulation of lncRNAs and oxidative stress related genes by N-acetylcysteine and S-methylcysteine in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease. (PubMed, Biochem Biophys Rep) - "The interaction network highlights Nrf2 as a central regulator of antioxidant genes, modulated by specific lncRNAs. Findings support the neuroprotective role of N-acetylcysteine, S-methylcysteine through activation of the Nrf2/Ho-1 pathway, modulation of long non-coding RNAs, and oxidative stress improvement in Parkinson's disease."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • CAT • GAS5 • MALAT1 • NEAT1

NADH Mimic-Decorated Coordination Capsules for Biomimetic Capture of NO and Electrocatalytic Reduction to NH3. (PubMed, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl) - "Herein, a biomimetic NO capture-activation-conversion strategy was firstly formulated by encapsulating N-acetylcysteine (NAC) within a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) mimic-containing coordination capsule, enabling efficiently NH3 electrosynthesis...Subsequently, the cobalt-based coordination capsule consecutively reserved e- from cathode while donating 2e- to the NAD+ mimic simultaneously for active cofactor recovered and recycle. This coordination capsule-mediated biomimetic system exhibited enzymatic kinetics following the Michaelis-Menten mechanism in the electrochemical NO reduction and realized almost 100% Faraday efficiency at potentials below -0.2 VRHE with a substantial NH3 yield rate of 121.6 µmol·h-1·cm-2 at -0.3 VRHE, ranking among the optimal electrocatalytic NO performance ever achieved, offering an attractive avenue toward renewable electricity-driven nitrogen fixation exploiting bioinspired artificial catalyst."

Journal

Tannin-Mediated Ischemia-Homing-Angiogenesis Nanodots (IHAND) for Synergistic Angiogenesis and Heart Failure Prevention Post-Myocardial Infarction. (PubMed, Adv Mater) - "Accordingly, IHAND can target VECs and macrophages in MI tissues, alleviate proliferation and migration disorders of VECs, induce phenotypic transformation of macrophages in early stages of MI, significantly reduce the storm of inflammatory factors, and promote the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). IHAND demonstrates strong angiogenic ability in MI, and its therapeutic effect is remarkably superior to that of N-acetylcysteine and canakinumab."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Inflammation • Myocardial Infarction • CD31 • PECAM1

Successful long-term high-dose N-Acetylcysteine therapy in a patient with transient infantile liver failure due to TRMU gene mutations (SSIEM 2023) - No abstract available

Clinical • Hepatology • Liver Failure

In vitro beneficial effects of N-acetylcysteine and Coenzyme Q10 in Niemann-Pick type C patient-derived fibroblasts (SSIEM 2023) - No abstract available

Preclinical

Nanoparticulated β-Cyclodextrin improves cholesterol accumulation and mitochondrial function in Niemann-Pick type C disease (SSIEM 2023) - " Considering the above, the present work evaluated the in vitro therapeutic potential of nanoparticulated β-CD to reduce cholesterol and improve mitochondrial function in fibroblasts from NPC1 patients, as well as the beneficial combined effects of treatment with antioxidants N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)... The combined use of β-CD loaded nanoparticles and antioxidants seems to be a promising therapy for NPC1 disease."

Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Lysosomal Storage Diseases • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry • NPC1

Molecular hydrogen mitigates acetaminophen-induced liver injury and enhances the effects of N-acetylcysteine in diabetic mice. (PubMed, J Nutr Biochem) - "This synergistic effect may result from differences in the mechanisms by which NAC and H₂ influence FGF21 expression and mitochondrial oxidative stress. The combination of H₂ and NAC may offer an improved therapeutic strategy for treating APAP-induced liver injury in diabetic patients."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • FGF21 • MAPK8

Combination of Prolonged Water Fasting with a GLP-1 Agonist for Refractory Premortem Obesity (OBESITY WEEK 2025) - "His only complication during the fast was a mild transaminitis, which was treated with N-acetylcysteine and improved after the fast was completed. This case report demonstrates that the combination of prolonged water fasting and a GLP-1 agonist is a safe and effective treatment for refractory morbid obesity, and resulted in a successful bridge to bariatric surgery as well as the improvement of multiple chronic diseases including hypertension, insulin resistance, anemia, depression, and diastolic heart failure. Given that the fast was ended due to a decision to pursue bariatric surgery rather than intolerance of the fast, further research into longer water fasting periods could be considered."

Anemia • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Depression • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Major Depressive Disorder • Obesity • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases

Caveolin-1 Drives Ferroptosis in MDSCs via PKA-DRP1-Mediated ER‒mitochondria Crosstalk to Shape Breast Cancer Immunosuppression. (PubMed, Free Radic Biol Med) - "Tumor-derived Cav-1 promotes ROS-dependent ferroptosis in MDSCs via PKA-DRP1-mediated ER-mitochondrial crosstalk, causing the release of oxidized phosphatidylcholines that suppress T-cell function and promote an immunosuppressive TME. Targeting this axis may improve the response of breast cancer patients to immunotherapy."

IO biomarker • Journal • Breast Cancer • Hematological Malignancies • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CAV1 • CXCL1 • GPX4 • HMOX1 • HSPA5 • HSPA9 • IL10 • IL6 • SLC7A11 • VDAC1

N-acetyl-l-cysteine ethyl ester (NACET) induces the transcription factor NRF2 and prevents retinal aging and diabetic retinopathy. (PubMed, Redox Biol) - "In this study, we showed that N-acetylcysteine ethyl ester (NACET) not only increases intracellular cysteine and glutathione levels, but also strongly stimulates the expression and activity of the transcription factor NRF2, a master regulator of oxidative stress response, in RPE cells...Furthermore, we demonstrated that oral administration of NACET induces NRF2 activity in the retina in vivo, attenuates retinal aging hallmarks, and prevents diabetes-induced retinal neurodegeneration in mouse models. These results position NACET as a promising therapeutic candidate for age- and oxidative stress-related retinal diseases such as AMD and DR."

Journal • Age-related Macular Degeneration • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Diabetic Retinopathy • Macular Degeneration • Metabolic Disorders • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • KEAP1

Posttranslational modifications in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric pathogenesis: Bridging inflammation and carcinogenesis. (PubMed, Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer) - "Understanding these mechanisms provides crucial insights for the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers; methylation profiles; anti-citrullinate keratin 1 (Cit-K1) antibodies, maps of PTM dynamics; targeted therapeutic strategies, including PTM enzyme inhibitors, antivirulence agents such as H. pylori disulfide bond-forming protein A inhibitors, epigenetic modulators, glycoconjugate vaccines/adhesion blockers, and optimized drug delivery systems such as N-acetylcysteine liposomes. Furthermore, this knowledge supports improved risk stratification for managing persistent cancer risk even after eradication."

Journal • Review • Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma • Gastric Adenocarcinoma • Gastric Cancer • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Lymphoma • Marginal Zone Lymphoma • Oncology • Peptic Ulcer • Solid Tumor • Targeted Protein Degradation • KRT1

Selective Induction of Apoptosis in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Pristimerin Through Dual PI3K/AKT Pathway Inhibition and ROS Generation. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Notably, ROS scavenging with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abrogated Prist-induced apoptosis, highlighting ROS as a critical mediator of its cytotoxicity...Importantly, Prist inhibited the proliferation and AKT phosphorylation in activated primary human T cells but spared resting T cells, indicating selective cytotoxicity. These findings establish Prist as a promising therapeutic candidate for T-ALL through the selective targeting of PI3K/AKT-driven survival signaling."

Journal • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia • T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma • XIAP

Investigation of augmentin-induced hepatobiliary damage and its modulation by N-acetylcysteine in male rats. (PubMed, Open Vet J) - "It also protected the liver structure. These findings suggest that NAC is a useful supplement for preventing drug-induced liver injury."

Journal • Preclinical • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Oncology • Sinusitis • TNFA

Ameliorative Effects of Tribulus Terrestris (Qutayb) Extracts Against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats. (PubMed, Int J Nephrol) - "Group 9 was administered 200 mg/kg of intraperitoneal N-acetylcysteine. Additional studies are necessary to investigate how EETT's dose-response curve affects its ability to treat kidney damage induced by gentamicin in rats. Conversely, various doses of AETT failed to show a protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity."

Journal • Preclinical • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Effects of histidine and N-acetylcysteine on acute kidney injury induced by doxorubicin in rats: roles of anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. (PubMed, Vet Res Forum) - "The restoring effects of the combined treatment were more prominent than the effect of amino acids alone. It was concluded that anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms might be related to the tissue protective effects of HIS and NAC against DOX-induced acute renal injury."

Journal • Preclinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Hematological Disorders • Nephrology • Oncology • Renal Disease • CASP3 • TNFA

N-acetylcysteine induced lactate reprogramming is a targetable metabolic susceptibility in glioblastoma. (WFNOS 2025) - "To test the effects of lowering lactate levels on NAC-induced cytotoxicity, we treated glioma cells with the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA)...Blocking lactate import/export via inhibition of MCT transporters (AZD3965 and Syrosingopine) significantly enhances NAC-induced cytotoxicity...Our data suggests that lactate reprogramming is a targetable susceptibility of NAC treatment. The unique sensitivity of GBM towards NAC and its dependence on lactate as an oncometabolite governing metabolic resistance might open a novel druggable pathway for treating both IDHwt and IDHmut gliomas."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioma • Solid Tumor • LDHA

Inhibition of pentose phosphate pathway sensitized gliomas to temozolomide (WFNOS 2025) - "The addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, attenuated the combined antitumor effect, supporting the role of oxidative stress in mediating the observed synergy. These findings suggest that inhibition of PPP can sensitize glioma cells to TMZ via ROS-mediated mechanisms, including ferroptosis. Targeting metabolic pathways such as the PPP may offer a promising approach to augment the therapeutic effects of TMZ in glioblastoma treatment."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioma • Solid Tumor

N-acetylcysteine induced lactate reprogramming is a targetable metabolic susceptibility in glioblastoma. (WFNOS 2025) - "To test the effects of lowering lactate levels on NAC-induced cytotoxicity, we treated glioma cells with the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA)...Blocking lactate import/export via inhibition of MCT transporters (AZD3965 and Syrosingopine) significantly enhances NAC-induced cytotoxicity...Our data suggests that lactate reprogramming is a targetable susceptibility of NAC treatment. The unique sensitivity of GBM towards NAC and its dependence on lactate as an oncometabolite governing metabolic resistance might open a novel druggable pathway for treating both IDHwt and IDHmut gliomas."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioma • Solid Tumor • LDHA

Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine in preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, BMC Gastroenterol) - "While NAC shows promise in reducing the incidence of PEP, the current evidence does not support its routine use as a prophylactic agent. Further research is warranted to clarify its role and optimize preventive strategies for PEP."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Pancreatitis

Heat stress-induced mitochondrial damage and its impact on leukocyte function. (PubMed, J Intensive Care) - "Therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving mitochondrial function include antioxidants (e.g., N-acetylcysteine and MitoQ), mitochondrial biogenesis inducers (e.g., PGC-1α activators), and mitophagy enhancers. Understanding the central role of leukocyte mitochondrial damage in heat stress provides a foundation for the development of targeted diagnostics and interventions to prevent organ failure and improve clinical outcomes."

Journal • Review • Acute Kidney Injury • Acute Lung Injury • Cardiovascular • Developmental Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

A Study of N-Acetylcysteine (N-AC) in People Receiving CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=9 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Oct 2025 ➔ Oct 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2025 ➔ Oct 2026

Biomarker • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • Oncology

Adaptive rebalancing of ROS composition averts LSD1 inhibitor–induced oxidative stress in AML (ASH 2025) - "Importantly, ATRA's efficacy enhances significantly when combined with arsenictrioxide (ATO), which elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of reactive oxygen-containingmolecules including superoxide anions that collectively contribute to oxidative stress.To examine the role of ROS during LSD1 inhibition, we treated primary patient-derived AML samples andcell lines with LSD1i (GSK-LSD1) and monitored ROS dynamics using selective intracellular biosensors andROS type-specific fluorescent probes...Notably, scavenging ROSwith N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly impairs differentiation, indicating that ROS plays a critical role inmediating the pro-differentiation effects of LSD1i. To validate that LSD1 regulates ROS, we developed amurine leukemogenic model by transducing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) fromLsd1fl/fl conditional knockout mice with the MLL-AF9 oncogene and tamoxifen-inducible Crerecombinase...Rather than decreasing overall ROS..."

Oxidative stress • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • CYBB • KDM1A • MPO

KMT2A::AF6 fusion protein localizes to PML nuclear bodies and undergoes ATO-induced degradation: A potential novel therapeutic approach for KMT2A::AF6-rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia (ASH 2025) - "Given that PML and its client proteins undergo proteasomal degradation upon arsenic trioxide(ATO) treatment via SUMO-dependent ubiquitination, we tested whether KMT2A::AF6 protein follows asimilar fate...Blocking the proteasomewith MG132 prevented this degradation, confirming that KMT2A::AF6, as well as PML, is degraded via theSUMO–ubiquitin–proteasome axis...This effect was partially reversed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting a ROS-dependent mechanism, described to be the very first step by which ATO drives PML proteasomal-mediated degradation. Moreover, ATO treatment induced myeloid differentiation both in vitro and in exvivo patient-derived cells (PDXs), supporting a transcriptional change at support of a targeted KMT2A:.AF6fusion protein degradation mechanism.In vivo, ATO monotherapy (8 mg/kg) moderately delayed disease progression in KMT2A::AF6 PDX models,while its combination with low-dose cytarabine (20 mg/kg) significantly reduced leukemic burden andprolonged..."

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Pediatrics • Targeted Protein Degradation • HOXA10 • HOXA11 • HOXA9 • KMT2A • RARA