abacavir / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Distribution and efficacy of dolutegravir-based regimens in the main HIV outpatient care in Caracas, Venezuela. (PubMed, AIDS Res Ther) - "A high viral suppression rate of over 90% was documented for all DTG-based regimens, with no significant difference found between the main regimen (DTG/3TC/TDF) and its alternatives: DTG/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), abacavir/3TC + DTG and, DTG/3TC. Overall, almost all switches (97.1%) were made toward DTG/FTC/TAF. Osteoporosis was the main reason for switching treatments (80.1%)."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Osteoporosis • Rheumatology

Guidelines From the French-Speaking Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (SFHI) for Harmonisation of HLA Genotyping in Autoimmune Diseases, Drug Hypersensitivity and Pharmacogenetics. (PubMed, HLA) - "Well-established associations include HLA-DQB1*02/DQA1*05 (DQ2) and HLA-DQB1*03:02/DQA1*05 (DQ8) with celiac disease, HLA-B*27 with spondyloarthritis, HLA-DQB1*06:02 with type 1 narcolepsy, HLA-A*29 with Birdshot chorioretinopathy and several pharmacogenetic risk alleles such as HLA-B*57:01 (abacavir), HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-A*31:01 (carbamazepine) and HLA-B*58:01 (allopurinol). In immunotherapy, the efficacy of tebentafusp has been shown to depend on HLA-A*02:01 positivity...Interpretation should be conducted by qualified medical biologists, integrating clinical context, allelic diversity and recent technological advances, particularly next-generation sequencing. HLA genotyping represents a valuable tool in diagnosis and risk assessment, with increasing importance in the era of personalised medicine."

Biomarker • Clinical guideline • Harmonization • IO biomarker • Journal • Review • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Celiac Disease • Hematological Disorders • Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Immunology • Narcolepsy • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Sleep Disorder • Spondylarthritis • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Uveitis • HLA-A • HLA-B • HLA-DQB1

Real-World Persistence in Adults with HIV and Mental Health or Substance Use Disorders After Restarting Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States. (PubMed, Adv Ther) - "For PWH-MHD/SUD who restarted ART after a treatment interruption, B/F/TAF was associated with longer persistence and the lowest risk of switch compared with other guideline-recommended therapies."

Journal • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Psychiatry

Low Levels of Clinically Significant Drug Resistance Mutations to Dolutegravir amongst Children Living with HIV Failing on First-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda. (PubMed, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) - "Low rates of DTG resistance among Ugandan CLHIV failing first-line DTG-based ART regimens underscores the durability of DTG. Lack of difference in ABC resistance across all regimens supports maintaining an ABC backbone for CLHIV <30kg when transitioning to a DTG-based regimen despite virologic failure."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Preferential Recognition of Drug-Induced Altered Self-Presentation on Tumor Cells, but Not Host Cells, by CD8+ T Cells for Eliciting Anti-Tumor Immunity. (PubMed, Biol Pharm Bull) - "Although the anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug abacavir (ABC) increases the tumor immunogenicity and induces CD8+ T cell anti-tumor immune responses in mice inoculated with tumor cells ectopically expressing the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*57:01, whether such anti-tumor immunity is also triggered in hosts with high HLA-B*57:01 expression levels remain unclear...Moreover, ABC did not increase the effector CD8+ T cell proportions in the tumor-draining lymph nodes of B*57:01-Tg mice. Overall, CD8+ T cells preferentially recognized the ABC-induced altered self-antigen-presenting HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumor cells, but not host cells, to elicit anti-tumor immunity."

IO biomarker • Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Oncology • CD8 • HLA-B • IFNG

Patient-reported outcomes among people living with HIV switching to dual therapy with dolutegravir/lamivudine: results from the PROBI study. (PubMed, Ther Adv Infect Dis) - P=N/A | "Men, individuals previously receiving abacavir/3TC/DTG, and those with better daily comfort and perceived treatment efficacy were less likely to stop treatment. Attention should be maintained on the reasons for treatment discontinuation, especially among women. Patient-Reported Outcomes HV BItherapy (PROBI) was registered as number NCT04788784 on https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04788784?term=PROBI&rank=2."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Outcomes of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Born to HIV-Positive Mothers at Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital: The ENIVIH Study (EACS 2025) - "Among children with events, in utero ARV exposures included zidovudine (4.1%), emtricitabine (46.2%), darunavir (35.9%), and abacavir (4.8%). These frequencies appear higher than those typically reported in the general pediatric population. The findings highlight the importance of long-term follow-up and integrated medical and social for HEU children."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

LDL Target Achievement in people with HIV Over 40: Impact of Updated EACS Guidelines (EACS 2025) - "Use of abacavir- (6.6 vs 3.3%, p<0.001 ) and PI-based (13.6 vs 11.7, p=0.15) ART regimens declined from period 1 to period 2...LDL target achievement improved significantly for Step 1 (21% to 25%, p<0,05 ) and marginally for Step 2 (5.2% to 5.9%, p=0.45) (Figure 2). Conclusions : Despite updated EACS guidelines and increased lipid-lowering therapy, LDL target attainment remains suboptimal in our PWH cohort."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Cost-Effectiveness of DTG/3TC Single-Pill Versus Generic ABC/3TC Plus Dolutegravir in Japan: A Markov Model Analysis (EACS 2025) - "Purpose : In Japan, the dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) single-pill combination is more expensive than dolutegravir plus generic ABC/3TC, which contains abacavir (ABC) with potential cardiovascular risks as elucidated by the REPRIEVE trial. Therefore, the DTG/3TC single-pill regimen can be considered cost-effective in this setting. These findings highlight the need to balance financial benefits against clinical risks and may not extrapolate directly to other countries where drug cost differentials vary and background cardiovascular risks differ."

Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Infectious Disease • CD4

Persistence on dolutegravir-containing two- and three-drug-regimens in clinical practice. (PubMed, Int J STD AIDS) - "All people with HIV-1 receiving DTG-containing ART regimens-combined with rilpivirine (RPV) or lamivudine (3TC) for 2DRs, or with tenofovir (TAF or TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC), or abacavir (ABC) and FTC for 3DRs-were included. However, the study's retrospective nature and center-specific characteristics may limit generalizability. More real-world data are warranted to confirm these results."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics (PK) Interactions and Safety of Dolutegravir Plus 2 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) in HIV-1-Infected Solid Organ Transplant Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=19 | Completed | Sponsor: Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica | Unknown status ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF THE FIXED-DOSE TRIPLE COMBINATION DISPERSIBLE TABLET FOR HIV-POSITIVE PAEDIATRIC POPULATION AFTER THE CONTINUOUS DIRECT COMPRESSION AND BATCH MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES. (PubMed, Eur J Pharm Sci) - "FDC dispersible tablets were successfully manufactured with CDC and batch methods. Moreover, the product integrity results were similar for both the production technologies. However, the formulation and pre-blends require further optimization particularly for poorly flowable active pharmaceutical ingredients."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate-based therapy compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate- and abacavir-based therapy in children and young people living with HIV in Europe. (PubMed, Int J Antimicrob Agents) - "Virological outcomes were similar across drugs. Rates of any grade laboratory events were highest on TAF, driven by higher rates of lipid events. As TAF uptake increases, studies with long-term follow-up are required."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Renal Calculi

Azithromycin-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in a Patient With SARS-CoV-2 and End-Stage Renal Disease. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Numerous medications have been associated with SJS, with abacavir, allopurinol, aromatic antiepileptic drugs, minocycline, proton pump inhibitors, and sulfasalazine being the most common. The clinical presentation of SJS usually includes atypical targets or purpuric macules, along with oral mucosal involvement. Herein, we present a case of SJS with primary oral mucosal involvement in a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to polycystic kidney disease, recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, and azithromycin exposure."

Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • Genetic Disorders • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Polycystic Kidney Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Steven-Johnson Syndrome

Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-4-Hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-ones: Total Synthesis of Entecavir, Abacavir, and Carbovir. (PubMed, J Org Chem) - "This work has laid bases for the further development of novel industrial processes for the production of these drug molecules. The newly disclosed 1,3-diaza Cope rearrangement reaction is of particular interest and may inspire new synthetic applications."

Journal

No changes in weight, body composition or metabolic parameters after the switch to dolutegravir and lamivudine compared to continued treatment with dolutegravir, abacavir and lamivudine for virologically suppressed HIV infection (The AVERTAS trial). (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "Continuing or discontinuing abacavir for 48 weeks was associated with modest gains in weight that did not differ between groups. Similarly, fat distribution, or metabolic parameters were comparable between groups."

Clinical • Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Distribution of CCR5-Δ32 and HLA-B*57:01 alleles in HIV-seropositive and HIV-exposed seronegative Peruvian individuals. (PubMed, Hum Genome Var) - "As these alleles were found at similar frequencies among both HIV-positive and HIV-negative Peruvian individuals with high-risk sexual behavior, it is possible that other genetic factors play an important role in preventing HIV transmission in this population. The low frequency of the HLA-B*57:01 allele in the Peruvian population suggests that routine genotyping tests for abacavir hypersensitivity should be reevaluated in the public health policies of Peru's Ministry of Health, based on national epidemiological data."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • HLA-B

Gestational exposure to HIV drugs alters intestinal mucosa-associated microbial diversity in adult rat offspring. (PubMed, Exp Biol Med (Maywood)) - "The antiretroviral (ARV) drug combination of abacavir sulfate, dolutegravir, and lamivudine [ABC/DTG/3TC; Tri combination Anti-retroviral therapy (TC-ART)] has revolutionized HIV treatment by effectively targeting different stages of viral replication. The high dose exposure also showed an increase in opportunistic bacterial species in male animals. Overall, we found that, similar to the fecal microbiome, perinatal exposure to TC-ART led to sex- and dose-dependent alterations in the gut mucosa-associated microbial population in aged rats, suggesting that early life exposure to these drugs may influence gut mucosa-associated immune responses and intestinal permeability."

Journal • Preclinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor resistance patterns in adults and adolescents with virological failure on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy: DTG RESIST study of IeDEA (IAS-HIV 2025) - "BACKGROUND: With reports of increasing dolutegravir (DTG) resistance in people receiving DTG-based ART, it is important to understand concomitant NRTI resistance patterns. In people with emergent DTG resistance on ART, the predominant NRTI resistance pattern was M184V/I and TAMs, regardless of current NRTI backbone."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Gaps in guideline adherence: evaluating HLA-B*57:01 screening for abacavir sensitivity and the implementation of evidence-based HIV care. (PubMed, Clin Biochem) - "These findings highlight broader challenges in HIV guideline adherence, emphasizing the need for ongoing evaluation and systematic interventions to improve implementation and patient safety."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • HLA-B

Abacavir enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin via inhibition of histone demethylase KDM5B in breast cancer. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Our findings highlight the repurposing potential of ABC to target KDM5B in breast cancer. This approach enhanced the efficacy of DOX, which could allow further dose reduction and reduced side effects, offering a promising therapeutic strategy."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • KDM5B

Weight gain on tenofovir alafenamide fumarate-based therapy compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate- and abacavir-based therapy in children and young people living with HIV in Europe. (PubMed, HIV Med) - "zBMI increased on TAF, faster than TDF, but similar to ABC. Weight gain on TAF was associated with multiple factors including prior TDF use."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity

Advanced Metastatic Bilateral Breast Carcinoma in a Pregnant Woman With HIV During the Second Trimester: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Current Literature. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "Past medical history was notable for a new diagnosis of HIV/AIDS which was being treated with Abacavir (ABC), Lamivudine (3TC), and Dolutegravir (DTG). After discussion by the tumor board, the decision was made to proceed with palliative management and close follow-up. Unfortunately, she passed away 1 week later due to respiratory complications."

Journal • Back Pain • Breast Cancer • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Pain • Palliative care • Solid Tumor

Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China. (PubMed, AIDS Care) - "This study investigates ADRs in 375 children with HIV receiving zidovudine (AZT)- or abacavir (ABC)-based ART regimens, using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression analyses to evaluate ADR incidences, and propensity score matching (PSM) to address confounders...Notably, children at advanced WHO clinical stages (III-IV) on the ABC-based regimen faced even greater risk (aHR = 3.190, P = 0.005) compared to earlier stages (I-II). These results underscore the need for regimen customization based on disease severity to improve safety and efficacy in pediatric HIV treatment, informing optimized ART protocols and personalized strategies."

Adverse drug reaction • Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Global "expiration" of abacavir in adults with HIV: a rapid review of safety and efficacy concerns challenging its role in modern ART. (PubMed, Ther Adv Infect Dis) - "Considering these findings, abacavir should be considered an obsolete option for most, if not all, adults living with HIV. This perspective shift emphasizes the importance of selecting ART regimens that optimize long-term cardiovascular health while achieving durable virologic suppression in the modern era of HIV treatment."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease