Nesina (alogliptin) / Takeda, AbbVie - LARVOL DELTA

Comparative Incidence of Bullous Pemphigoid in Patients Treated with DPP-4 Inhibitors Versus Metformin: A Retrospective Cohort Study (AAD 2026) - "Patients with BP diagnoses following treatment with metformin or a DPP-4 inhibitor (alogliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, linagliptin) were identified using ICD-10 and CPT codes. In this large cohort, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with greater BP risk compared with metformin, with linagliptin showing the strongest effect. Clinicians should maintain awareness of this potential adverse outcome and consider closer dermatologic monitoring or alternative therapies in high-risk patients. Further investigation is warranted to clarify mechanisms and inform safer prescribing practices."

Retrospective data • Bullous Pemphigoid • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Musculoskeletal adverse events with incretin-based diabetes drugs: a FAERS pharmacovigilance study. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "Sex-, age-, and weight-related differences were noted for dulaglutide, liraglutide, semaglutide, sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, and saxagliptin. Median onset was shorter for GLP-1 RAs and tirzepatide (≤ 30 days) and longer for DPP-4is (55-132 days), with vildagliptin latest...Musculoskeletal AEs associated with incretin therapies differ by drug class and onset timing. Vigilant monitoring is needed during early GLP-1 RA or tirzepatide therapy and later during DPP-4i use to optimize patient safety."

Adverse events • Journal • Back Pain • Diabetes • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Muscular Atrophy • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Targeted Degradation of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 via Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera Technology for Sustained Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes. (PubMed, J Med Chem) - "In an in vivo experiment, a single administration of the DeDPP4 (10 mg/kg) elicited prolonged glycemic control, maintaining reduced blood glucose levels over 60 h, which was 5 times that of alogliptin. The DeDPP4 induced sustained GLP-1 elevation and enhanced glucose tolerance, correlating with DPP-4 degradation in liver and adipose tissues."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Targeted Protein Degradation • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • CRBN

SGLT2 Inhibitor Use and Cardiorenal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes With Liver Cirrhosis. (PubMed, JAMA Netw Open) - "Use of SGLT2is (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, and canagliflozin) or DPP4is (alogliptin, linagliptin, sitagliptin, saxagliptin, and vildagliptin). In this cohort study of patients with T2D and liver cirrhosis, the use of SGLT2is was associated with substantially lower risks of adverse kidney, cardiovascular, and hepatic outcomes compared with DPP4is. These findings suggested significant cardiorenal and hepatic protection for SGLT2is in this high-risk population."

Journal • Retrospective data • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Gastroenterology • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Repurposing alogliptin for ulcerative colitis: involvement of MicroRNAs, anti-inflammatory, and barrier-restoring mechanisms. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "Forty-eight male Wistar rats were assigned to six groups: control, alogliptin-only, UC, UC + sulfasalazine, UC + alogliptin (10 mg/kg), and UC + alogliptin (20 mg/kg). Moreover, alogliptin -at higher doses- modulated miR-145, miR-200a, and miR-34a, linking microRNA control to its anti-inflammatory and barrier-preserving effects. These findings reveal alogliptin's microRNA-driven anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and mucosal-protective mechanisms, supporting its repurposing as a DPP-4 inhibitor with therapeutic promise in ulcerative colitis."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Mucositis • Stress Ulcer • Ulcerative Colitis • ICAM1 • IL10 • IL17A • IL6 • MIR145 • MIR200A • MIR34A • OCLN • TJP1 • TNFA • VCAM1

Concomitant Use of DPP-4 Inhibitors May Prevent the Development of Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (PubMed, Clin Transl Sci) - "Previous basic studies have suggested that the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor alogliptin may prevent OIPN. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazards analysis incorporating gender, age, regimen, and concomitant DPP-4 inhibitor use as covariates confirmed that DPP-4 inhibitor use was an independent protective factor for OIPN (HR = 0.690; 95% CI, 0.490-0.972; p = 0.034). These findings suggest that concomitant use of DPP-4 inhibitors may moderate the development of OIPN in patients receiving oxaliplatin."

Journal • Retrospective data • Pain • Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

GPU-Accelerated Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Identification of Novel DPP‑4 Inhibitors. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Compounds EPZ005687, OSU-03012, and bemcentinib showed higher binding affinity and more favorable interactions within pockets S1, S2, S1', S2', and S2 ' than the FDA-approved reference drugs like alogliptin, based on MM-GBSA calculations. This combined evidence of high target affinity and enhanced cellular permeability strongly suggests these compounds are up-and-coming antidiabetic agents. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of this integrated computational strategy, along with the utilization of rigorously filtered public databases, for accelerating the discovery of safer and more effective antidiabetic treatments."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Fluorescein-Based Charge-Transfer Fluorimetric Method for Quantification of Gliptin Drugs: Comprehensive Greenness, Blueness, and Sustainability Assessment. (PubMed, Luminescence) - "A green, sustainable, and highly sensitive fluorimetric method was developed for the quantitative determination of the antidiabetic agents alogliptin, saxagliptin, and vildagliptin in bulk powders and commercial formulations. Greenness and sustainability were evaluated using multiple assessment tools (AGSA, GAPI, AGREE, MoGAPI, Eco-scale, CACI, BAGI, CaFRI, and MA tool), confirming the eco-friendly profile of the assay. The proposed method provides a reliable, green alternative for routine quality control of gliptins in pharmaceutical preparations."

Journal

The role of CD26 in breast cancer and its pan-cancer analysis. (PubMed, BMC Cancer) - "This study presents an integrative pan-cancer framework linking CD26 expression to immune infiltration, together with in vitro observations in breast cancer cells, offering a comprehensive pan-cancer and experimental characterization of CD26. CD26 might be a novel prognostic biomarker candidate and therapeutic target to counteract tumor development in highly aggressive cancer."

IO biomarker • Journal • Pan tumor • Tumor mutational burden • Breast Cancer • Microsatellite Instability • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CAFs • CD4 • CD8 • DPP4 • MMP9 • MSI • TMB

Sustained alogliptin elicits superior control of glycemia and related complications in diabetic rats: Effects on vital organs functions, biochemistry, and structure. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "This was accompanied by more alleviation by S alogliptin in tissue inflammation and damage as evidenced by reductions in heart malondialdehyde (MDA) and histopathological examination of ventricles, aorta, liver, and skeletal muscles. Overall, S Alogliptin achieved superior glycemic control and greater mitigation of metabolic and cardiovascular complications of diabetes than F Alogliptin."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • LEP

Repositioning of Alogliptin to Mitigate Secondary Injury Induced by Repetitive TBI: Potential Role of its Antioxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Effects. (PubMed, J Neuroimmune Pharmacol) - "ALO also exhibited an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in addition to its effect on the gene expression of miRNAs (miRNA-322 and miRNA-125b). In conclusion, ALO exhibited a neuroprotective effect by mitigating ER stress induced in an RTBI rat model."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Vascular Neurology • ATF6 • BDNF • HSPA5 • NTRK2

Comparative Effect of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Agonists on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. (PubMed, J Pharm Bioallied Sci) - "They were randomly given either empagliflozin, Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Ertugliflozin, Bexagliflozin, Sotagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) or liraglutide, Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, Alogliptin, Vildagliptin (n GLP-1 receptor agonist) to consume for 24 weeks. But GLP-1 agonists are better at helping people lose weight and keep their hearts healthy, so they are also a fantastic choice for people who have these problems. It's crucial to consider what each patient needs and what could go wrong while establishing treatment plans for them."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: A New Challenge in the Treatment and Management. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "The latest classes of glucose-lowering drugs introduced in the clinical practice are DPP4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, saxagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, and alogliptin), GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, liraglutide, albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide, and lixenatide), and SGLT-2 inhibitors (empaglifozin, canaglifozin, and dapaglifozin). Multiple lines of evidence show that all these new drugs associated with the treatment of diabetic disease have the same effectiveness as the traditional antidiabetic drugs, and excellent cardiovascular safety, highlighting their potential in significantly reducing major cardiovascular events and mortality. The aim of our review is to summarise the clinical efficacy of these recently introduced drugs to optimise treatment strategies, especially in the early phase of diabetic disease."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Alogliptin Reduces Oxidative Stress in Cardiomyocytes and Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via the AURKB/NLGN2 Signaling. (PubMed, Kaohsiung J Med Sci) - "Alogliptin attenuated oxidative stress, increased viability, and decreased apoptosis in cardiomyocytes treated with high glucose, which were reversed by combined knockdown of AURKB and NLGN2. Overall, alogliptin ameliorated oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes and DCM in mice by promoting AURKB expression to transcriptionally activate NLGN2."

Journal • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • AURKB

The Effect of Alogliptin Combined With Actoplus Met on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Pancreatic Function in Patients With T2DM Complicated With MAFLD. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=80 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine

New P4 trial • Diabetes • Hepatology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Analyzing the impact of a formulary conversion from alogliptin to sitagliptin on Veterans at the Hershel "Woody" Williams VA Medical Center. (ASHP 2025) - No abstract available

Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone versus dapagliflozin as an add-on to metformin and alogliptin combination therapy: the EPIDOTE study. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Pioglitazone added to metformin and alogliptin significantly improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, and was non-inferior to dapagliflozin. This study suggests that pioglitazone could be an effective and safe option for patients with inadequate glycemic control on metformin and DPP4i."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

CER-4-T2D: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Four Second Line Pharmacological Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=781430 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 ➔ Jul 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 ➔ Jan 2026

HEOR • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors: Novel Therapeutic Agents in the Management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus. (PubMed, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf) - "DPP-4 inhibitors remain effective and well-tolerated options for managing T2DM."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Alogliptin repositioning confers protection against diclofenac-induced liver injury by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB, ROS/TXNIP, and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in rats. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "This study validated the interplay among the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB/NLRP3/ASC/cleaved caspase-1, Nrf2/TXNIP, and ROS/TXNIP signaling trajectories in mediating Diclo-induced pyroptosis. Furthermore, it revealed that a dose-dependent hepatoprotective effect of Alo signifies its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-pyroptotic actions that could offer a promising strategy for alleviating Diclo-induced hepatotoxicity."

Journal • Preclinical • Hepatology • Inflammation • Liver Failure • NLRP3 • TLR4 • TRAF6 • TXNIP

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. (PubMed, J Diabetes Complications) - "Current randomized evidence indicates class-level neutrality of DPP-4 inhibitors on DR incidence, with no dose-response signal. Choice among gliptins may therefore be guided primarily by glycemic efficacy, safety, and participant characteristics rather than retinal risk."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Diabetes • Diabetic Retinopathy • Metabolic Disorders • Retinal Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Exploring the Evidence for Personalized Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes-A Systematic Review. (PubMed, J Pers Med) - " We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published from the earliest available records to 18 August 2025 using the following Boolean search terms: "miRNA AND gliclazide", "miRNA AND glibenclamide", "miRNA AND gliquidone", "miRNA AND glimepiride", "mirRNA AND metformin", "miRNA AND pioglitazone", "miRNA AND rosiglitazone", "miRNA AND sitagliptin", "miRNA AND vildagliptin", "miRNA AND alogliptin", "miRNA and saxagliptin", "miRNA AND linagliptin", "miRNA AND liraglutide", "miRNA and dulaglutide", "miRNA AND semaglutide", "miRNA AND tirzepatide", "miRNA AND lixisenatide", "miRNA AND empagliflozin", "miRNA AND dapagliflozin", miRNA AND insulin glargine", "miRNA AND insulin detemir", "miRNA AND insulin degludec", "miRNA AND..."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents on Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease and/or Diabetes-A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Endocrinol Diabetes Metab) - "The study suggests that prolonged use of Pioglitazone, Repaglinide and Alogliptin may significantly slow CIMT progression, improving cardiovascular risk management in patients with diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to understand the benefits and optimise oral hypoglycaemic treatment strategies for these patients."

Journal • Review • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

ON TARGET DM: Comparison of Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacotherapy Regimens (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=241981 | Completed | Sponsor: Kaiser Permanente | Recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 ➔ Mar 2025

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Sequel in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Various Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by utilizing widespread empirical research and randomized control trials (RCTs), evaluating sitagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin, and linagliptin. Sitagliptin and linagliptin appear neutral regarding HF risk. These findings highlight the importance of drug-specific evaluation when selecting a DPP-4 inhibitor for type-2 diabetic patients, particularly those having an elevated risk of heart failure."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus