amphetamine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Prevalence of Illicit Drug Detection in 5 US Cities Among Out-of-Treatment People Who Inject Drugs. (PubMed, JAMA Netw Open) - "In all, 414 participants (93.2%) tested positive for fentanyl, 328 (73.9%) for cocaine, 299 (67.3%) for amphetamine-type stimulants, and 234 (52.7%) for xylazine. This cross-sectional study found widespread fentanyl and polysubstance detection, with rising xylazine and stimulant detection that varied by sociodemographic and structural vulnerabilities and may be due to adulteration within the unregulated drug supply. These findings highlight urgent public health needs for real-time drug supply surveillance, targeted harm-reduction services, and integrated treatment approaches to reduce overdose risk and address social and structural vulnerabilities."

Clinical • Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

De novo cerebral vascular malformations in hepatic cirrhosis: a case series and single center experience. (ISC 2026) - "Two years earlier he presented with right hemiparesis thought to be Todd's paresis; MRI then showed no vascular lesions.Patient 2 43-year-old female with cirrhosis, amphetamine use, prior right frontal ICH, and epilepsy presented with breakthrough seizures due to acute left frontal IPH... Chronic liver disease, fibrosis, and compensatory angiogenesis generate a systemic proangiogenic environment facilitating vascular remodeling, including formation of de novo cerebral vascular malformations. This rare association is supported by clinical reports and mechanistic parallels in angiogenesis pathways."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Fibrosis • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis

RVLM C1 Neurons Innervate Sacral as well as Thoracolumbar Autonomic Preganglionic Neurons in the Rat. (PubMed, J Comp Neurol) - "GFP-positive C1 axons provided innervation to sympathetic preganglionic neurons that expressed cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, an accepted marker of sympathetic vasomotor neurons...Furthermore, we observed a few PNMT-positive and GFP-positive C1 axons making close appositions with somatic motor neurons in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral cord and in the ventral horn at more rostral levels. These data provide a comprehensive map of the distribution of adrenergic inputs to the spinal cord and identify parasympathetic preganglionic neurons, including those involved in the micturition reflex, as well as sympathetic preganglionic neurons as the major targets for these inputs."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • CHAT

Impulsivity and attentional dysfunction in DAT-AAA knock-in mice. (PubMed, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry) - "In a mouse model with disrupted scaffolding motif of the dopamine transporter (DAT-AAA), we previously reported extensive loss of DAT expression in striatum, resulting in locomotor hyperactivity, dysfunctional reward-driven motivation, and attenuated behavioral response to amphetamine compared to wildtype (WT) controls...These preliminary findings suggest that reduced DAT expression in striatal terminals is associated with inattentive and excessive impulsive behaviors, supplementing our previously reported locomotor hyperactivity finding. The DAT-AAA mouse therefore shows face validity in terms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and may be a new model to study the neurobiology of ADHD."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Proteomic Characterization of Striatal Neurabin Interactome and Its Sex Specific Impact on Motor Behavior. (PubMed, ACS Chem Neurosci) - "While prior work has demonstrated the global and cell type-specific impact of the PP1 targeting protein, spinophilin, on striatal motor behaviors like the accelerating rotarod task and amphetamine sensitization, the role of its homologue, neurabin, is yet to be elucidated...Interestingly, using novel conditional neurabin knockout mouse lines, we found that loss of neurabin in dMSNs, but not iMSNs, enhanced performance on the accelerating rotarod task and that these effects were specific for male mice. These data highlight neurabin's particular importance to the striatal glutamatergic synapse and uncover a sex and cell type specific role for this synaptic protein in uniquely limiting skill motor learning but not psychomotor sensitization."

Journal • TNS1

Gastrointestinal Permeability and Hepatic Mechanisms of Toxicity of Chloro-Cathinones. (PubMed, Food Chem Toxicol) - "Synthetic cathinones are β-keto amphetamine derivatives structurally related to cathinone, widely used as psychoactive substances and commonly consumed orally...Cell-based assays demonstrated that 3-CIC and 4-CIC (4-chloro-N-isopropylcathinone) increased reactive oxygen species levels, suggesting a contribution of-oxidative stress-mediated damage to the cytotoxic effects of these cathinones. These findings provide new insights into the absorption properties of synthetic cathinones and their impact on liver cells, supporting the assessment of their health risks."

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Breaking the Cycle: Impact of Physical Activity on Sleep Disorders in Autism-A Five-Year Longitudinal Analysis. (PubMed, Children (Basel)) - "This large-scale observational study suggests structured physical activity interventions are associated with sustained improvements in overall sleep disorders among children and adolescents with ASD. While subtype- and subgroup-specific associations were observed, many attenuate after multiple comparison adjustments, highlighting the need for cautious interpretation. Findings support exploring physical activity in comprehensive care plans, with prospective randomized trials needed to confirm causality, optimize protocols, and address multiplicity."

Journal • Autism Spectrum Disorder • CNS Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

The Effect of Selected Cathinones on Natural Cell Membranes: Microelectrophoretic Methods. (PubMed, Molecules) - "They produce psychostimulant and hallucinogenic effects similar to cocaine, amphetamine, and MDMA, among others...The continued popularity of these compounds, coupled with limited knowledge of their precise effects on the human body, makes the problem significant and requires ongoing research. Based on the results obtained for mephedrone and clephedrone, it can be concluded that at the tested concentrations (170 ng/mL and 2700 ng/mL), they alter the surface charge density of the biological membranes of red blood cells and platelets."

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Mouse model of atypical DAT deficiency syndrome uncovers dopamine dysfunction associated with parkinsonism and ADHD. (PubMed, J Clin Invest) - "Notably, amphetamine-induced dopamine release was profoundly blunted in ventral striatum but largely preserved in dorsal striatum, implicating region-specific dopamine release dynamics as a determinant of divergent behavioral and pharmacological responses. Summarized, our findings uncover multiscale dopamine dysfunction that links presynaptic DAT impairment to synaptic and circuit-level disruptions, offering insight into atypical DTDS and the co-occurrence of movement and psychiatric features."

Journal • Preclinical • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Mental Retardation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry • CLSPN,

"A nano-enabled screen-printed paper-based electrochemical device with a 3D-printed wristband cassette design for selective and real-time detection of club drug amphetamine in complex matrices". (PubMed, Biomed Microdevices) - "The developed sensor achieved a low detection limit (LOD) of ~0.02 μg/mL with a linear range between 0.01 to 7 μg/mL. Promising results were obtained at an optimum response time of approximately 25 seconds."

Journal • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Narcolepsy • Obesity • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder

Discovery of VU6025733 (AG06827): A Highly Selective, Orally Bioavailable, and Structurally Distinct M4 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulator (PAM) with Robust In Vivo Efficacy. (PubMed, ACS Chem Neurosci) - "Moreover, VU6025733 demonstrated robust in vivo efficacy in a rat amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion model in a dose-dependent manner. However, hepatotoxicity risk precluded further development."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease • Psychiatry • Schizophrenia • CYP1A2 • CYP2C9 • CYP3A4

Mental Health and ART Adherence in a Multisite International Study: The Mediating Roles of Social Support and Substance Use in People with HIV. (PubMed, AIDS Behav) - "Cocaine, Amphetamine-type stimulants, inhalants, and opioids directly influenced adherence but did not mediate this relationship...Clinical implications include prioritizing educative, preventative, and harm-reductive approaches to specific substances that impact ART adherence. Findings may also inform interventions that emphasize strengthening social support to improve adherence in ART and care while addressing substance use as a barrier to care and well-being."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Influence of Comorbidities on Colorectal Cancer Screening Participation and Mortality. (PubMed, Am J Med Open) - P=N/A | "Patient-level laboratory and cancer registry data were used to identify patients who met a specified laboratory threshold: albumin 10,000 copies or CD4 4 mg/dL, platelets 4 µmol/L, NH3 > 20, positive urine amphetamine or cocaine, serum ethanol > 80, hemoglobin A1C > 10%, and stage 3 or 4 cancer...Patients with laboratory abnormalities were less likely to have a FIT order placed and completed, and experienced higher mortality, suggesting that screening was deferred by providers. Future studies should gather provider input to understand how patient-level electronic data could be considered in the implementation of screening services."

Journal • Colorectal Cancer • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CD4

Global burden of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use in 204 countries, 1990-2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study. (PubMed, Nat Med) - "In 2023, compared with countries where cannabis use was illegal, countries permitting both recreational and medical cannabis use had higher prevalence rates for all types of DUDs. Proactive and effective policies are essential to mitigate the increasing global burden of DUDs."

HEOR • Journal • Substance Abuse

On machine learning based QSPR analysis of amphetamine derivatives using regression models. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "cubic regression models are also found to be more capable of representing nonlinear structural relationship than quadratic ones while the efficacy and generalizability are greatly improved by extra Random Forest in particular for properties with strong dependence on molecular branching and electronic distribution. In conclusion, the results here presented confirm that NM-polynomial based descriptors effectively relate molecular topology with experimentally measurable physicochemical behavior, thus suggesting their computational use in predictive property modeling, early drug screening and cheminformatics-driven design."

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Reproductive health consequences of criminal legal involvement for women who use drugs in Taiwan. (PubMed, Int J Drug Policy) - "These findings reveal how the criminal legal system's involvement shapes reproductive health outcomes among women who use drugs. Early prosecutorial stages represent a pivotal window to integrate reproductive healthcare, reduce maternal risks, and support recovery."

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Separation of mephentermine from other structural analogues of phenethylamine and amphetamine in biological matrices using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. (PubMed, J Pharm Biomed Anal) - "Limits of identification (LOI) determined for urine and plasma/serum matrices were as follows: 0.5 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL for Oxethazaine; 1 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL for BHPT and BHMPT; 12.5 ng/mL and 25 ng/mL for PT and 5 ng/mL and 12.5 ng/mL for MPT, NEAMP, DMAMP, 4MMAMP, NEBMPEA and NNBTPEA, respectively. An analytical method characterized by rapidity, simplicity and cost-effectiveness was implemented for the chromatographic separation of stimulant structural analogues, facilitating the determination of potential stimulant abuse within human performance sports."

Journal

THE NON-ANTIBIOTIC TETRACYCLINE DDOX CONFERS NEUROPROTECTION AND ALLEVIATES MOTOR DEFICITS IN A PRECLINICAL RAT MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE (ADPD 2026) - "This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of DDOX (4-dedimethylamino-12αdeoxydoxycycline), a novel non-antibiotic tetracycline derivative...In addition, DDOX reduced amphetamine-induced rotational asymmetry, indicating preservation of dopaminergic tone. Overall, these results demonstrate that DDOX attenuates neuroinflammation and dopaminergic degeneration, confirming its potential as a therapeutic candidate for Parkinson's disease."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

MULTIMODAL MRI AS A TRANSLATIONAL ASSAY OF LESION AND DOPAMINE DEPLETION IN THE UNILATERAL 6-OHDA RAT MODEL (ADPD 2026) - "Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) also rose after amphetamine, again more strongly in the non-lesioned hemisphere. This study demonstrates a set of promising imaging biomarkers that may complement or replace the established behavioural assay of amphetamine-induced rotation, using clinically relevant imaging techniques. Importantly, this approach may be particularly valuable in models with partial lesions or progressive pathology, where behavioural assays are less informative. We propose this imaging assay as a sensitive and translational tool for evaluating experimental compounds in rodent models of Parkinson's disease."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Movement Disorders • Parkinson's Disease

DISCOVERY OF IGS01, A HIGHLY SELECTIVE MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE M4 RECEPTOR POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR (PAM) WITH A FAVORABLE DDI RISK PROFILE FOR PSYCHOSIS (ADPD 2026) - "The selective M4 PAM emraclidine demonstrated efficacy signals in Phase 1b, but missed endpoints in two Phase 2 studies, triggering multifaceted re-thinking on better ways to harness the M4-PAM MoA...In preclinical studies, IGS01 dosedependently reversed amphetamine induced hyperlocomotion and rescued amphetamine induced sensory gating deficits in rats... IGS01 has completed GLP toxicology studies en route to an IND application. It represents a new opportunity to harness M4 activation for the treatment of psychosis in geriatric patients that demands a favorable DDI risk profile."

CNS Disorders • Geriatric Disorders • Psychiatry • CYP3A4

Can the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction incorporate addiction to opioid drugs? (PubMed, Psychopharmacology (Berl)) - "Much of the original evidence for IST came from studies on psychostimulant drugs, such as amphetamine and cocaine...(4) Is dopamine necessary for opioid self-administration. We conclude that the answer to the question posed in the title of this paper is 'yes', even though there remain significant gaps in this literature that need to be filled by future studies."

Journal • Review • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • CNS Disorders • Psychiatry • Substance Abuse

Drugs past their expiration date. (PubMed, Med Lett Drugs Ther) - No abstract available

Journal

Comparison of human metabolome changes identified in a placebo-controlled amphetamine administration study versus those using forensic toxicology routine data. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "All 31 significant features from A were present in B and C; however, only 11 (36%) and 4 (13%) of them were significant mainly because of higher variation. Still, other significant features were found in routine samples (B/C).In conclusion, routine samples are generally suitable for detecting differences in the metabolome, even if they do not match those of a controlled study."

Journal

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) acts as an appetite regulator rather than as a hypoglycemic incretin in grass carp. (PubMed, Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol) - "Furthermore, GIP administration modulated central appetite regulators within 1 h, increasing expression of the anorexigenic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (cart) and decreasing expression of the orexigenic neuropeptide Y (npy) and agouti related neuropeptide (agrp). Collectively, these results indicate that in grass carp, GIP functions primarily as an appetite regulator rather than as a hypoglycemic incretin, highlighting its potential as a target for studies on appetite control in fish."

Journal • Diabetes • PCK1

Adult ADHD as a risk factor for dementia: integrating longitudinal evidence, mechanistic insights, and the role of stimulant treatment. (PubMed, Front Dement) - "Preliminary data suggest that stimulant treatments, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives, may attenuate dementia risk by normalizing dopaminergic tone, enhancing cortical plasticity, and reducing oxidative stress, although randomized trials are needed to confirm these protective effects. Emerging biomarker and genetic studies, including polygenic ADHD risk scores, α-synuclein, amyloid/tau, and GBA mutations, offer opportunities for early detection, risk stratification, and mechanistic insights. Integrating epidemiological, neuroimaging, molecular, and pharmacological data could guide targeted preventive interventions, highlighting ADHD as a developmental and potentially modifiable risk factor for late-life neurodegenerative disorders."

Journal • Review • ADHD (Impulsive Aggression) • Alzheimer's Disease • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • CNS Disorders • Dementia • Inflammation • Lewy Body Disease • Psychiatry • GBA