amantadine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Designing anti-bacterial supramolecular gels from primary ammonium dicarboxylate (PAD) salts for self-delivery applications. (PubMed, Faraday Discuss) - "Synthesis, structure and supramolecular gelation behaviour of 20 PAD salts derived from 5 dicarboxylic acids - (CH2)n-(COOH)2 (n = 4, 7, 10, 12 and 14) - and 4 therapeutic amines - amantadine (AMN), tyramine (TRM), tryptamine (TRP) and mafenide (MAF) - are reported. Detailed biological studies suggested that the C14·2MAF anti-bacterial property is caused by bacterial cell membrane disruption and ROS generation. Gradual release of C14·2MAF from a MS-gel bed and sheer thinning of the gel phase, clearly indicated that the C14·2MAF MS gel has potential use as a supramolecular topical gel for anti-bacterial treatment."

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Antiviral activity of newly synthesized pyrazole derivatives against Newcastle disease virus. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Molecular docking simulation targeting immune receptor TLR4 protein (PDB ID: 3MU3) revealed that compound 6 achieved the highest docking score, surpassing both the reference drug (amantadine) and the co-crystallized ligand (LP4), primarily through hydrophobic interactions with PHE 46 residue...Impressively, the compounds also demonstrated desirable drug-likeness profiles. These findings suggest that the synthesized compounds hold promise as potent antiviral candidates."

Journal • TLR4

Repurposing Sigma-1 Receptor-Targeting Drugs for Therapeutic Advances in Neurodegenerative Disorders. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Interestingly, several medications, including fluvoxamine (an antidepressant), dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant), and amantadine (an antiviral), which were initially developed for unrelated indications, have shown encouraging results in neurodegenerative therapy through S1R activation. Furthermore, as a synergistic benefit, combining S1R-targeting drugs with other therapeutic agents may also improve treatment efficacy. In this review, we highlight key repurposed drugs targeting S1R and explore their mechanisms of action, shedding light on their emerging therapeutic potential in the fight against neurodegeneration."

Journal • Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cough • Huntington's Disease • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Investigating on Therapeutic Potential of Amantadine in mitigation of Burn Injury-Induced Chronic Pain (NeuPSIG 2025) - No abstract available

CNS Disorders • Pain

Treatment of Catatonia in Bipolar 1 Disorder With NMDA-Receptor Antagonist Memantine: A Case Series (APA 2025) - "While benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remain standard treatments, treatment resistant alternatives like NMDA-receptor antagonists' amantadine and memantine continue to be explored...Lorazepam challenge test led to excessive sedation and limited clinical response for both patients and were unable to receive ECT due to limited resources...After a week on memantine and risperidone 1 mg twice daily, Mr...C experienced a more fluctuating course of symptoms while on memantine and olanzapine 5 mg... This case series demonstrates tolerability and successful use of memantine as an alternative treatment for catatonia secondary to bipolar I disorder. Our findings also demonstrated a faster therapeutic response time in the younger male patient. Limitations include lack of long-term follow-up."

Clinical • Anesthesia • Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Immunology • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia

Social Determinants of Health in Low Resource Setting Through the Lens of Catatonia (APA 2025) - "The patient ultimately received treatment with lorazepam augmented with valproic acid, memantine, and zolpidem and only achieved partial remission...While awaiting approval, amantadine and zolpidem were utilized as augmentation strategies... This case series highlights patients who, due to legal, financial, and structural barriers, could not access gold standard catatonia therapy and were instead treated with less researched alternatives."

Bipolar Disorder • CNS Disorders • Depression • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Head Hits and Mind Tricks: A Literature Review of TBI and Psychosis" (APA 2025) - "Quetiapine and second-generation antipsychotics are preferred for their lower risk of side effects. The link between TBI/PCS and psychosis is complex, with TBI potentially leading to various psychotic symptoms. Functional neuroimaging, like SPECT, helps differentiate between schizophrenia-like and delusional TBI-related psychosis. Treatment is challenging due to the overlap of psychotic and cognitive symptoms."

Review • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • Sleep Disorder • Vascular Neurology

The Presence of an Absence: Withdrawal of Dopaminergic Medications Leading to Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (ATS 2025) - "The patient's family admitted confusion regarding his home PD medications (including both carbidopa/levodopa and amantadine) in the setting of multiple, differing prescriptions...Next, the supportive, ICU care necessary included common interventions and also rare interventions like dantrolene. Finally, non-oral PD formulations or carbidopa/levodopa ODT may help prevent NMS in acute ill PD patients with severe dysphagia. Hospital pharmacies should strategically stock at least one form of them."

Acute Kidney Injury • CNS Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Movement Disorders • Nephrology • Parkinson's Disease • Renal Disease

Amantadine-Induced Hypoglycemia in a Patient Without a History of Diabetes Mellitus (ATS 2025) - "This abstract is funded by: none Introduction : Hypoglycemia, a state of low blood glucose, has multiple etiologies with the most common being drug-induced hypoglycemia particularly in individuals with a history of diabetes with insulin, sulfonylureas, and metformin as the most frequent offenders. Amantadine was discontinued with notable stable improvement in blood glucose levels.Discussion : Amantadine has been demonstrated to decrease glucagon levels and increase insulin levels which could potentially lead to hypoglycemia.3 While the etiology of hypoglycemia in this case is possibly multifactorial given the recent decreased PO intake, infection and poor reserves, Amantadine as a possible culprit was highly likely given the negative work up for other instigating factors. In essence, this case highlights the importance of comprehensive history taking and medication reconciliation in hospitalized patients."

Clinical • Asthma • Chronic Kidney Disease • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Epilepsy • Glaucoma • Hypoglycemia • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Movement Disorders • Multiple Sclerosis • Ophthalmology • Osteoporosis • Parkinson's Disease • Pneumonia • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatology • Schizophrenia

Chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers of amantadine for nose-to-brain delivery: formulation optimization, in vitro-ex vivo characterization, and in vivo anti-parkinsonism assessment. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "AMH-NLCs showed high cell viability (88.23 ± 7.49 %) in comparison to AMH-Sol (62.14 ± 6.81 %) on H2O2 induced PC12 cells at a concentration level of 100 μg/ml. In vivo studies exhibited effectiveness of CH-AMH-NLCs and AMH-NLCs and showed increased response when compared with amantadine solution (pure form) and marketed formulation."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Exploring the Risk of Adverse Drug Events in Combination with antiparkinsonics and antipsychotics - a two-decade real-world pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FAERS database. (PubMed, Int J Neuropsychopharmacol) - "During the combined application of antiparkinsonics and AP, in addition to ADEs such as movement disorders and emerging mental symptoms, the risks of infection and inflammation should also be given key attention. Long-term follow-up should run through the entire process of disease diagnosis and treatment, and attention should be paid to the influence of drug dosage forms and dosages. The medication plan should be adjusted in a timely manner when ADEs occur."

Adverse events • Journal • Real-world evidence • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Nephrology • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry • Urology

Safety Profile of Amantadine: A Comprehensive Analysis of Real-World Adverse Events from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database. (PubMed, Curr Drug Saf) - "The study revealed significant safety concerns with amantadine, especially regarding nervous and psychiatric reactions. It highlighted the need for careful monitoring in clinical use and further research to understand mechanisms, enhance therapeutic outcomes, and minimize adverse events."

Adverse events • Journal • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry • Vascular Neurology • ROR1

Genetic diversity of A(H5N1) avian influenza viruses isolated from birds and seals in Russia in 2023. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Seven viruses had genetic markers of amantadine resistance. All the influenza A(H5N1) viruses studied showed a binding preference for α2-3-linked sialic acids, suggesting a low risk of transmission among humans. Nevertheless, monitoring of reassortment and mammalian adaptation mutations is essential for the timely identification of viruses with increased pandemic potential."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Respiratory Diseases

Successful Treatment With Intravenous Lipid Emulsion of Accidental Amantadine Overdose: A Case Report. (PubMed, Vet Med Sci) - "All clinical signs secondary to the amantadine toxicity resolved following intravenous lipid emulsion therapy and remained normal on 24 h, day 5, day 18, and day 50. This represents the first report of amantadine toxicity in a clinical setting and is the first case showing that intravenous lipid emulsion therapy could be an effective treatment for amantadine toxicity."

Journal • Movement Disorders • Ophthalmology

Correlation of motor symptoms and cardiovascular dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PubMed, Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova) - "Obtained data indicate the presence in patients with the initial stages of PD of autonomic CV dysfunction, closely related to the motor (especially walking and postural balance) symptoms of PD by a single neurodegenerative process covering both central and peripheral structures of the autonomic nervous system."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Hypertension • Hypotension • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Acute liver injury and diffuse subcutaneous pneumatosis following compound paracetamol and amantadine hydrochloride tablets poisoning: a case report. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Acute liver injury and diffuse subcutaneous pneumatosis affecting multiple regions, caused by the ingestion of a large quantity of Compound paracetamol and Amantadine hydrochloride tablets, is a rare occurrence. With early gastric lavage, blood purification, and supportive therapy, the patient was successfully treated and discharged."

Journal • Critical care • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Pain • Psychiatry

A Study of Amantadine for Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Long-Covid (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=30 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center | Trial completion date: Jun 2025 ➔ Oct 2025 | Trial primary completion date: May 2025 ➔ Sep 2025

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cognitive Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

AmantadineLC: Amantadine Therapy for Cognitive Impairment in Long COVID (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=60 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Ohio State University | Phase classification: P1 ➔ P2 | Trial completion date: May 2025 ➔ Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2025 ➔ Dec 2025

Phase classification • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cognitive Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

D-Cycloserine, a potential candidate for reducing hepatitis B virus cccDNA in vitro. (PubMed, J Virol Methods) - "Among them, several chemicals including danoprevir, L- and D-cycloserine, phenytoin sodium, amantadine, and germacrone showed a decrease in cccDNA levels. Especially, D-cycloserine diminished the secretion of HBV antigens and induced cccDNA degradation in the HBV infection system. This screening system helps to develop the therapeutic drug target to cccDNA This screening system may help develop therapeutic drugs targeting cccDNA."

Journal • Preclinical • Fibrosis • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • Hepatocellular Cancer • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Toward Personalized Medicine: The Effect of Treatment of Chronic Enterovirus Diarrhea in an Immunocompromised Patient and the Correlation With In Vitro Models. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "To explore treatment options, we assessed the presence of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against CVA1 in pooled IVIG from South Africa, where EV-Cs are prevalent, and tested the antiviral efficacy of US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs like fluoxetine, itraconazole, ribavirin, and remdesivir (RDV) against CVA1 in vitro...The patient, treated with Dutch IVIG, also received a combination of amantadine and fluoxetine, which were discontinued due to side effects...In concordance with unfavorable antiviral response in the patient, preliminary tests on a co-culture model containing isogenic human intestinal cells and intestinal fibroblasts showed no significant reduction in CVA1 RNA copies after RDV administration. In conclusion, our results showed that repurposing of drugs that have shown in vitro efficacy does not translate well to the patients, and this is also reflected in a more physiologically relevant model of the human intestine."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Primary Immunodeficiency • Rhabdomyosarcoma • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor

Stable expression of SARS-CoV-2 envelope viroporin promotes intracellular calcium depletion in human cells: relevance for endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell proliferation, pluripotency and lineage differentiation. (PubMed, Cell Calcium) - "Electrophysiological recordings in HEK293 cells revealed E-protein self-assembles in the plasma membrane to mediate a cation efflux pore that is sensitive to amantadine blockade. Calcium fluorescence imaging in HEK293 and hiPS cells demonstrated E-protein expression induces a marked depletion of thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular calcium stores...Finally, trilineage differentiation of hiPS cells indicated E-protein expression preserves cell pluripotency while selectively impairs mesodermal differentiation. These results unveil a critical role of stable E-viroporin expression that through alteration of ER Ca²⁺ homeostasis, metabolic activity and induction of ER stress affects important cellular functions, including the differentiative process from pluripotent to mesodermal progenitors, a critical cell population in self-repair and homeostasis of most human tissue and organs."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Adamantine Amantadine. (PubMed, J Gen Intern Med) - "Recognition of the serendipitous history of amantadine, first as a flu treatment and now as a Parkinson disease drug, and its adamantine persistence, and how small changes, like rearranging a few letters in a word or a DNA strand, can have a big impact."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

Neurostimulant Use for Rehabilitation and Recovery After Stroke: A Narrative Literature Review. (PubMed, Stroke) - "The qualitative analysis included 34 trials testing the following neurostimulants: methylphenidate (n=6), amphetamines (n=8), memantine (n=2), modafinil (n=2), levodopa (n=14), amantadine (n=1), bromocriptine (n=3), and ropinirole (n=1). In conclusion, there are promising results of positive effects of neurostimulants with few side effects, though studies are limited by heterogeneous designs and small sample sizes. Neurostimulant efficacy must be assessed in conjunction with specific rehabilitation modalities as part of larger, well-designed studies to best understand their effects on impairment."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Fatigue • Psychiatry

Unveiling the Uncommon: Rickettsial Infections Promoting Sudden-Onset Parkinsonism. (PubMed, Cureus) - "He was treated with a seven-day course of 100 mg doxycycline, plus a six-month course of 100 mg amantadine and 0.5 mg clonazepam, both twice daily. Additionally, these reported cases were predominantly observed in Asia, while our patient resides in the United States. This case can guide clinicians treating movement difficulties after Rickettsial infections and raise awareness of the existence of the rare etiology, treatment, and prognosis."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry

Cocrystallization of amantadine hydrochloride with nutrient: Insights into directed self- assembly and optimized biopharmaceutical character by integrating theory and experiment. (PubMed, Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc) - "Emphatically, these experimental findings are corroborated by DFT-based theoretical models, demonstrating some positive correlations between macroscopic properties and microstructures of the cocrystal. Thereby, the dual-optimization of in vivo/vitro properties of ADH allows to be fulfilled through the cocrystallization-driven strategy."

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