methimazole / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Effects of Hypothyroidism on the Extracellular Matrix of the Vocal Folds of Adult Female Rats. (PubMed, Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg) - "Hypothyroidism was able to cause changes in the extracellular matrix of the vocal folds of female rats. We found an increase in the concentration of type I collagen and type III collagen in the animals with hypothyroidism. There was no difference in the concentration of elastin and hyaluronic acid between the hypothyroid and control groups."

Journal • Preclinical • Endocrine Disorders

Multifocal Fibrosing Thyroiditis vs. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report (ATA 2025) - "Case Presentation: A 62-year-old female with asthma, GERD, and a 20-year history of Graves' disease presented for total thyroidectomy due to Graves' disease on fluctuating doses of methimazole, compressive symptoms, and a Ti-RADS3 right-sided nodule...Treatment for anaplastic thyroid cancer was initiated with a dose of pembrolizumab and radiation...As MFT is a rare and can be mistaken for more common diagnoses, it may be under-diagnosed by pathologists unfamiliar with this finding. This case will add to the limited literature describing MFT, and will be the first case initially interpreted as anaplastic thyroid cancer."

Case report • Clinical • Asthma • Endocrine Disorders • Fibrosis • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Grave’s Disease • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma • BRAF • CDH1 • NKX2-1

Pembrolizumab-Induced Thyroid Storm in a Patient With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (PubMed, AACE Endocrinol Diabetes) - "She was treated with propylthiouracil, hydrocortisone, and beta-blockers, later transitioning to methimazole. She progressed to hypothyroidism and requiring long-term levothyroxine replacement...Pembrolizumab precipitated thyroiditis culminating in thyroid storm, as evidenced by the temporal relationship with therapy and development of severe thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidism and the lack of thyroid autoantibodies. Clinicians should remain vigilant regarding the potential for thyroid storm in patients undergoing pembrolizumab treatment."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

From Hormones to Heart Failure: Thyrotoxic Cardiomyopathy and Cardiorenal Syndrome in a Young Male with Graves' Disease. (ATA 2025) - "Subsequently, he was initiated on methimazole, propranolol, hydrocortisone, and IV furosemide, and he had significant clinical improvement.On the second day he developed AKI (Cr 1.21), hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia. Our situation is similar to other documented cases of Graves' disease-related heart failure with systemic complications such as AKI and hyperkalemia, suggesting cardiorenal syndrome. The significance of early detection and intervention in endocrine-cardiac syndromes was emphasized by the prompt multidisciplinary management with antithyroid therapy, beta-blockade, steroids, and GDMT."

Late-breaking abstract • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Constipation • Endocrine Cancer • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Grave’s Disease • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

A Paradoxical Pause: Heart Block as an Atypical Cardiac Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism (ATA 2025) - "The patient was then initiated on methimazole 20 mg daily...Further research is necessary to better define the incidence and expected clinical course and response to treatment of hyperthyroidism associated with AV block. Studies should also explore whether factors such as patient age, duration of heart block, or biochemical severity of thyrotoxicosis can help predict which patient may require earlier pacemaker implantation."

Late-breaking abstract • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Endocrine Disorders • Heart Failure • Hypertension • Immunology • Inflammation • Mood Disorders • Movement Disorders • Psychiatry • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Improving Levothyroxine Adherence in an Elderly Polypharmacy Patient: A Multifaceted Intervention (ATA 2025) - "Introduction : Methimazole achieves high three-month compliance rates (~83%), thanks to once-daily dosing and low burden 1)...Current medications included levothyroxine, sitafloxacin, clofazimine, and entecavir, with a history of numerous antibiotics...Additionally, pharmacist-supported TSH monitoring programs reduced non-compliance from 79 to 18%, with 60% of patients actively managing dosing 5). This case emphasizes that to improve levothyroxine adherence in complex elderly patients, a multifaceted approach is essential—from using patient-friendly formulations and digital reminders to integrating pharmacist-led TSH monitoring."

Adherence • Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • Alzheimer's Disease • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Cognitive Disorders • Fatigue • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Interstitial Lung Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Scleroderma • Sjogren's Syndrome • Systemic Sclerosis

A Case of Stroke Following Thyroid Artery Embolization for Multinodular Goiter (ATA 2025) - "She had a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis transitioning to hyperthyroidism previously, managed with methimazole since 2018...Uncontrolled diabetes may have further increased this patient's vulnerability to stroke. This case emphasizes the significance of careful patient selection, vigilant post-procedure monitoring, and maintaining a high index of suspicion for neurologic complications following TAE to ensure timely diagnosis and management."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Hypoparathyroidism • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A Diagnostic Challenge: Coexisting Myasthenia Gravis in a Patient with Graves Disease (ATA 2025) - "She was clinically and biochemically thyrotoxic and was started on methimazole and propranolol. MG can precede, follow, or occur concurrently with Graves disease, and timely recognition is crucial to avoid unnecessary complications. This case underscores that the presence of one autoimmune disease should prompt consideration of others, and that multidisciplinary care is often required for optimal management, especially in patients with fluctuating or unexplained symptoms."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Grave’s Disease • Myasthenia Gravis

Early Clinical Experience with Nanosecond Pulsed Field Ablation (nsPFA) in an Outpatient Clinic for Management of Symptomatic Benign Thyroid Nodules (ATA 2025) - "In these cases, patients were initially managed with methimazole or PTU, but antithyroid medications were successfully discontinued one month after ablation... At one-month post-procedure, the mean nodule volume reduction was 50.63% (95% CI: 43.08, 58.17). At three months and six months, the average nodule volume reduction were 52.87% (95% CI: 45.32, 60.42) and 51.19% (95% CI: 39.43, 62.95) respectively, demonstrating sustained efficacy over time. No procedural or post-procedural complications were observed."

Clinical • Oncology

Three Cases of Methimazole-Induced Drug Fever in Patients with Graves' Hyperthyroidism (ATA 2025) - "Two patients were subsequently transitioned to propylthiouracil, with sustained euthyroidism and no recurrence of fever; however, one patient developed mild drug eruption. Although further studies involving a larger number of cases are needed, this study indicates that switching to an alternative ATD is feasible in selected cases, particularly when definitive therapies such as radioactive iodine or surgery are unsuitable. Increased awareness of drug fever as a rare but important complication may help optimize clinical decision making when managing patients treated with ATDs."

Clinical • Agranulocytosis • Endocrine Disorders • Granulocytopenia • Grave’s Disease • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Musculoskeletal Pain • Neutropenia • CRP

An Autoimmune See-Saw: A Case of Oscillating Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism (ATA 2025) - "On account of her medical history, a "block and replace" therapeutic approach was initiated using thiamazole and levothyroxine, resulting in a favorable response both clinically and biochemically. Despite its rarity, patients with this condition typically demonstrate a favorable response to appropriate medical therapy. This case spotlights the dynamic nature of autoimmune thyroid disease and its management."

Clinical • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Grave’s Disease • Immunology

Graves' Disease- A Known but Rare Occurrence After Thermal ablation of Thyroid Nodules (ATA 2025) - "However, follow-up in 1-year post RFA showed development of hyperthyroidism related to GD (TSH 0.01 mIU/L, FT4 2.1 ng/dL, TSI 371%) leading to the initiation of methimazole.DiscussionRFA is a minimally invasive treatment for benign thyroid nodules and autonomously functioning thyroid nodules that preserves glandular tissue and offers quick recovery...This underscores the need for careful thyroid function monitoring before and after RFA. Further research is needed to understand the link between thermal ablation and thyroid autoimmunity to improve patient surveillance."

Endocrine Disorders • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Grave’s Disease • Otorhinolaryngology

Association Between Thionamide and Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Chart Review Study (ATA 2025) - "This study aims to identify patients with concurrent use of methimazole (MMI) or propylthiouracil (PTU) and a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, evaluate risk factors, and assess potential causality through individual case reviews.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case review using the University of Florida Integrated Data, identifying patients aged 18 or older, seen between January 1, 2011, and April 15, 2025, who were prescribed MMI or PTU and had an ICD-coded diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.ResultsOf 3,971 patients treated with thionamides, 20 (70% female; 50% Black race; median age 64 years; median BMI 25.5) were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis; all received MMI. One case could be attributed to chronic use of methimazole; however, in contrast to reported literature, the event did not occur within the first 18 months of treatment. These findings highlight the diagnostic challenges in attributing causality, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation."

Retrospective data • Review • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Grave’s Disease • Hypertriglyceridemia • Pancreatitis

Familial non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism harboring heterozygous TSHR p.Asn406Ser mutation: clinical characteristics and outcome of radioiodine therapy (ATA 2025) - "The latest treatments were as follows: RIT in 11 patients, surgery in three patients (papillary thyroid carcinoma, n=2; large goiter, n=1), methimazole (n=2), potassium iodide (n=1), and observation without treatment (n=2). The clinical characteristics of 14 untreated patients (male, n=5; female, n=9) were as follows: the median age at the diagnosis of FNAH was 39 years (range, 19 to 79)... Patients with FNAH harboring heterozygous TSHR p.Asn406Ser mutation have mild hyperthyroidism, but their thyroid volumes vary among patients. RIT is an effective definitive treatment for those FNAH patients."

Clinical • Endocrine Disorders • Immunology • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma • TSHR

The Impact of Minimal Dose Strategy Before Antithyroid Drug Discontinuation on Relapse risk in Graves' Disease: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study (ATA 2025) - "Patients newly diagnosed with Graves' disease between 2008 and 2024 who discontinued methimazole (MMI) after receiving a minimal maintenance dose (≤2.5 mg/day) were included... Lower minimum maintenance doses of MMI before discontinuation, particularly doses below 2.5 mg/day, may be associated with a reduced risk of relapse in patients with Graves' disease. It may be important for clinicians to recognize the clinical relevance of the minimum maintenance dose in the treatment of Graves' disease."

Retrospective data • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease

Hereditary Hemochromatosis Unmasked by Graves' Hyperthyroidism: A Case Report (ATA 2025) - "It showed suppressed TSH, elevated free T4 and T3 levels, and a positive thyroid receptor antibody.Following the initiation of antithyroid therapy with methimazole, the patient showed significant clinical improvement... This case highlights the need to consider Graves' disease in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cholestatic jaundice. Additionally, primary liver disease should be regarded as a potential cause of liver dysfunction in a patient with confirmed GD, especially if there is a persistent abnormality that continues after controlling the hyperthyroidism."

Case report • Clinical • Asthma • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Movement Disorders • Pruritus • Respiratory Diseases

Thyroidectomy for Recalcitrant Amiodarone Induced Thyrotoxicosis: A Case Series (ATA 2025) - "All patients received a combination of methimazole and prednisone for an average of six weeks, without improvement in thyroid function, and with ongoing cardiac decompensation. Delay in surgical intervention is often attributed to concerns over operative risk, contributing to poorer outcomes. (3) These cases highlight the importance of early recognition of refractory AIT and the timely involvement of a multidisciplinary team—including endocrinology, cardiology, endocrine surgery, and cardiac anesthesia—to optimize patient outcomes and reduce procedural risks."

Clinical • Anesthesia • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Endocrine Disorders • Ventricular Tachycardia

Thyroid Abscess Masquerading as Toxic Nodule: A Rare Case of Enterobacter hormaechei Infection and Iodine-Induced Thyrotoxicosis (ATA 2025) - "Methimazole was initiated for presumed toxic nodule...Culture of this aspirate grew Enterobacter hormaechei, resistant to ceftriaxone but sensitive to cefepime. The patient was treated with IV cefepime and oral metronidazole with resolution of leukocytosis and clinical improvement. This case highlights a rare instance of a preexisting thyroid nodule complicated by Enterobacter hormaechei infection...This case illustrates the challenge of diagnosing a thyroid abscess. Despite the rarity of these cases, high clinical suspicion should be maintained in the appropriate clinical contexts to prevent diagnostic delay."

Clinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Renal Disease

Thyroid Abscess Masquerading as Toxic Nodule: A Rare Case of Enterobacter hormaechei Infection and Iodine-Induced Thyrotoxicosis (ATA 2025) - "Methimazole was initiated for presumed toxic nodule...Culture of this aspirate grew Enterobacter hormaechei, resistant to ceftriaxone but sensitive to cefepime. The patient was treated with IV cefepime and oral metronidazole with resolution of leukocytosis and clinical improvement. This case highlights a rare instance of a preexisting thyroid nodule complicated by Enterobacter hormaechei infection...This case illustrates the challenge of diagnosing a thyroid abscess. Despite the rarity of these cases, high clinical suspicion should be maintained in the appropriate clinical contexts to prevent diagnostic delay."

Clinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Renal Disease

A New and Untimely Presentation of Methimazole-Induced Agranulocytosis (ATA 2025) - "Upon admission, MMI was discontinued, and her hyperthyroidism was treated with cholestyramine as a bridge to definitive therapy. Anti-thyroid drug induced agranulocytosis is the most common cause of drug-induced agranulocytosis and most typically occurs within the first 3 months of therapy (1). There are few case reports documenting agranulocytosis despite months of therapy or after discontinuation of therapy (2); however, occurrence after three years on doses of 2.5-5mg every other day to daily are rarely reported. Additionally, we were unable to find any literature reporting a presenting infection of folliculitis and believe this to be the first report of such."

Agranulocytosis • Endocrine Disorders • Febrile Neutropenia • Granulocytopenia • Grave’s Disease • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia

Adjunctive Therapies for Treatment of Refractory Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis Presenting as Ventricular Tachycardia Storm and Thyroid Storm (ATA 2025) - "Introduction Thyrotoxicosis is a recognized side effect of amiodarone, and treatment with glucocorticoids and/or methimazole often leads to clinical improvement...She was treated for thyroid storm: PTU 250mg every 4h, SSKI 5 drops and hydrocortisone 100mg every 6 hours...Postoperatively, she remains euthyroid on levothyroxine replacement and awaits heart transplantation for end-stage cardiomyopathy...Stellate ganglion nerve block can be used for refractory tachycardias precipitated by increased sympathetic input, including thyrotoxicosis. Plasmapheresis offers an established method to rapidly lower thyroid hormone levels, facilitating safer surgical intervention and expediting clinical recovery when standard therapies are inadequate."

Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Hypotension • Ventricular Tachycardia

A Crisis Within a Crisis: Severe ITP Induced by Uncontrolled Hyperthyroidism (ATA 2025) - "The acute ITP flare was managed with dexamethasone 40 mg IV daily for 4 days, which is important to reduce the conversion of T4 to T3, suppress the immune system, and lower inflammation, particularly when the underlying cause is autoimmune. Thyrotoxicosis symptoms were managed with methimazole and propranolol, for heart rate control and inhibition of peripheral T4 to T3 conversion...In this case, treatment of thyrotoxicosis not only improved systemic symptoms but also stabilized platelet counts, supporting the immunomodulatory effects of thyroid normalization.In patients with autoimmune cytopenias like ITP who present with systemic symptoms such as weight loss, tremors, tachycardia, or gastrointestinal changes, thyroid function should be evaluated promptly. Early recognition and treatment of hyperthyroidism can dramatically impact both endocrine and hematologic outcomes."

Cardiovascular • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Hematological Disorders • Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Immunology • Inflammation • Movement Disorders • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Dupilumab-Induced Graves' Disease in an Adult With Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient was started on methimazole and remains stable on both methimazole and dupilumab. Physicians should consider monitoring thyroid function in patients on dupilumab, especially those with immune-mediated conditions. Further studies are needed to clarify this mechanism and guide screening guidelines."

Journal • Asthma • Atopic Dermatitis • Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Immunology • Nasal Polyps • Otorhinolaryngology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sinusitis • IL13 • IL4

Hashimoto's thyroiditis in children and adolescents: analysis of long-term course. (PubMed, J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab) - "Given its dynamic nature, HT requires continuous monitoring through regular clinical assessments and thyroid function testing."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders

Prospective Evaluation of OptiThyDose (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=150 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University Children's Hospital Basel | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting | Initiation date: Mar 2025 ➔ Aug 2025

Enrollment open • Trial initiation date • Endocrine Disorders • Grave’s Disease