Emblaveo (aztreonam/avibactam) / Pfizer, AstraZeneca, AbbVie - LARVOL DELTA

Genomic analysis of carbapenemase-encoding plasmids and antibiotic resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Vietnam, 2021. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "Despite their resistance to many antibiotics, most strains remained susceptible to newer substances like cefiderocol and aztreonam/avibactam. This research provides insight into the epidemiology of the carbapenemase gene-harboring plasmids in a Vietnamese hospital. Understanding these resistance patterns can help guide antibiotic use and policy decisions to combat the growing threat of multidrug-resistant infections in Vietnam."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Diagnostic algorithm for the detection of carbapenemases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "We used the following BL-BLI combinations: ceftolozane-tazobactam (C-T), ceftazidime-avibactam, imipenem-relebactam (I-R), meropenem-vaborbactam, cefepime-enmetazobactam (C-E), and aztreonam-avibactam. This method is particularly valuable for laboratories lacking access to molecular diagnostics, as it provides a practical alternative for routine testing. By facilitating the early detection of resistant P. aeruginosa strains, this approach has the potential to improve patient outcomes, optimize antimicrobial therapy, and enhance global surveillance efforts against multidrug-resistant pathogens."

Journal • Infectious Disease

CEFTAZIDIME-AVIBACTAM PLUS AZTREONAM IN MANAGING MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRICS: A SINGLE-CENTRE CASE SERIES. (ESPID 2025) - "Background Aztreonam-avibactam targets multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens, including those producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBL). Combination of aztreonam-avibactam has recently been licensed to use in adults and may soon be available in children. Larger trials are needed to establish its efficacy and place in paediatric guidelines."

Clinical • Gram negative • Cognitive Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics

Frequency, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Stratified by United States Census Divisions: Results From the INFORM Program (2018-2022). (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "Recently approved β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, such as ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relebactam, have demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) from US hospitals, but resistance may emerge with the increasing use of these compounds. Aztreonam-avibactam showed potent activity against CRE, including MBL producers. Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam was observed among CRE because of increasing occurrence of MBL-producing isolates."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in Chinese children: in vitro activities of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam against carbapenemase-producing strains in a two-center study. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "The sensitivity rates of KPC-KP to CZA and NDM-KP to AZA were 100%, and the MIC50 of the CRKP to CZA and AZA were 2 μg/mL and 0.125μg/mL, respectively. The epidemiological characteristics of Chinese children with CRKP infections, including the resistance genes and the antibiotic resistance of CRKP, exhibited significant variation between the two regions.KPC-KP strains had higher antimicrobial resistance in patients and thus should be given more attention in clinics and infection control."

Journal • Preclinical • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumonia

Geographic variations in distributions of carbapenemase-encoding genes, susceptibilities, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of inpatient meropenem-resistant Enterobacterales to ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and aztreonam-avibactam across four global regions: 2020-2022 Data from the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance. (PubMed, Int J Antimicrob Agents) - "The MIC50/90 values of CPE isolates to ATM-AVI were 0.12/0.25 mg/L and 0.5/1 mg/L, respectively, regardless of collection region, dual carbapenemase production, or infection source. These trends in resistance to novel antibiotics among contemporary CPE isolates need close monitoring."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Newly developed antibiotics against multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: action and resistance mechanisms. (PubMed, Arch Microbiol) - "Porin modifications reduce the influx of antibiotics, whereas overexpression of efflux pumps, particularly those in the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family, actively expels antibiotics from bacterial cells, significantly lowering intracellular drug concentrations and leading to treatment failure.This review examines the mechanisms of action, resistance profiles, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of newly developed antibiotics designed to combat infections caused by MDR and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. The antibiotics discussed include ceftazidime-avibactam, imipenem-relebactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, aztreonam-avibactam, delafloxacin, temocillin, plazomicin, cefiderocol, and eravacycline."

Journal • Review • Critical care • Infectious Disease

Spectrum of cefepime-taniborbactam coverage against 190 β-lactamases defined in engineered isogenic Escherichia coli strains. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "Among the 129 β-lactamase-overproducing strains with increased cefepime MIC ≥16-fold relative to the control strain, taniborbactam potentiated cefepime MIC by ≥8-fold for 113 strains overexpressing β-lactamases (42 Ambler class A, 24 B, 23 C, and 24 D). Cefepime-taniborbactam demonstrated broader activity relative to ceftazidime-avibactam and comparable activity with aztreonam-avibactam in the overall coverage of both serine- and metallo-β-lactamases from all four Ambler classes."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Emerging resistance mechanisms to newer β-lactams in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (PubMed, Clin Microbiol Infect) - "A deep understanding of emerging resistance mechanisms, including their conferred cross resistances and collateral susceptibilities, should be useful for the optimization of treatments of severe XDR/DTR P. aeruginosa infections."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease

Geographic variations in distributions of carbapenemase-encoding genes, susceptibilities, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of inpatient meropenem-resistant Enterobacterales to ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, and aztreonam/avibactam across four global regions: 2020-2022 data from the antimicrobial testing leadership and surveillance (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical

Genetic background of aztreonam-avibactam resistant Enterobacterales in Germany (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Late-breaking abstract

Feasibility assessment for indirect treatment comparisons (ITC) of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) vs comparators for treating serious infections caused by Enterobacterales, including metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing pathogens (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Infectious Disease

Using the STEDI AMR value framework to estimate the clinical and economic value of aztreonam/avibactam in treating metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales infections in Spain (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Efficacy of aztreonam/avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, and cefiderocol against multidrug-resistant and putative-hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Clinical, microbiological, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target attainment analyses to support EUCAST aztreonam/avibactam minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints against Enterobacterales (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • PK/PD data

Aztreonam/avibactam is more sparing to the gut microbiome than ceftazidime/avibactam with aztreonam in a human in vitro gut model (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

The in vitro activity of aztreonam-avibactam against Enterobacterales isolates positive for metallo-beta-lactamases or serine-carbapenemases by commonly used in vitro diagnostic kits (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Diagnostic kit • Preclinical

Bacteriophage EC10P1 re-sensitises multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli 456 to aztreonam/avibactam (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Activity of zidovudine against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales, including cefiderocol and aztreonam/avibactam resistant isolates, and characterisation of in vitro selected resistant isolates (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

Aztreonam/avibactam resistance rates and resistance mechanisms of NDM-carbapenemase-producing-Enterobacterales (CPE) and NDM/OXA48-like-dual-CPE in Singapore (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

In vitro activity of aztreonam and aztreonam/avibactam against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Peru (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

Comparison of broth microdilution and antimicrobial gradient strip test in determining in vitro activity of aztreonam/avibactam in metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

Evaluation of aztreonam/avibactam alone and in combination with colistin against ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Combination therapy • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of aztreonam/avibactam and aztreonam plus ceftazidime/avibactam against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: revisiting the role of ceftazidime (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

Susceptibility of Enterobacterales collected globally to aztreonam/avibactam and comparator agents stratified by infection source: ATLAS surveillance programme 2019-2023 (ESCMID Global 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Infectious Disease