apremilast / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Systematic review of comparative studies on emerging psoriasis treatments: comparing biologics with biologics, small molecule inhibitors with small molecule inhibitors, and biologics with small molecule inhibitors. (PubMed, Inflammopharmacology) - "This systematic review highlights the enhanced efficacy of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors compared to TNF-α inhibitors, with IL-23-targeting agents demonstrating superior long-term disease control. Small molecule inhibitors, particularly Deucravacitinib, present a promising alternative as effective oral therapies. Although newer biologics offer improved treatment outcomes, further head-to-head trials comparing TYK2, JAK, and PDE4 inhibitors with IL-17 and IL-23 agents are warranted. These findings provide valuable insights to inform clinical decision-making and optimise Psoriasis management strategies."

Journal • Review • Candidiasis • Dermatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Psoriasis • IL17A • IL23A • TYK2

DOES DMARDS EXPOSURE AFTER CANCER DIAGNOSIS INCREASE THE RISK OF CANCER RECURRENCE OR DEATH (EULAR 2025) - "After cancer diagnosis, most patients were treated with DMARDs (54% csDMARDs, 60% bDMARDs, and tsDMARDs, including 20% apremilast, 7.5% JAKi)... In our cohort of RA and SpA patients with cancer, DMARD treatment was started before the recommended 60 months after diagnosis and did not increase the risk of cancer recurrence or death. Our findings add to recent reports on the real-world safety of different bDMARDs classes including IL6-inhibitors, IL17-inhibitors, IL23-inhibitors, and CTLA4-analogues."

Ankylosing Spondylitis • Breast Cancer • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Melanoma • Oncology • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Solid Tumor • Spondylarthritis • IL17A

THE IMPACT OF CONVENTIONAL SYNTHETIC DISEASE MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS ON THE NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS PATIENTS (EULAR 2025) - "The NLR of patients was calculated pre- and at least 6 months post-initiation of csDMARDs – the majority of which having monotherapy with methotrexate or combination DMARD therapy of either methotrexate and/or sulfasalazine with other csDMARDs (leflunomide, ciclosporin, apremilast, azathioprine, and/or hydroxychloroquine). Whilst the data collected is consistent with current literature noting that both methotrexate monotherapy and combination therapies of csDMARDs in other rheumatic conditions pose increases in NLRs, the data was not of statistical significance."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

APREMILAST VS ADALIMUMAB EFFECTIVENESS IN BIOLOGIC-NAIVE PsA (EULAR 2025) - "No statistical differences were found between the survival rates of ADA and APR in a multi-centric cohort of biologic-naïve low to moderate PsA patients. Disease activity, year of prescription and concomitant use of csDMARDs were predictors associated with drug interruption."

Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

EARLY IMPROVEMENT OF PAIN, LONG-TERM DISEASE CONTROL, AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS TREATED WITH UPADACITINIB (EULAR 2025) - "Upadacitinib (15mg; UPA15), an oral JAK inhibitor, has shown to rapidly and meaningfully reduce pain in patients with active PsA and inadequate response (IR) to non-biologic DMARDs (non-bDMARD-IR, including csDMARDs or apremilast) or biologic DMARDs (bDMARD-IR) [3]. In non-bDMARD-IR and bDMARD-IR PsA patients, reductions in pain score occurred rapidly and were maintained through 152 wks of treatment with UPA15, regardless of pain severity at baseline. More patients with early pain improvements achieved long-term, stringent disease control targets and quality of life outcomes compared to patients without early pain improvements, suggesting that rapid pain improvement may be a positive indicator of long-term disease control."

Clinical • HEOR • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pain • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

SPANISH COHORT OF PSORIATIC ARTHRTIS PATIENTS TREATED WITH GUSELKUMAB (EULAR 2025) - "All 112 patients were previously treated with conventional systemic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), being methotrexate (81.3%), leflunomide (41.1%) and sulfasalazine (19,6%) the most frequent treatments used respectively. A mean of 1.4 csDMARDs and 3.0 bDMARDs and tsDMARDs were used in these patients, being adalimumab (67.9%), etanercept (23.2%), golimumab (24.1%), infliximab (15.2%), certolizumab (20.5%), secukinumab (48.2%), ixekizumab (32.1%) and ustekinumab (19.2%) the most frequent therapeutic agents used. Regarding tsDMARDs JAK-i and apremilast were used in 23.2% and 20.5% of patients respectively (Figure 1B-C-D)... In this study, we present a cohort of patients from the northern of Spain treated with guselkumab under real-world clinical practice conditions with long-term effectiveness data. The drug showed high persistence (84.31% in the first year) in a more complex patient profile than those examined in clinical trials. There were no notable..."

Clinical • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CRP

JOINT GROUPS INVOLVED IN EARLY OLIGOARTICULAR PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AND THE IMPACT OF APREMILAST TREATMENT: DATA FROM FOREMOST (EULAR 2025) - P4 | "Our data indicate a mix of large and small joints are involved in early oligo PsA, with hand and finger joints by far most commonly involved. Of note, we observed similar joint patterns as reported at PsA onset in other real-world cohorts [2, 3], strengthening the value of FOREMOST in understanding early oligo PsA. Compared with PBO, APR significantly reduced joint involvement across both large and small joints."

Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Inhibition of structural damage progression with guselkumab, a selective IL-23i, in participants with active PsA: Results through Week 24 of the phase 3b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled APEX study (EULAR 2025) - P3 | " APEX enrolled biologic-naïve adults with active PsA (≥3 tender and ≥3 swollen joints; C-reactive protein ≥0.3 mg/dL) and ≥2 joints with erosions on radiographs of hands and feet, despite previous non-biologic DMARDs, apremilast, or NSAIDs. APEX is the first study to show significant inhibition of structural damage progression with both dosing regimens (Q4W and Q8W) of GUS, a dual-acting selective IL-23i. The GUS safety profile in these biologic-naïve pts with active PsA is consistent with that previously established for GUS across a broad range of pts with PsA, psoriasis, and/or inflammatory bowel disease [2]."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • P3 data • Dermatology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Pain • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CRP • IL23A

Real-World Switching Patterns for Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis on First-Line Advanced Therapies (EULAR 2025) - "Switching was evaluated for the overall population, stratified by the mechanism of action (MOA; reference IL-23i) and individual drugs (reference: risankizumab (RZB))...RZB was associated with significantly lower proportion of switchers (3.8%) than guselkumab (12.9%), followed by secukinumab (18.8%), ixekizumab (20.8%), apremilast (26.9%), etanercept (30.0%) and adalimumab (32.4%) (all P<0.05)... The proportion of PsA patients taking 1LAT who switched over 12 months was the lowest with IL-23i. At the individual drug level, RZB was associated with the lowest odds of switching."

Clinical • Metastases • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • IL12A • IL17A

Apremilast Reduces MRI Inflammation in Individual Joints and Clinical Dactylitis in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) Results From the Phase 4 MOSAIC Study (EULAR 2025) - P4 | " MOSAIC (NCT03783026) was a phase 4, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study evaluating APR as monotherapy or in combination with stable methotrexate in patients with diagnosed PsA (3 months to 5 years, meeting CASPAR inclusion criteria). Individual joint inflammation assessed by DCE-MRI in patients with PsA treated with APR significantly decreased from baseline at Weeks 24 and 48 in all of the most-affected joints (DIP, PIP, and MCP) whereas the mean sum of the total joint DEMRIQ indices did not. These data demonstrate a value of DCE-MRI technology for targeted analysis and indicate a treatment-induced decrease in inflammation in the joints most severely affected by inflammation in PsA."

Clinical • P4 data • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Pain • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Systemic and Tissue-Specific Molecular Profiling of Apremilast in Hepatic Steatosis: A Potential Therapeutic for MASLD in PsA (EULAR 2025) - "1) Apremilast demonstrated significant effects in slowing the progression of MASLD in mice, including reductions in body weight, fat mass, and the weight of metabolic organs; 2) the reduced progression of steatosis was associated with lower levels of ALT, insulin and triglycerides in MASLD mice; 3) proteomic analysis in metabolic tissues and serum revealed significant alterations in proteins related to inflammation, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism in MASLD mice compared to control mice and 4) Apremilast successfully restored the levels of key proteins involved in inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and lipid metabolism in both serum, liver and adipose tissue of MASLD mice, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic option for MASLD, particularly in the context of PsA."

Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Fibrosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CASP3 • CCL2 • CXCL1 • CXCL9 • IL1A • PARP1 • S100A4 • TNFA • TNFRSF11B

APREMILAST IN THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY MUCOSAL BEHÇET'S SYNDROME AND ITS POTENTIAL MOLECULAR MECHANISMS (EULAR 2025) - "Apremilast effectively controls BS-related refractory OUs and GUs in Chinese patients, but the relapse rate is relatively high. Gastrointestinal side effects were observed in almost 50% of patients. Transcriptional Sequencing indicates that apremilast primarily modulates key inflammatory pathways by specifically downregulating monocytes, requiring further validation."

Immunology • Pain • Rare Diseases • Vasculitis • BACH1 • BRIP1 • STAT1

Combination therapy with two biologic/targeted synthetic DMARDs in 1260 patients with immune mediated inflammatory diseases. A Systematic Literature Review for current landscape in efficacy and safety (EULAR 2025) - "The following categories were reported: TNFi+IL/23i (21 studies/245 patients), TNFi+IL/17i (3 studies/66 patients), JAKi+any b/tsDMARDs (9 studies/55 patients), Vedolizumab+JAKi (6 studies/14 patients), Vedolizumab+TNFi (17 studies/163 patients), Vedolizumab+IL/23i (14 studies/48 patients), Vedolizumab+ IL/17i (1 study/ 2 patients), Vedolizumab+ Ocrelizumab (1 study/1 patient)|, Apremilast+any b/tsDMARDs (14 studies/87 patients), Abatacept+any b/tsDMARDs (3 studies/289 patients), Rituximab+any b/tsDMARDs (5 studies/219 patients), Anakinra or Canakinumab+ any b/tsDMARDs (2 studies/166 patients) IL/17i+IL/23i (2 studies/4patients), TNFi+TNFi (1patient)...This figure appears to be even higher in the combination of vedolizumab with ustekinumab, although more data are needed for c. difficile infections in these patients... There are numerous b/tsDMARDs combinations that offer additional improvement in about half of the treatment refractory patients, across indications,..."

Clinical • Combination therapy • Review • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Crohn's disease • Dermatology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Pediatrics • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Spondylarthritis • Ulcerative Colitis

Efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib up to week 52 from POETYK PsA-2: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study in patients with psoriatic arthritis (EULAR 2025) - P3 | "Patients were randomized 3:3:1 to deucravacitinib 6 mg once daily, placebo, or apremilast 30 mg twice daily (safety reference arm) through week 16. Deucravacitinib, the first oral TYK2 inhibitor evaluated in a phase 3 PsA study, showed superior efficacy vs placebo across multiple endpoints at week 16, including musculoskeletal and dermatologic manifestations, overall disease activity measures, and quality of life in adults with active PsA. Clinical responses were maintained through week 52. Safety was consistent with the established deucravacitinib safety profile observed in the phase 2 PsA study and across the PsO clinical program [1-4]; no new safety signals were identified."

Clinical • P3 data • Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Fatigue • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Oncology • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • CRP • TYK2

Combination of Biological and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Psoriatic Arthritis (EULAR 2025) - "One patient experienced two mild upper respiratory infections (URIs) on bimekizumab and deucravacitinib, prompting a switch for risankizumab with deucravacitinib...We also identified 15 patients treated with bDMARDs combined with apremilast (APR) for a median duration of 735 days... Overall, the safety profile of bDMARD combinations with JAKi, TYK2i, and APR was favorable. Infections, primarily URIs, were the most commonly observed adverse events. All reported infections were mild, managed without hospitalization, and rarely led to therapy discontinuation."

Dental Disorders • Dermatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Pain • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Stomatitis • IL12A • IL17A

DEUCRAVACITINIB IN MODERATE TO SEVERE PLAQUE PSORIASIS: 5-YEAR, LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFICACY RESULTS FROM THE PHASE 3 POETYK PSO-1, PSO-2, AND LTE TRIALS (EULAR 2025) - P3 | " Patients were randomized 1:2:1 to oral placebo, deucravacitinib 6 mg once daily, or apremilast 30 mg twice daily. Deucravacitinib demonstrated a consistent safety profile through 5 years with no emergence of any new safety signals. Clinical efficacy rates were maintained through 5 years of continuous treatment with once-daily oral deucravacitinib. These data support the long-term safety and durable efficacy profile through 5 years of treatment with deucravacitinib, a first-in-class TYK2 inhibitor treatment for psoriasis."

Clinical • P3 data • Dermatology • Discoid Lupus Erythematosus • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Sjogren's Syndrome • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • TYK2

Apremilast Improves Patient-reported Pain Regardless of Sex and Age in Early Oligoarticular Psoriatic Arthritis: A Post-hoc Analysis From FOREMOST (EULAR 2025) - P4 | "In the FOREMOST study of early oligo PsA, APR improved patient-reported pain regardless of sex or age, with sustained benefits through Week 48. Females reported greater baseline burden of PsA-related pain than males. Younger patients showed the numerically largest improvements in pain with APR treatment compared with PBO; however, in the PBO group, older patients experienced greater improvements in pain than younger patients, potentially due to baseline imbalances in patient characteristics affecting pain outcomes, other causes of pain, or comorbidities."

Clinical • Retrospective data • Fatigue • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Pain • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Use of Apremilast for the Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (EULAR 2025) - "Three patients in the PsA group used DMARD therapy at some point – 2 used methotrexate and one used sulfasalazine. This is the largest published cohort of patients who were treated with apremilast for an irAE, primarily PsO and PsA. Apremilast for ICI-PsO allowed for limited oral steroid use compared to ICI-PsA, and tolerability in this cohort was similar to previous studies of apremilast in non-ICI settings. This study highlights the potential favorable use of apremilast for the treatment of ICI-PsO over ICI-PsA though further studies with larger patient numbers are still needed, especially to assess effects on cancer response."

Checkpoint inhibition • CNS Disorders • Depression • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genito-urinary Cancer • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Lichen Planus • Melanoma • Oncology • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Psychiatry • Rare Diseases • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Solid Tumor

Emerging Therapies for Palmoplantar Pustulosis with a Focus on IL-23 Inhibitors. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "Notably, guselkumab and risankizumab have recently been approved for PPP treatment in Japan and Korea...A recent phase 3 trial in Japan demonstrated the significant efficacy of apremilast in treating PPP, with a favorable safety profile, suggesting that apremilast may be a promising treatment option for PPP...Further large-scale, controlled studies are needed to clarify the efficacy and long-term safety of these therapies in diverse populations. This review summarizes emerging evidence on IL-23 inhibitors and other treatments for PPP, detailing their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, current challenges, and future perspectives in optimizing therapy."

Journal • Review • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Psoriasis • IL17A • IL23A

Apremilast Improves Symptom Burden & Quality of Life in Genital Psoriasis (Physician’s Weekly) - P3 | N=289 | DISCREET (NCT03777436) | Sponsor: Amgen | "More than one-third of patients assigned to apremilast achieved the primary outcome, Dr. Merola and colleagues reported, compared with about one-fifth of those assigned to placebo (39.6% vs 19.5%), representing a significant treatment difference of 20.1% (P=0.0003). At 16 weeks, 22.2% of the apremilast group achieved the secondary efficacy outcome of an overall static PGA response compared with 6.9% in the placebo group, for a treatment difference of 15.2% (95% CI, 6.9-23.6; P=0.0004)...The Genital Psoriasis Itch Numeric Rating Scale response was higher among patients assigned to apremilast compared with placebo (47.3% vs 19.6%), for a treatment difference of 27.4% (95% CI, 15.4-39.3; P<0.001), as well as the change in BSA involvement (treatment difference from baseline, -3.33 [95% CI, -5.18 to -1.47]; P<0.001)."

P3 data • Dermatology • Psoriasis

Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast in Oncological Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A 5 years Retrospective Observational Study. (PubMed, Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol) - "The findings support its role in improving disease outcomes and quality of life, emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment strategies in managing complex cases involving a history of cancer. Further research is warranted to validate these results in larger patient cohorts."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Dermatology • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Oncology • Pain • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatology • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Apremilast reduces epicardial adipose tissue in psoriasis patients (SID 2025) - P4 | "EAT volume decreased by a mean of 6.3 cm3 (95% CI: 1.8 to 10.7, p=0.009) or 4.3% from baseline after 16 weeks of treatment and by 11.4 cm3 (95% CI: 5.9 to 17.0, p<0.001) or 9.0% from baseline after 52 weeks. These findings provide evidence that greater EAT burden in psoriasis patients is associated with worse biomarkers for cardiovascular risk and that apremilast may reduce EAT burden and associated cardiovascular risks in psoriasis patients."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Dermatology • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Psoriasis

Oral upadacitinib for the management of refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced lichenoid reaction (SID 2025) - "A 79-year-old woman with metastatic renal cell carcinoma initially presented with a grade 1 pruritic, papular eruption involving the face, chest, back, and legs starting a few days after her first and only infusion of ipilimumab and nivolumab...Following continual worsening of the eruption despite a prolonged course of prednisone, three doses of dupilumab, as well as apremilast 30 mg BID, oral upadacitinib (15 mg daily) was initiated...Although JAKi should be used with caution in all patients, including those with malignancy, they exhibit a favorable safety profile in cancer patients with irAEs and exert a synergistic effect with checkpoint blockade in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma according to a phase I clinical trial. Our case highlights the potential therapeutic promise JAKi have as a steroid-sparing option for severe cirAEs."

Checkpoint inhibition • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genito-urinary Cancer • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatology • Hodgkin Lymphoma • Immunology • Lymphoma • Musculoskeletal Pain • Oncology • Pain • Renal Cell Carcinoma • Solid Tumor • IL5 • IL6

DMARDs and biologics are protective against alopecia areata in psoriasis patients (SID 2025) - "DMARDs analyzed included methotrexate, cyclosporine, apremilast. Biologic therapies included TNF-alpha inhibitors (adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, golimumab), IL-17 inhibitors (brodalumab, ixekizumab, secukinumab, bimekizumab), and IL-12/23 and IL-23 inhibitors (ustekinumab, guselkumab, risankizumab, tildrakizumab)...IL-17 inhibitors (n=7, 670) were associated with a non-significant decrease in risk (RR: 0.909; 95% CI: 0.386-2.138). These findings demonstrate the protective nature of DMARDS and biologics, particularly TNF-alpha, IL-12/23, and IL-23 inhibitors, against AA in PsO patients, highlighting the need for further research into shared mechanisms of disease underlying PsO and AA."

Clinical • Alopecia • Dermatology • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammation • Obesity • Psoriasis • IL12A • IL17A • IL23A

Topical and oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for refractory seborrheic dermatitis: A systematic review (SID 2025) - "Topical crisaborole 2% (5.02%) and oral apremilast 30mg (0.47%) were also used. The use of PDE-4 inhibitors represents a significant advancement in the management of SD, especially in patients needing long-term management, with these results highlighting their efficacy and tolerability. As more clinical data become available, PDE-4 inhibitors are likely to become a cornerstone in the treatment of SD."

Review • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pruritus • Seborrheic Dermatitis • IL10