abacavir / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Distribution of CCR5-Δ32 and HLA-B*57:01 alleles in HIV-seropositive and HIV-exposed seronegative Peruvian individuals. (PubMed, Hum Genome Var) - "As these alleles were found at similar frequencies among both HIV-positive and HIV-negative Peruvian individuals with high-risk sexual behavior, it is possible that other genetic factors play an important role in preventing HIV transmission in this population. The low frequency of the HLA-B*57:01 allele in the Peruvian population suggests that routine genotyping tests for abacavir hypersensitivity should be reevaluated in the public health policies of Peru's Ministry of Health, based on national epidemiological data."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • HLA-B

Gestational exposure to HIV drugs alters intestinal mucosa-associated microbial diversity in adult rat offspring. (PubMed, Exp Biol Med (Maywood)) - "The antiretroviral (ARV) drug combination of abacavir sulfate, dolutegravir, and lamivudine [ABC/DTG/3TC; Tri combination Anti-retroviral therapy (TC-ART)] has revolutionized HIV treatment by effectively targeting different stages of viral replication. The high dose exposure also showed an increase in opportunistic bacterial species in male animals. Overall, we found that, similar to the fecal microbiome, perinatal exposure to TC-ART led to sex- and dose-dependent alterations in the gut mucosa-associated microbial population in aged rats, suggesting that early life exposure to these drugs may influence gut mucosa-associated immune responses and intestinal permeability."

Journal • Preclinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor resistance patterns in adults and adolescents with virological failure on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy: DTG RESIST study of IeDEA (IAS-HIV 2025) - "BACKGROUND: With reports of increasing dolutegravir (DTG) resistance in people receiving DTG-based ART, it is important to understand concomitant NRTI resistance patterns. In people with emergent DTG resistance on ART, the predominant NRTI resistance pattern was M184V/I and TAMs, regardless of current NRTI backbone."

Clinical • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Gaps in guideline adherence: evaluating HLA-B*57:01 screening for abacavir sensitivity and the implementation of evidence-based HIV care. (PubMed, Clin Biochem) - "These findings highlight broader challenges in HIV guideline adherence, emphasizing the need for ongoing evaluation and systematic interventions to improve implementation and patient safety."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • HLA-B

Abacavir enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin via inhibition of histone demethylase KDM5B in breast cancer. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Our findings highlight the repurposing potential of ABC to target KDM5B in breast cancer. This approach enhanced the efficacy of DOX, which could allow further dose reduction and reduced side effects, offering a promising therapeutic strategy."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • KDM5B

Weight gain on tenofovir alafenamide fumarate-based therapy compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate- and abacavir-based therapy in children and young people living with HIV in Europe. (PubMed, HIV Med) - "zBMI increased on TAF, faster than TDF, but similar to ABC. Weight gain on TAF was associated with multiple factors including prior TDF use."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Obesity

Advanced Metastatic Bilateral Breast Carcinoma in a Pregnant Woman With HIV During the Second Trimester: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Current Literature. (PubMed, Clin Case Rep) - "Past medical history was notable for a new diagnosis of HIV/AIDS which was being treated with Abacavir (ABC), Lamivudine (3TC), and Dolutegravir (DTG). After discussion by the tumor board, the decision was made to proceed with palliative management and close follow-up. Unfortunately, she passed away 1 week later due to respiratory complications."

Journal • Back Pain • Breast Cancer • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Pain • Palliative care • Solid Tumor

Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China. (PubMed, AIDS Care) - "This study investigates ADRs in 375 children with HIV receiving zidovudine (AZT)- or abacavir (ABC)-based ART regimens, using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression analyses to evaluate ADR incidences, and propensity score matching (PSM) to address confounders...Notably, children at advanced WHO clinical stages (III-IV) on the ABC-based regimen faced even greater risk (aHR = 3.190, P = 0.005) compared to earlier stages (I-II). These results underscore the need for regimen customization based on disease severity to improve safety and efficacy in pediatric HIV treatment, informing optimized ART protocols and personalized strategies."

Adverse drug reaction • Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Global "expiration" of abacavir in adults with HIV: a rapid review of safety and efficacy concerns challenging its role in modern ART. (PubMed, Ther Adv Infect Dis) - "Considering these findings, abacavir should be considered an obsolete option for most, if not all, adults living with HIV. This perspective shift emphasizes the importance of selecting ART regimens that optimize long-term cardiovascular health while achieving durable virologic suppression in the modern era of HIV treatment."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Ocular Manifestations of Perinatal HIV Infection in Kenyan Children on HAART: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study. (PubMed, Clin Ophthalmol) - "This study suggests that in the HAART era, perinatally HIV-infected children with well-managed viral loads show visual function and largely normal ocular surface health, contrasting with pre-HAART literature. The increased frequency of strabismus in HIV+ children and its potential association with abacavir warrant further investigation into HAART-related ocular motility side effects."

Journal • Allergy • Conjunctivitis • Dry Eye Disease • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Sjogren's Syndrome • Strabismus

Comprehensive Cardiovascular Risk Profiling in People Living with HIV: Insights from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database. (PubMed, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses) - "ART regimen classes (e.g., integrase strand transfer inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors) and backbone therapies [e.g., abacavir (ABC)/lamivudine] were included in the analysis. Our findings underscore a potentially heightened cardiovascular risk associated with ABC, particularly in older PLWH or those with diabetes. These results highlight the need to consider individual CVD risk profiles when selecting ART regimens and reinforce the importance of ongoing pharmacovigilance to guide safer, more personalized treatment strategies worldwide."

Adverse events • Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders

Using pharmacogenomics to personalise drug therapy: which drugs, when and how. (PubMed, Aust Prescr) - "At the time of writing, tests for thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) (azathioprine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine) and human leucocyte antigen B*57:01 (abacavir) are Medicare-rebated. Pharmacogenomic testing is also recommended for several other drugs, such as allopurinol and clopidogrel, but these do not currently attract a Medicare rebate."

Biomarker • Journal • Review

Insights into regulatory T-cell and type-I interferon roles in determining abacavir-induced hypersensitivity or immune tolerance. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "IFN-I and IL-2 were necessary for CD8+ T-cell differentiation and ABC-induced adverse reactions. This study unveils novel immune mechanisms driven by drug and host-related factors required for in vivo reactions and sheds light on potential biomarker and therapeutic targets for managing and preventing severe and life-threatening iDHR."

Journal • Immunology • Infectious Disease • CD4 • CD8 • FOXP3 • HLA-B • IL2

STEADY-SATE PHARMACOKINECTICS OF ABACAVIR IN RELATION TO HIV-1 SHEDDING INTO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS EFFLUENT (ERA 2025) - "The total blood Abacavir exposure, peak and trough levels were within the therapeutic range. Future studies may evaluate the influence of ARV drug resistance mutations on HIV-1 shedding into CAPD effluents."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Effects of antiretrovirals on major adverse cardiovascular events in the REPRIEVE trial: a longitudinal cohort analysis. (PubMed, Lancet HIV) - P3 | "Previous and current use of abacavir increases the hazard of MACE among people with HIV at low-to-moderate CVD risk, suggesting that abacavir should be avoided and previous exposure considered when assessing the risk of MACE in this population."

Adverse events • Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Time to say farewell to abacavir? (PubMed, Lancet HIV) - No abstract available

Journal

Differential effects of fentanyl compared to morphine on neuroinflammatory signaling in the brain in EcoHIV-infected mice. (PubMed, J Neurovirol) - "Fentanyl decreased dolutegravir in the hippocampus, while morphine decreased abacavir in both regions. These findings demonstrate that fentanyl and morphine exposure in the context of HIV produce distinct impacts on neuroinflammatory response, BBB integrity, and ARV brain exposure. Understanding these opioid-specific effects is critical for improving clinical outcomes and treatment strategies for individuals with HIV and OUD."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Substance Abuse • CCL11 • CCL2 • CCL3 • CLDN5 • TJP1

Neuropsychiatric adverse events in people with HIV initiating a new integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based regimen in Italy: findings from the NEURO-INSTI study. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "Among PWH on INSTI treatment, IVDUh, concurrent psychiatric illness, abacavir and RAL use increased the risk of CNS/NP AEs occurrence. PWH on BIC were less likely to experience CNS/NP AEs and related treatment discontinuations."

Adverse events • Journal • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mental Retardation • Psychiatry • CD4

Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine in Acute HIV-1 Results in Rapid Suppression and Restoration of CD4 T-cell Subsets Without Accelerated Decay of Latent HIV-1. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "Thirty-four participants required rapid HLA-B*57 testing at screening; 97% resulted ≤24 hours, and 71% started ART ≤24 hours. Integrase-based ART during acute HIV-1 resulted in brisk viral suppression, preservation of CD4+ T-cell subsets, and decline in resting CD4+ T-cell infection."

Clinical • Journal • Hepatitis B • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • CD4 • CD8 • HLA-B

Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy for Children Living with HIV in Africa. (PubMed, N Engl J Med) - "Second-line ART regimens including TAF-emtricitabine and dolutegravir were effective for children, with no evidence of safety concerns. Ritonavir-boosted darunavir was also effective. (Funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership and others; CHAPAS-4 ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN22964075.)."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Neuronal FGF13 Inhibits Mitochondria-Derived Damage Signals to Prevent Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. (PubMed, Adv Sci (Weinh)) - "Collectively, neuronal FGF13 inhibits the transfer of stressed mitochondria to glia, thereby impeding neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Abacavir is a promising neuroprotectant and sets a brake to PD progression."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

A New Method for the Quantification of Ethyl Sulfate and Isopropyl Sulfate Contents in Abacavir Sulfate by Ion Chromatography. (PubMed, J Chromatogr Sci) - "The method is robust for EtS and IprS contents and also specific from other common anions, i.e., chloride, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, methyl sulfate and methanesulfonic acids. The results proved that the validated method was simple and cost-effective for controlling EtS and IprS contents in ABS drug substance, and the method can be successfully applied in the quality control analysis."

Journal

Pharmacokinetics of Generic Pediatric Abacavir/Lamivudine Dispersible Tablets in Thai Young Children Living With HIV Weighing Below Twenty Kilograms. (PubMed, Pediatr Infect Dis J) - "Twenty-eight Thai children were enrolled and received ABC/3TC-DT plus pediatric dolutegravir-DT once daily. ABC and 3TC exposures were within target ranges across WBs. These data supported current ABC/3TC-DT WHO-weight band dosing guidance for young children in Thailand."

Journal • PK/PD data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - P3 | "the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) is ideally suited to evaluate the role of ABC and the TFV backbones, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Antiretroviral therapies with ABC backbones are associated with an increase in MACE compared to TFV backbones among people living with HIV at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk. NCT02344290."

Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Myocardial Infarction • CD4

Dolutegravir plus lamivudine downregulates cellular stress responses versus three-drug HIV Regimens. (PubMed, AIDS) - "Reducing NRTIs in DTG-based 2DR, particularly by omitting ABC or TAF/TDF, suggests decreased activation of stress response and immune-related pathways. Importantly, the functional capacity of circulating immune cells remains largely unchanged between 2DR and 3DR."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CXCL8 • IL17A • PMM2