carbocisteine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Hyperforin-induced gut microbiota metabolite carbocysteine protects against depressive-like behaviors in mice by modulating the colonic mucus barrier. (PubMed, J Affect Disord) - "Our research highlights Hyperforin's role in modulating gut microbiota metabolism and identifies Carbocysteine as a potential antidepressant. These findings advance our understanding of the gut-brain axis (GBA) in depression and pave the way for developing new therapeutics."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Depression • Psychiatry

Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Carbocisteine in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=46 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open • Hepatology • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Carbocisteine in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=46 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Tanta University

New P2 trial • Hepatology • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Effect of Carbocysteine on Exacerbations and Lung Function in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. (PubMed, Arch Bronconeumol) - P4 | "Our findings suggested that carbocysteine might not significantly reduce the annual rate of total exacerbations in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD. The findings may have been compromised by an overestimation of the efficacy of carbocysteine on reducing exacerbations in mild-to-moderate COPD and potential confounding by baseline imbalances. The efficacy on lung function could not be adequately evaluated. Clinical trial registered with Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1800016712)."

Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Physiology and pathophysiology of mucus and mucolytic use in critically ill patients. (PubMed, Crit Care) - "Mucolytics, including hypertonic saline, dornase alfa/rhDNase, nebulised heparin, carbocisteine/N-Acetyl cysteine, are commonly used in critically ill patients. This review summarises the physiology and pathophysiology of mucus and the existing evidence for the use of mucolytics in critically ill patients and speculates on journey to individualised mucolytic therapy."

Journal • Review • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A New Fluorescence Probe for the Quantification of Acetylcysteine and Carbocisteine in Bulk and Spiked Urine: Greenness Appraisal by Exploiting Different GAC-Metric Strategies. (PubMed, Luminescence) - "The proposed spectrofluorometric platform was successfully applied to the analysis of ACT and CST in pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked urine, within concentration ranges 0.25-2.25 and 0.25-2.50 μg/mL and LODs = 80.21 and 71.48 ng/mL, respectively. Finally, the greenness of the proposed protocol was evaluated employing GAPI, hexagon, and AGREE approaches."

Journal

Carbocysteine in Participants wtih Pre-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in China (CP-COPD): A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter clinical Trial (ChiCTR) - P4 | N=502 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University/Guangzhou National Laboratory; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical Univer

New P4 trial • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Evaluation of the Effect of Expectorants on Airway Microbiome Composition in Stable COPD Patients (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=150 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Ningbo First Hospital; Ningbo First Hospital

New trial • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IL13 • IL4 • IL5 • IL6

Efficacy and safety of mucolytics in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Respir Investig) - "Mucolytics reduce exacerbations and hospitalizations in patients with stable COPD and have a safety profile comparable to that of placebo."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Safety profile of drugs used in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a narrative review. (PubMed, Ther Adv Drug Saf) - "Most of the drugs used in daily clinical practice for bronchiectasis are off-label with no randomised trials exploring their safety. This review aims at exploring the safety profile of drugs frequently used in clinical practice to manage bronchiectasis, including antibiotics (e.g. macrolides, aminoglycosides, polymyxins, fluoroquinolones, aztreonam), mucoactive therapy (e.g. hypertonic saline, mannitol, DNase and carbocisteine), anti-inflammatory therapy (inhaled corticosteroids) and drugs currently in development for use in bronchiectasis (e.g. brensocatib, benralizumab and itepekimab)."

Journal • Review • Bronchiectasis • Cough • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Non‐Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption secondary to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. (EADV 2024) - "Additionally, the mother reported that the child had previously suffered from a cold, which was treated with carbocisteine and paracetamol...Serologies and PCR of mucosal swabs were performed, and due to the patient ’ s poor general state, hospital admission was proposed to begin treatment with intravenous acyclovir and prednisone, care for the oral mucosa with mupirocin, and dexamethasone eye drops for the conjunctivitis...All microbiological tests were negative (including for mycoplasma and herpes virus) , leading to the discontinuation of acyclovir and the initiation of azithromycin for 5 days...Generally, the course of the disease is mild with an excellent prognosis. Treatment primarily consists of targeted antimicrobial therapy (macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones) and supportive measures."

Conjunctivitis • Dermatology • Infectious Disease • Mucositis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pneumonia • Steven-Johnson Syndrome • Stomatitis

Treatment Patterns and Determinants of Maintenance Therapy for Patients With Stable and Exacerbated COPD: Insights From a Multi-center Cohort Study in China (ATS 2024) - "81]) and N-acetylcysteine/carbocysteine use (OR=1. The findings suggest variations in treatment patterns among patients with stable and exacerbated COPD in Chinese secondary and tertiary hospitals. Factors such as severity of disease, symptom scores, and income levels were found to be associated with specific treatment choices. These results provide insights that can guide healthcare providers in developing personalized maintenance therapy plans for COPD patients in China."

Clinical • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Impact of Indacaterol/Glycopyrrolate on Pulmonary Function and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire Score in Individuals with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (PubMed, Altern Ther Health Med) - "The conventional group received oral carbocisteine tablets, while the combined compound preparation group received indacaterol/glycopyrrolate inhalation powder spray in addition to the conventional treatment. In treatment of stable COPD patients, the combination of indacaterol/glycopyrrolate with carbocisteine tablets enhances pulmonary function, alleviates airway inflammatory reactions, improves clinical efficacy, enhances psychological resilience, and elevates the quality of life compared to carbocisteine tablets alone. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic benefits of the combined compound preparation in managing stable COPD."

Journal • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IL6 • TNFA

Antioxidant therapies for obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Sleep Breath) - "Antioxidant therapy in patients with OSA is associated with improved endothelial function, reduced oxidative stress, and improved sleep parameters. These results call for future multicentre studies with longer follow-ups to assess the utility of antioxidant therapy in patients with OSA."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder

Risk of major birth defects after first-trimester exposure to carbocisteine and ambroxol: A multicenter prospective cohort study using counseling data for drug safety during pregnancy. (PubMed, Congenit Anom (Kyoto)) - "This study demonstrated that carbocisteine and ambroxol exposure during the first trimester was not associated with an increased risk of major birth defects. These results could help in counseling for the use of these drugs during pregnancy and further alleviate anxiety in patients."

Journal • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry

Role of airway epithelium in viral respiratory infections: Can carbocysteine prevent or mitigate them? (PubMed, Immunology) - "Although the use of anti-oxidants has been proposed as an effective strategy in COPD exacerbations management, the molecular mechanisms that explain carbocysteine efficacy have not yet been fully clarified. The present review describes the most relevant features of the common respiratory virus pathophysiology with a focus on epithelial cells and oxidative stress role and reports data supporting a putative role of carbocysteine in viral respiratory infections."

Journal • Review • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Quantification of the Immunometabolite Protein Modifications S-2-Succinocysteine and 2,3- Dicarboxypropylcysteine. (PubMed, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab) - "To quantify the stoichiometry of succination and dicarboxypropylation, reduced cysteines were alkylated with iodoacetic acid to form S-carboxymethylcysteine (CMC) which was then esterified...This methodology to simultaneously distinguish and quantify both 2SC and 2,3-DCP will have broad applications in the physiology of metabolic diseases. In addition, we find that available anti-2SC antibodies also detect the structurally similar 2,3-DCP, therefore 'succinate moiety' may better describe the antigen recognized."

Journal • Metabolic Disorders

Clinical Profiles of Japanese Patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Collected by a Nationwide System from 2006 to 2023. (PubMed, Biol Pharm Bull) - "Acetaminophen, antibiotics, and carbocisteine were linked to high frequencies of severe ocular symptoms and ocular sequelae (p < 0.05)...Hepatic dysfunction, was common in both SJS and TEN, and antiepileptic drugs carried higher risks of hepatic dysfunction than the other drug groups (p = 0.0032). This study revealed that the clinical manifestations of SJS/TEN vary according to the causative drugs."

Journal • Dermatology • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Pain • Steven-Johnson Syndrome

Integrated metabolomics and proteomics analysis to understand muscle atrophy resistance in hibernating Spermophilus dauricus. (PubMed, Cryobiology) - "Among these, l-cystathionine, l-proline, ketoleucine, serine, and 1-Hydroxy-3,6,7-Trimethoxy-2, 8-Diprenylxanthone demonstrated the highest levels in the TOR stage; Beta-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Dihydrozeatin, Pannaric acid, and Propionylcarnitine demonstrated the highest levels in the IBA stage; Adrenosterone, PS (18:0/14,15-EpETE), S-Carboxymethylcysteine, TxB2, and 3-Phenoxybenzylalcohol demonstrated the highest levels in the POST stage...Overall, our findings suggest that (1) the periodic change of proline, ketoleucine, and serine contributes to the hindlimb lean tissue preservation; and (2) key metabolites related to the biosynthesis of amino acids, ATP-binding cassette transporters, and cysteine and methionine metabolism may be associated with muscle atrophy resistance. In conclusion, our co-differential metabolites, co-differential metabolism pathways, stage-specific metabolism pathways, and integrated enzyme-centered metabolism networks are informative..."

Journal • Muscular Atrophy

Fixed carbocysteine drug eruption. Clinical case in primary care (PubMed, Semergen) - No abstract available

Journal

THORACIC SOCIETIES MEMBER'S VIEW OF CHRONIC COUGH (BTS WM 2023) - "The most common therapies used were proton pump inhibitors, carbocisteine and nasal corticosteroids. Opiates, with the exception of morphine were rarely prescribed...These findings indicate that whilst clinical investigation adheres to guidelines, prescribing is not evidence based. There is a need and desire for further training in this disease."

Allergy • Chronic Cough • Cough • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Two cases of generalized pustular psoriasis successfully treated with spesolimab (EADV 2023) - " A 37-year-old female took carbocisteine and clofedanol hydrochloride for persistent cough after COVID- 19 infection six days before her referral to our department...Three years later, she initiated infliximab...She switched to adalimumab. Two years later, due to aggravation of eruption, she switched to secukinumab. Four months later, however, its insufficient improvement resulted in switching to brodalumab. One year later, she switched to ixekizumab for more improvement...Two courses of spesolimab cleared pustules on palms and soles, and good conditions were maintained with bimekizumab... Spesolimab was effective for GPP at an acute phase and GPP which was refractory to other biologics. Infusion reaction should also be noted as one of adverse events."

Clinical • Chronic Cough • Cough • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Psoriasis • Pustular Psoriasis • Respiratory Diseases • CRP

Decreased mucolytic prescriptions in Phe508del homozygous Cystic Fibrosis Adults on Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (Kaftrio/Trikafta) (ERS 2023) - "No significant reduction in carbocisteine presciption, though limited by sample size. This reinforces the role of Kaftrio in reducing the treatment burden in cystic fibrosis patients.; Cell and molecular biology; Palliative care; Physiology; Pulmonary function testing; General respiratory patient care; Imaging; Transplantation"

Clinical • Cystic Fibrosis • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Palliative care • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

Identification of low-level impurities in drug prototypes of carbocisteine by means of liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and general unknown comparative screening. (PubMed, J Chromatogr A) - "The presumed structures were confirmed by in silico analysis of the fragment spectra and high-resolution LC-MS experiments with reference substances. Two additional impurities were found in the sucrose-containing sample and identified as the N-glycosides of carbocisteine and its lactam, respectively, using binary mixtures with a C-labelled monosaccharide."

Journal

Use of thiols and implications for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in the presence of oxidative stress in COPD. (PubMed, Respir Res) - "Further clinical trials of antioxidant agents with and without ICS are needed to better understand the place of thiol-based drugs in the treatment of patients with COPD."

Journal • Review • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases