acetylcysteine solution / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Erratum. (PubMed, Kidney Blood Press Res) - "[65] (2021)RCT: 130 patients undergoing coronary angiographyTwo groups: 67 received N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 63 received omega-3 fatty acid before interventionNAC group older with higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia, omega-3 group uses more ACEi/ARBs. Rates of contrast-induced nephropathy, kidney replacement therapy, in-hospital death, MI/stroke, and length of stay significantly not different between treatmentsOmega-3 fatty acids no beneficial effects on contrast-induced nephropathy."

Clinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Critical care • Dermatology • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis • Genetic Disorders • Glomerulonephritis • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Nephrology • Obesity • Pediatrics • Pruritus • Renal Disease • Septic Shock • Transplantation • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • APOA5 • IL10 • IL6R • TNFA

Median Canaliform Nail Dystrophy of Heller as a Manifestation of Body-Focused Repetitive Behavior: Therapeutic Response to N-Acetylcysteine (EADV 2026) - "Treatment consisted of oral N-acetylcysteine at a dose of 600 mg/day combined with behavioral counseling and the use of bitter nail lacquer to discourage manipulation. Early identification of behavioral triggers allows targeted multidisciplinary management and may prevent unnecessary antifungal or invasive treatments. Combined pharmacologic and behavioral therapy may represent an effective strategy for long-term clinical improvement."

Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Mood Disorders

Neonatal-onset Mitchell syndrome with ACOX1 gain-of-function and a de novo ROBO1 variant: expanding the phenotypic spectrum and supporting a potential oligogenic model (EADV 2026) - "Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse symmetric periventricular and subcortical leukoencephalopathy.Metabolic evaluation revealed elevated dicarboxylic acids and medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines, with normal very-long-chain fatty acids, suggesting a pseudo–multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency profile.Trio whole-exome sequencing identified two heterozygous de novo variants: ACOX1 c.710A>G (p.Asn237Ser), consistent with Mitchell syndrome, and ROBO1 c.572delG (p.Cys191fs).Cutaneous lesions progressively resolved with topical N-acetylcysteine and emollients, in combination with systemic antioxidant therapy, whereas neurological impairment persisted...This case expands the clinical spectrum of the disease to neonatal onset and supports a potential role of additional genetic variants as phenotypic modifiers. Early genomic diagnosis is essential, and prompt antioxidant-based interventions may improve cutaneous manifestations, although neurological..."

CNS Disorders • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Epilepsy • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Ophthalmology • Seborrheic Dermatitis • ACOX1

Wearable Shadows: Delayed Hypersensitivity to Transdermal and Smart Devices: A Systematic Review (EADV 2026) - "Emerging prophylactic strategies, including N-acetylcysteine–lysine–enriched hydrogels, show potential for modulating early sensitization pathways...By championing evidence-based algorithms and fostering collaboration between dermatology, biomedical engineering, and regulatory science, our specialty can transform device-related dermatitis from an emerging adverse event into a model for precision prevention in digital health. This translational approach not only safeguards patient adherence to essential monitoring technologies but also positions dermatology as a key steward of safe innovation in personalized medicine."

Review • Atopic Dermatitis • Contact Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Diabetes • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders

Haloperidol Triggers RAW264.7 Macrophages Injury through Oxidative Stress-Driven Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Genomic Instability, and Apoptotic Cell Death. (PubMed, Int J Med Sci) - "N-acetylcysteine (NAC)-based pharmacological rescue was further performed to assess the involvement of ROS in haloperidol-induced cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS generation, and caspase-3 activity. The present study demonstrates that haloperidol induces cytotoxicity and DNA damage in macrophages through oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways under high-exposure in vitro conditions. These findings identify macrophages as a potential target of haloperidol toxicity and highlight the importance of considering immune-related effects in safety evaluation."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • ANXA5 • CASP3 • CASP8 • CASP9

Peroxiredoxin II as a metabolic gatekeeper against aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic steatosis: restoration of PPARα/γ balance via mitochondrial ROS scavenging. (PubMed, Mycotoxin Res) - "Pharmacological ROS scavenging with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) recapitulated the protective effects of Prx II overexpression, supporting ROS as an upstream contributor to AFB1-induced steatosis. These findings define a Prx II-ROS-PPARα/γ regulatory axis that mitigates AFB1-induced hepatic steatosis by scavenging mitochondrial ROS, preserving PPARα-dependent fatty acid oxidation, and dampening lipogenic signaling. Prx II emerges as a promising candidate biomarker and therapeutic target for aflatoxin-associated metabolic liver disease, with significant implications for food-safety risk assessment and intervention strategies in AFB1-endemic regions."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Hepatology • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • PPARA • PPARG

Desulfinylation of the deubiquitinase USP7 by SRXN1 attenuates oxidative acute liver injury. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) - "Delayed lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery of SRXN1 messenger RNA (mRNA) mitigated established APAP-induced liver injury beyond the therapeutic window of N-acetylcysteine. These findings define an SRXN1-USP7-HO-1 axis as a promising therapeutic target for oxidative liver injury and highlight LNP-mediated SRXN1 mRNA delivery as a potential treatment approach."

Journal • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Targeted Protein Degradation • HMOX1 • USP7

IronMan: Combination Therapy of Deferiprone and N-Acetylcysteine for Treating Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=80 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Amit Lotan | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Characterizing Synergistic Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Nanoplastic Pollution and Diabetes Using [ 18 F]F-FAPI-42 PET/CT as a Public Safety Nuclear Medicine Tool (EANM 2026) - "A 12-week intervention assessed myocardial fibrosis progression and the therapeutic efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC)... Nanoplastic exposure synergistically accelerates diabetic myocardial fibrosis, a process precisely characterized by [18F]F-FAPI-42 PET/CT. This study provides initial evidence supporting a Public Safety Nuclear Medicine framework, in which molecular imaging extends from individual diagnostics to the quantitative risk assessment of large-scale environmental-pathological threats. This approach offers a robust methodological foundation for protecting vulnerable cohorts and guiding public health policy through time-resolved molecular evidence."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • FAP • SMAD3 • TGFB1

Acrodynia and CASPR2 Autoimmunity in Elemental Mercury Toxicity. (PubMed, J Med Toxicol) - "A lumbar puncture was performed, additional chelation with N-acetylcysteine was administered, and an autoimmune encephalitis panel was sent to a reference laboratory...After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, high-dose methylprednisolone, and oral prednisolone, her mental status gradually improved and returned to baseline over the next several weeks. CASPR2-IgG autoimmune encephalitis is a rare complication of elemental mercury intoxication, characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms that persist despite traditional chelation treatment and systemic clearance of mercury. Treatment of affected patients may involve the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose corticosteroids."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cough • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • CNTN

N-acetylcysteine restores osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by attenuating HIF-1α-driven oxidative stress and glycolytic reprogramming. (PubMed, J Dent Sci) - "Cells were treated with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), or the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. HIF-1α stabilization suppresses hPDLSC osteogenesis by inducing both oxidative stress and pathological glycolytic reprogramming. Targeted antioxidant intervention effectively mitigates these impairments, highlighting the ROS/PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α axis as a key link between redox imbalance and metabolic dysfunction, and suggesting a potential therapeutic target for periodontal regeneration."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Periodontitis • HIF1A • RUNX2 • SLC2A1

Trimethylamine N-oxide, a Gut Microbiota Metabolite, Promotes Diabetes-Mediated Erectile Dysfunction via a PANoptotic-Like Process Involving Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis in CCSMCs. (PubMed, Andrology) - "Gut microbiota dysbiosis in T1DMED rats was associated with elevated serum TMAO, and TMAO triggered a PANoptotic-like process in CCSMCs via PI3K/Akt activation, thereby contributing to the progression of DMED."

Journal • Diabetes • Erectile Dysfunction • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • CASP3 • CASP8 • NOS3

A Double-Edged Sphere: When Yttrium-90 Leads to Radioembolization-Induced Liver Disease (ACG 2026) - "Two months prior, he underwent two sessions of Y-90 radioembolization spaced two months apart, followed by approximately one month of fruquintinib therapy...The patient received vitamin K and N-acetylcysteine, but bilirubin did not improve...Defibrotide was considered for the overlapping REILD and VOD/SOS picture but was deferred due to limited evidence outside stem cell transplant populations and a high bleeding potential, with risks outweighing benefits...Serial changes in liver function tests reflecting progressive hepatic synthetic dysfunction following Y-90 radioembolization Figure: Graph 2. Progressive changes in hepatic biochemical markers during inpatient management"

CNS Disorders • Colorectal Cancer • Hepatic Encephalopathy • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Cancer • Liver Failure • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor

Epigallocatechin Gallate Modulates the Cellular Response to Doxorubicin in HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells. (PubMed, Biomolecules) - "Complementary assays evaluated membrane integrity, wound closure, apoptosis, cell-cycle distribution, intracellular DCF-associated fluorescence with or without N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment, caspase-3 immunoreactivity, and EGFR, FOXP3, CASP3, and CASP7 mRNA expression. Overall, EGCG and DOX exhibited synergistic interactions and multiple treatment-associated cellular and transcriptional responses in HeLa cells under the present in vitro conditions. These findings do not establish cancer-specific selectivity or a definitive molecular mechanism but provide a basis for validation in additional cervical cancer models and at clinically relevant exposures."

Journal • Cervical Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CASP3 • CASP7 • EGFR • FOXP3

Effects of the Supplementation of N-acetylcysteine on Redox Imbalance, Cytokine Levels, and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - " NAC supplementation did not impact the mode of delivery between the NAC and placebo groups. As a secondary exploratory finding, a possible trend toward prolonged gestational age was observed in the NAC group; however, this result should be interpreted with caution, given the exploratory nature of the analysis, the neutrality of the primary outcome, and the limited sample size."

Journal • Gynecology • Obstetrics

Oxidative Stress as a Pathophysiological Core of Obesity: Preclinical Evidence for Antioxidant-Based Therapy Strategies. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "This review synthesizes preclinical evidence for diverse interventions, including vitamins A, B, C, E, and D; minerals such as zinc and selenium; amino acids such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), L-carnitine, and taurine; various antioxidant compounds; and approved drugs including metformin, exenatide, fenofibrate, and orlistat. Despite differing structures and mechanisms, these interventions converge on restoring redox balance by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), increasing glutathione, and stabilizing mitochondria. However, translation of these preclinical findings into clinical practice requires further clarification of dosing, delivery methods, and long-term safety."

Journal • Preclinical • Review • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • AMPK • CAT

Development and Evaluation of a Novel Inhalable Liposomal Powder Co-Encapsulating ASSNAC and Pirfenidone via Spray Freeze-Drying for Targeted Pulmonary Fibrosis Therapy. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "S-Allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) has been demonstrated to possess significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Pulmonary administration avoids oral pirfenidone-induced liver and stomach toxicity. Collectively, the ASSNAC + PFD co-encapsulated liposomal dry powder produced by SFD represents a safe and efficacious therapeutic strategy for PF."

Journal • Fibrosis • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • TGFB1

The Oxidative-Mitochondrial-Inflammatory Axis in Retinitis Pigmentosa: Extracellular mtDNA as Biomarker and Therapeutic Read-Out. (PubMed, Antioxidants (Basel)) - "In this review we appraise oxidative biomarkers in RP, propose extracellular mtDNA as a candidate biomarker of disease activity, and examine antioxidant and redox-modulating therapies-from N-acetylcysteine and elamipretide trials to DAMP-sensor inhibition-across experimental and clinical models. Finally, we propose extracellular mtDNA as a candidate pharmacodynamic endpoint and outline a path toward its validation."

Biomarker • Journal • Review • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Inherited Retinal Dystrophy • Metabolic Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Retinitis Pigmentosa • NLRP3 • STING • TLR9

N-Acetylcysteine as a Bacterial Antibiofilm Adjuvant: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations and Clinical Translation. (PubMed, Life (Basel)) - "The main limitations (pH dependence, instability, low oral bioavailability) are critically evaluated, and approaches to overcoming them using nanoparticles, hydrogels, and combinations with propolis or chitosan are proposed. The review is intended for researchers in antimicrobial chemotherapy and developers of new drug delivery systems."

Journal • Review • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Nephrology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sinusitis

N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Amikacin-Induced Biochemical, Inflammatory, and Histopathological Alterations in Mice. (PubMed, Biology (Basel)) - "Importantly, the histopathological assays on renal and cerebral cortex showed NAC caused improvements, with well-shaped tissues, attenuating the cortical histopathological alterations observed in animals treated with amikacin. These findings suggest that NAC may have the potential to attenuate certain biochemical, inflammatory, and histopathological alterations associated with high-dose amikacin exposure."

Journal • Preclinical • Inflammation • CCL11 • CXCL10 • IL18 • IL22 • IL6

Modulation of Caffeine-Induced Behavioral Alterations by N-Acetylcysteine in a Pharmacological Challenge Model. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - " Acute caffeine exposure produces behavioral alterations and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity in adult zebrafish. NAC partially attenuates these effects, particularly hyperlocomotion, anxiety-like behavior, and aggression-like responses, while showing more limited effects on caffeine-induced social alterations."

Journal • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Superior Gastric Mucosal Visualization With Papain Premedication Before Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Study (ACG 2026) - "Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of papain as premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy compared with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) plus simethicone and simethicone alone... Buffered papain plus simethicone achieved significantly better mucosal visibility compared with NAC plus simethicone and simethicone alone (TMV: 4.7±1.5 vs 5.7±1.7 vs 5.9±2.1; p=0.001). Patients receiving papain required less water irrigation during endoscopy (0.5±0.9 vs 1.1±1.3 vs 1.5±1.7; p=0.005) and had shorter examination duration (0.6±0.9 vs 1.2±1.11 vs 1.1±1.23; p=0.025). In 71% of patients in the papain group, no additional mucosal washing was necessary."

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Unmasking a Hidden Culprit: Acute Liver Injury Following Angiogram (ACG 2026) - "Persistent elevation prompted N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment with resolution of transaminases...Figure: Chart 1. Lab values over the course of 8 days"

Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Gastroenterology • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Thrombosis

Hit and Run Hepatitis: Norovirus as a Potential Trigger for Seronegative Autoimmune Hepatitis (ACG 2026) - "Despite N-acetylcysteine, empiric antibiotics, and vitamin K, LFTs uptrended, and patient was transferred to liver transplant center...She was then transitioned to oral prednisone and discharged...Azithromycin induced liver injury was unlikely, as enzyme elevations occurred before its administration. Altogether, this case identifies norovirus as a potential AIH trigger and underscores the value of liver biopsy in seronegative cases."

Autoimmune Hepatitis • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CD8

Kratom-Induced Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI), Presenting With a Mixed Hepatocellular-Cholestatic Pattern and Mimicking Acute Cholecystitis (ACG 2026) - "Patient received N-acetylcysteine with gradual improvement of liver enzymes before discharge...This case demonstrates that kratom-associated DILI can produce convincing hepatobiliary imaging abnormalities and mimic surgical biliary disease, potentially leading to invasive intervention before diagnosis is recognized. Figure: Liver biopsy Figure: Liver biopsy"

Back Pain • Cholestasis • CNS Disorders • Depression • Fibrosis • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Leukopenia • Liver Failure • Musculoskeletal Pain • Obesity • Thrombocytopenia