Aimovig (erenumab-aooe) / Amgen, Novartis - LARVOL DELTA

Introduction of Biopharmaceuticals in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Study of Early Diffusion Patterns and Data Availability. (PubMed, BioDrugs) - "This study revealed a substantial variation between European countries and regions in the early diffusion of biopharmaceuticals and the availability of data to monitor their use. The reasons behind these patterns require further investigation to support European countries in optimizing the use of biopharmaceuticals to reach an equitable and cost-effective use of medicines across Europe."

Journal • Observational data

Evaluating Erenumab versus Metoprolol for Reducing Acute Migraine Medication Use: A Target Trial Emulation Using Real-World Data (IHC 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Migraine

Participation in REFORM (REGISTRY FOR MIGRAINE – STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING BEFORE AND AFTER ERENUMAB TREATMENT) (IHC 2025) - No abstract available

MRI • CNS Disorders • Migraine

A multidisciplinary multicentric approach to the identification of BIOmarkers of MIGraine response to erenumAb (BIOMIGA project): preliminary assessment of multicentric clinical and biomolecular markers (IHC 2025) - No abstract available

Biomarker • Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine

OASIS (EM): Efficacy and Safety of Erenumab in Pediatric Participants With Episodic Migraine (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=457 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Amgen | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting

Enrollment closed • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • Pediatrics

Efficacy and Safety of Erenumab in Adults With Medication Overuse Headache: Final Results From a Phase 4 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. (PubMed, Eur J Neurol) - P4 | "Erenumab was effective in inducing and sustaining MOH remission and improving function over 1 year. Treatment compliance remained high, with safety events consistent with erenumab's known safety profile."

Clinical • Journal • P4 data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Investigational Use of Erenumab for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia Pain (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=0 | Withdrawn | Sponsor: United States Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth | Terminated ➔ Withdrawn

Trial withdrawal • Fibromyalgia • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Rheumatology

Patient Preferences for Self-Injectable Preventive Treatment for Migraine: A Multi-country Discrete Choice Experiment. (PubMed, Neurol Ther) - "Participants tended to prefer self-injectable CGRP mAb autoinjectors over non-CGRP oral preventive medications for migraine. Preferences among autoinjectors were driven by injection duration, auto-retractability of needle removal, storage requirements, and autoinjector base and pinching requirements."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Migraine • Pain

The state of insurance coverage of calcitonin gene-related peptide-targeted medications and its impact on the implementation of the American Headache Society's 2024 consensus statement: An interrupted time-series analysis. (PubMed, Headache) - "Ten months after the American Headache Society's March 2024 consensus statement made the CGRP-targeted medications first-line for the prevention of migraine, insurance companies have had incomplete compliance with the recommendations, potentially limiting the full impact of the AHS' consensus statement on the utilization of the CGRP-targeted therapies."

Journal • Reimbursement • US reimbursement • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody treatment for new daily persistent headache. (PubMed, J Headache Pain) - "CGRP mAbs were effective in approximately 1/4 patients with treatment-refractory NDPH,but less likely to be effective in NDPH than CM. This suggests that NDPH cannot be seen as equivalent to CM and that new treatment options are required for this highly disabling disorder."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Real world effectiveness of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies over three consecutive one-year treatment cycles: An intention-to-treat analysis. (PubMed, Cephalalgia) - "The ITT analysis revealed a remaining high burden of disease. While confirming mAbs effectiveness in migraine prevention, these findings underscore the need for more treatment approaches and for exploring other non-CGRP dependent pathways."

Journal • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Sequential use of OnabotulinumtoxinA and Erenumab in Chronic Migraine: Retrospective Real-World Report on Bidirectional Switching. (PubMed, Neurol Ther) - "Sequential preventive treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA and erenumab resulted in a very good response in about one-fifth of patients. Although both treatments target the CGRP pathway, their distinct mechanisms of action may still provide benefit when switching therapies after initial failure."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

A Semi-Mechanistic Mathematical Model of Immune Tolerance Induction to Support Preclinical Studies of Human Monoclonal Antibodies in Rats. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "To mitigate this effect, we have recently performed and reported on studies using short-term immunosuppressive regimens to induce prolonged immune tolerance towards a human mAb, erenumab, in rats. It also successfully captured the impact of tacrolimus/sirolimus immunomodulation on ADA formation, demonstrating that the regimen effectively suppressed ADA formations and induced immune tolerance. This work demonstrates the utility of modeling approaches to integrate pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity assessment data for the prospective planning of long-term toxicology studies to support the preclinical development of mAbs."

Journal • Preclinical • Immunology • CD4

Cost-effectiveness of abortive and preventative treatments in patients with migraine: a systematic review. (PubMed, Eur J Clin Pharmacol) - "Economic evaluations underscore the clinical benefits of novel migraine therapies but reveal price challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings. Biosimilar adoption and head-to-head cost comparisons are essential to improving access. Tailoring migraine management strategies to regional economic contexts remains critical to achieving sustainable and equitable care."

HEOR • Journal • Review • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Antagonist Use and Atypical Femur Fractures: A Case Report. (PubMed, JBJS Case Connect) - "Erenumab is a CGRP antagonist, which increases bone formation, and may be associated with atypical femur fractures. Further investigations are warranted."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology

Tolerability of switch from erenumab to fremanezumab in adults with chronic migraine: a 3-month, single-center, prospective, real-world, observational study. (PubMed, J Headache Pain) - No abstract available

Journal • Observational data • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Constipation • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Migraine • Pain

CACS: Clinical advantages of cGRPi switch, a retrospective observational study (AHS 2025) - "The advent of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists—such as erenumab (a receptor blocker) and galcanezumab, fremanezumab, eptinezumab (ligand blockers)—offers a novel targeted approach. CGRP antagonists demonstrate efficacy in managing migraines but require better data collection and patient monitoring to optimize outcomes. Continuous monitoring, personalized treatment strategies, and further research are necessary to improve clinical decision-making and healthcare efficiency. FIGURE 1."

Observational data • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Retention rates across clinical trials of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention (AHS 2025) - "Similar trials with other anti-CGRP mAbs relative to PREVAIL (ie, long-term [≥48-week] trials in chronic migraine [CM]) were included: REGAIN (galcanezumab), phase 2 trial (erenumab) and HALO CM (fremanezumab). Eptinezumab demonstrated high, long-term retention rates for preventive treatment in participants with CM and in those with migraine for whom 2-4 prior migraine preventive treatments have failed. These findings suggest a high level of participant satisfaction with continued treatment of eptinezumab."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Headphone headache (AHS 2025) - "She noted that her migraines worsened with the development of scalp allodynia where she became refractory to several pharmaceutical treatments including propranolol, cyproheptadine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, topiramate, zonisamide, venlafaxine, erenumab, galcanezumab, and magnesium infusions. One case is described in which pain associated with external compression headache in the setting of prolonged headphone use was decreased by onabotulinum toxin injections. We hypothesize that, similar in the treatment of migraine, onabotulinum toxin may work to dampen the central sensitization of the sensory neurons associated with allodynia. More research is necessary to confirm our findings."

CNS Disorders • Depression • Migraine • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Psychiatry

Erenumab for Chronic Cluster Headache: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (PubMed, JAMA Netw Open) - P2 | "Future studies should revisit the role of CGRP in CCH. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04970355; EudraCT Number: 2020-004399-16."

Clinical • Journal • Chronic Cluster Headache • Pain

Real world evidence for risk-averse behavior in the prescribing of calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies by headache specialists for the prevention of migraine: A retrospective, cohort study (AHS 2025) - "In an open-label extension study of erenumab 2/383 (0.7%) patients reported a cardiovascular event and no patients reported a cerebrovascular event in a 5 year follow up period (Ashina 2019). Other studies evaluating CGRP mAbs, such as galcanezumab and fremanezumab, are reassuring but largely limited to 1–2 year follow up studies (Yang 2025)...Patients were matched for sex, age, high cholesterol (denoted by an ICD-10 code of E78), diabetes mellitus (ICD-10 codes E10 and E11), onabotulinumtoxin A prescriptions, and duration in database... In our cohort of patients, individuals who received CGRP mAbs were overall less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with HTN, CVA, MI, or constipation, with the lowest rates in the CGRP mAb group prescribed by a headache provider and higher in in the group prescribed a CGRP mAb by a non-headache neurologist. These results suggest that headache providers may be more cognizant of the potential risks and complications of these medications...."

HEOR • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Dual calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists for chronic migraine prevention (AHS 2025) - "These medications are divided into monoclonal antibodies, "-mAbs" (erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab, and eptinezumab) and small molecule "-gepants" (rimegepant and atogepant)...Common prior or concurrent non-CGRP antagonist migraine preventive medications included topiramate (84%), tricyclic antidepressants (76%), and onabotulinumtoxinA (73%)... In our small sample, dual preventive CGRP antagonist use was well-tolerated and may be considered for patients with chronic migraine who are resistant to usual treatment. However, larger studies are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this approach."

CNS Disorders • Depression • Migraine • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry

Longitudinal effects of CGRP pathway-targeting migraine therapies on blood pressure and body mass index: A 12-month retrospective analysis (AHS 2025) - " Using data from electronic health records at Jefferson Headache Center, we conducted a retrospective study of adult patients with naïve use of either gepants (atogepant, rimegepant) or CGRP mAbs (erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab) for migraine prevention. These findings suggest that most CGRP pathway-targeting migraine medications have negligible effects on monthly changes in BP over one year. These BP differences were small in magnitude and of unclear clinical significance. Study limitations include the unbalanced distribution of medications and potential changes in antihypertensive medication regimens during the one-year study period that could not be fully captured in our model."

Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Long-term persistence of patients with chronic migraine switching to onabotulinumtoxinA or a different calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody (CGRP mAb) after initial CGRP mAb treatment (AHS 2025) - "This study included patients who had ≥1 claims of a CGRP mAb, then initiated another CGRP mAb (erenumab, fremanezumab, galacanezumab, eptinezumab) or onabotA for 12-24 months post-index. This retrospective, real-world study demonstrated that patients with CM who switched to onabotA treatment after an initial CGRP mAb were more likely to remain persistent on therapy for 12-24 months compared to patients with CM who switched to another CGRP mAb."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Real-world switch rates of injectable migraine preventive therapies in patients with chronic migraine (AHS 2025) - "The primary endpoint was treatment switching, defined by the occurrence of ≥1 claim for a different branded migraine preventive treatment (onabotA, CGRP mAb, or atogepant) in the 12 months following the index date... A total of 1869 patients met the study inclusion criteria, of which 723 initiated onabotA and 1146 initiated a CGRP mAb (303 erenumab, 308 fremanezumab, 517 galcanezumab, 18 eptinezumab) as their index therapy... Chronic migraine patients on a CGRP mAb were significantly more likely to switch to a different branded migraine preventive treatment within 12 months of treatment initiation compared to those on onabotA."

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain