Adlyxin (lixisenatide) / Zealand Pharma, Sanofi, Royalty - LARVOL DELTA

Comparative Risk of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) Among Patients Using GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Real-World Analysis Using TriNetX (ACG 2025) - "Intermediate risks were observed for exenatide (0.048%), dulaglutide (0.047%), liraglutide (0.055%), and lixisenatide (0.073%)... A total of 2,305,630 patients were analyzed. The incidence of SIBO varied across the different GLP-1 receptor agonist agents. Albiglutide demonstrated the highest risk (0.156%), while tirzepatide showed the lowest (0.022%)."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders

Comparative Risk of Pancreatic Pseudocyst Among Users of GLP-1 RAs: Findings From a Large-Scale EHR-Based Study (ACG 2025) - "Adult patients 18- 90 years with at least 6 months of GLP-1 RA exposure prescribed for diabetes, obesity, PCOS, metabolic syndrome or weight loss... Among 2,666,800 patients, the overall risk of developing a pancreatic pseudocyst was low, with notable variation by specific medication. Tirzepatide was associated with the lowest observed risk at 0.143% (737 cases among 516,978 patients), followed by semaglutide at 0.334% (3,817/1,142,264), dulaglutide at 0.605% (3,243/536,042), liraglutide at 0.723% (2,479/342,996), lixisenatide at 0.755% (114/15,097), exenatide at 0.935% (990/105,875), and albiglutide at 0.941% (71/7,548). Patients on newer agents (semaglutide, tirzepatide) demonstrated a substantially lower risk of pseudocyst formation compared to those on older agents (albiglutide, exenatide)."

Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pancreatitis • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

An Insight into Pharmaceutical Design and Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of GLP-1 RAs. (PubMed, Curr Pharm Des) - "GLP-1 RAs have a complex strategy due to their pharmacological nature. The variations in their design have led to various members with varying pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic features."

Journal • PK/PD data • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Eustachian Tube Disorders in Patients Prescribed Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Agonists: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis (AAO-HNSF 2025) - "Analyses included all GLP-1 agonists combined and individual agents (Dulaglutide, Exenatide, Liraglutide, Lixisenatide, Semaglutide, Tirzepatide)... Different GLP-1 agonists were associated with varying risks for eustachian tube disorders. A history of GLP-1 agonist use, including the specific agent, should be considered when patients present with symptoms related to the eustachian tube."

Clinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Otorhinolaryngology

Antidiabetic drugs in Parkinson's disease: a comprehensive meta-analysis on efficacy and safety with trial sequential analysis and GRADE evaluation. (PubMed, Inflammopharmacology) - "GLP-1 agonists revealed potential antidepressant effects as well as improving cognitive functions detected by MADRS and MATTIS-DRS, respectively. However, antidiabetic drugs were associated with higher risks of gastrointestinal adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, and weight loss."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Frequency, clinical characteristics, and outcomes associated with various definitions of remission after initiation of GLP-1RA for type 2 diabetes management (EASD 2025) - "GLP-1RA were distributed as follows: 50.5% dulaglutide; 24.9% liraglutide; 11.7% semaglutide; 11.0% exenatide; 1.4% lixisenatide. Remission of T2D after initiation GLP-1RA is not a rare event, its frequency and duration varying substantially by remission definition. When achieved, GLP-1RA-induced remission of T2D is associated with durable metabolic improvements up to 4 years and, possibly, fewer cardiovascular events."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Efficacy of Treatment Strategies for SID- a Comparison of Insulin Therapy and FRC Therapy (Insulin + GLP-1 Receptor Agonist) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=100 | Enrolling by invitation | Sponsor: Medical University of Warsaw

New P4 trial • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

From diabetes to dopamine: Evaluating the disease-modifying potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. (PubMed, Neurol Sci) - "Current evidence does not sufficiently support the routine use of GLP-1 RAs for motor improvement in PD."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Anorexia • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Dyspepsia • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Association between Preoperative GLP-1RA Use and Postoperative Respiratory Complications in Real-World Patients Undergoing Elective Surgical Procedures—A Target Trial Emulation Study (ADA 2025) - "Preoperative GLP-1 RA use was associated with increased postoperative respiratory complications compared to non-users."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES AND MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS IN INFLAMMATORY MYOSITIS AND NECROTIZING MYOPATHY: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY (EULAR 2025) - "The cohort with GLP-1 RA use (n = 3,066) included patients treated with Exenatide, Dulaglutide, Liraglutide, Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, or Lixisenatide, while the comparator cohort without GLP-1 RA use (n = 57,788) included patients not receiving these therapies. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to adjust for baseline differences, including demographics (age, sex, ethnicity), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking), and medication use (statins, insulin, corticosteroids, SGLT2 inhibitors, methotrexate, rituximab)...Comorbidities such as hypertension (73.6% vs. 25.8%), diabetes (71.1% vs. 14.4%), and obesity were more prevalent, and medication use, including aspirin (44.2%) and metformin (56.8%), was also higher... GLP-1 RA is associated with significant reductions in mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory myositis and necrotizing myopathy. These findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs may be a valuable adjunctive therapy for..."

Retrospective data • Cardiovascular • Dermatomyositis • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hypertension • Immunology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Myositis • Obesity • Venous Thromboembolism

Disparities in GLP-1 receptor agonist prescriptions among breast cancer survivors with type 2 diabetes. (ASCO 2025) - "The primary outcome was the rate of GLP-1RA prescription (lixisenatide, albiglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, tirzepatide). Significant disparities in GLP-1RA prescription rates were identified among breast cancer survivors with DM2, particularly among older adults and non-White racial groups. This emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to improve equitable access to these classes of pharmaceutics with important health benefits in cancer survivors. Table 1: GLP-1RA Prescription Disparities by Racial Subgroups"

Breast Cancer • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Cancer • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Oncology • Pancreatic Cancer • Pancreatitis • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Risk of Hearing Loss in Patients Treated with Exendin-4 Derivatives: A Network Meta-Analysis of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - " This comprehensive NMA identifies a significant association between exendin-4 derivatives (lixisenatide and efpeglenatide) and potential ototoxicity. Clinicians should carefully consider this potential ototoxicity when prescribing exendin-4 derivatives, particularly in patients with pre-existing hearing loss risk factors."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Otorhinolaryngology

Antidiabetic GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Have Neuroprotective Properties in Experimental Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Ameliorated amyloid-β plaque and neurofibrillary tangle formation and deposition following exenatide, liraglutide, and lixisenatide treatment was confirmed in several models. Finally, restoration of cognitive functions, particularly spatial memory, was also observed for semaglutide and dulaglutide. GLP-1RAs, therefore, hold promising disease-modifying potential in the management of AD."

Journal • Preclinical • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • GSK3B • IRS1 • MAPK8

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists and Mortality Among Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ATS 2025) - "We included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of IPF (ICD-10 J84.112) and stratified the data according to GLP-1 agonist use, including liraglutide, lixisenatide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, exenatide, and semaglutide...Notably, less than 7.5% of these patients were on antifibrotics, including pirfenidone or nintedanib...However, the infrequent use of antifibrotics in this analysis raises questions about their underutilization. Further prospective research is needed to better understand GLP-1 agosnists role in patients with IPF."

Clinical • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

GLP1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND HEPATIC DECOMPENSATION IN PATIENTS WITH MASH CIRRHOSIS: A PROPENSITY-MATCHED ANALYSIS OF THE US COLLABORATIVE NETWORK (DDW 2025) - "We constructed 1-1 propensity-score (PS)-matched cohorts of patients initiating GLP-1RAs (semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, dulaglutide, albiglutide, tirzepatide, or lixisenatide) or DPP-4 inhibitors (alogliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin or sitagliptin). In patients with compensated MASH cirrhosis, GLP-1RAs were associated with significantly lower rates of hepatic decompensation and all-cause mortality compared to DPP-4 inhibitors. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of GLP-1RAs in this population, warranting further validation through prospective studies."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hepatic Encephalopathy • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Nephrology • Obesity • Oncology • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor

Pharmacovigilance analysis of neurological adverse events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "We conducted a disproportionality analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (2005 Q2-2024 Q3) to evaluate neurological adverse events (NAEs) associated with six glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs): exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide. While these pharmacovigilance findings underscore the need for heightened clinical vigilance, they represent associations rather than causal relationships, constrained by inherent limitations of FAERS such as reporting bias and confounding. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations and clarify underlying mechanisms."

Adverse events • Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in neurodegenerative diseases: Promises and challenges. (PubMed, Pharmacol Res) - "To date, clinical trials have shown that three GRA, exenatide, liraglutide and lixisenatide can improve motor deficits as an add-on therapy in PD patients and liraglutide can improve cognitive function in AD patients. The dual GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in AD and PD mice models. Overall, GRA are highly promising novel drugs, but future clinical studies should identify which subsets of patients should be targeted as potential candidates for their symptomatic and/or neuroprotective benefits, investigate whether combinations with other classes of drugs can further augment their efficacy, and evaluate their long-term disease-modifying and adverse effects."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Huntington's Disease • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Obesity • Parkinson's Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ADVERSE EVENTS OF PANCREATITIS ASSOCIATION TO VARIOUS GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONIST: ANALYSIS PER US FDA ADVERSE REPORTING SYSTEM (DDW 2025) - "Lixisenatide has highest PRR 4.74 (CI 2.22-10.11, P <0.001). Among GLP-1 RA, there are differences in pancreatitis related AE PRR in FAERS. Higher association is found between with liraglutide and exenatide for pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis which is in line with earlier reports from clinical trial meta-analysis and real word AE assessments. Newer GLP-1 RA tirzepatide and dulaglutide, as per our assessment, are reported lower PRR and thus lower association signal with pancreatitis related AEs."

Adverse events • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Pancreatitis

ANALYSIS OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ADVERSE EVENTS AMONG GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS REPORTED IN US FDA ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM: FOCUS ON GERD, PEPTIC ULCER AND HEMATEMESIS (DDW 2025) - "Results PRR for GERD AEs are higher in case of lixisenatide PRR 2.34 (CI 0.87-6.32, P =0.0926), semaglutide PRR 1.45 (CI 1.31-1.60, P <0.001) and liraglutide PRR 1.30 (CI 1.18-1.43, P <0.001)...PRR for peptic ulcer AEs are higher in case of semaglutide PRR 1.58 (CI 1.03-2.43, P =0.0352), liraglutide PRR 1.48 (CI 0.99-2.23, P =0.0580) and Exenatide PRR 1.46 (CI 1.07-1.99, P =0.0165)...Though in general similar AEs are seen within this class of drugs, this study indicates there might be different AE risks with different GLP-1 RA. Dulaglutide and Tirzepatide seem to have lower reports GERD and peptic ulcer related AEs."

Adverse events • Dyspepsia • Gastroenterology • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Peptic Ulcer

The LIXIPARK trial: lixisenatide to treat patients with early Parkinson disease (PD) (JSNE 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

A Descriptive Analysis from VigiAccess on Drug-related Problems Associated with the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists. (PubMed, Curr Drug Saf) - "Qualified healthcare practitioners must educate the patients administering the GLP- 1 RAs to minimize preventable DRPs. Also, careful and frequent monitoring of GLP-1 RAs improves therapeutic outcomes by ruling out DRPs. Healthcare practitioners should comply with approved therapeutic guidelines to enhance the quality of GLP-1 RAs treatment."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (ESPE-ESE 2025) - "Until recently, the approved treatments for pediatric patients encompassed only metformin and insulin... We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases in December 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared GLP-1 RA (exenatide, lixisenatide, dulaglutide, liraglutide or semaglutide) with placebo in patients from ages 8 to 19 years old, for the treatment of T2DM... In this meta-analysis, the use of GLP-1 RA in pediatric patients with T2DM yields significant reductions in HbA1c levels compared to placebo, indicating its potential as an effective adjunctive therapy. However, it’s noteworthy that there were non-significantly changes in fasting glucose concentration and reduction in BMI compared to placebo."

Late-breaking abstract • Retrospective data • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pediatrics • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

DUAL GLP-1/GIP RECEPTOR AGONISTS THAT CAN CROSS THE BBB SHOW SUPERIOR NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS (ADPD 2025) - "Methods Bydureon (exenatide) and Adlyxin (lixisenatide) showed disease-modifying protective effects in patients with PD in two phase 2 clinical trials...NLY01, a pegylated form of exenatide that can't cross the BBB did not show any effects in PD patients in a phase 2 trial...Results Currently, two phase 3 trials are ongoing, testing the diabetes drug Ozempic/Wegovy (semaglutide) in AD patients...In animal models of AD or PD, dual agonists were able to protect neurons better than GLP-1 class drugs such as liraglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide that were designed to treat diabetes and that stay in the blood for longer periods. Conclusions The dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist KP405 (DA5-CH) is currently in a phase 1 clinical trial and Results will be shared at the conference."

Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Are Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists Central Nervous System (CNS) Penetrant: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Neurol Ther) - " Preclinical studies indicate that select GLP-1 RAs are CNS penetrant; whether GLP-1 RAs reproducibly engage neural targets hypothesized to subserve dimensions of psychopathology (e.g., general cognitive functions) remains incompletely characterized."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Obesity • Parkinson's Disease

Exploring Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Usage Among Non-Diabetic Healthcare Providers: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Study. (PubMed, Health Sci Rep) - "Semaglutide (45.7%, 95% CI: 41.8%-49.5%) was the most commonly used GLP-1RA, followed by Liraglutide (36.9%, 95% CI: 33.2%-40.8%). Other GLP-1RAs were used less frequently, including Dulaglutide (17.0%, 95% CI: 14.2%-20.1%), Exenatide (14.1%, 95% CI: 11.5%-17.0%), Albiglutide (7.0%, 95% CI: 5.1%-9.2%), and Lixisenatide (8.5%, 95% CI: 6.5%-10.9%...This study provides the first prevalence estimate of GLP-1RA use among HCPs and GLP1-Ras users and explores the associations between demographic characteristics and perceptions of safety and efficacy. The findings highlight the self-prescribing practices of these medications for weight management and underscore the need for appropriate monitoring to avoid potential health risks."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus