aztreonam / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Healthcare-Associated Infections: Global and Regional Epidemiology, Resistance Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies, with Particular Attention to Romania and Eastern Europe (2020-2025). (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "Ceftazidime-avibactam is recommended for KPC- and OXA-48-producing strains, whereas metallo-beta-lactamase producers require aztreonam-containing combinations. CRKP in HAIs constitutes a global epidemiological emergency characterised by marked regional heterogeneity in carbapenemase distribution, high attributable mortality and rapidly evolving molecular profiles. Locally adapted surveillance, rapid molecular diagnostics, and stewardship programmes are required since empirical therapy cannot be standardised across regions."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Colistin-Based Regimens for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections: A Six-Year Retrospective Cohort and 30-Day Mortality Analysis. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "Vasopressor requirement, viral pneumonia and bacterial respiratory infection were independently associated with death, whereas definitive ceftazidime/avibactam with or without aztreonam (C/AVI ± AZT) was associated with lower mortality (adjusted OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17-0.83). C/AVI ± AZT was associated with lower 30-day mortality than colistin, but the association was concentrated in the period when the agent was routinely available and did not survive adjustment for calendar time. These findings describe an association, not a causal survival advantage."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

An in vitro comparative study of cefiderocol, siderophore-aztreonam and siderophore-daptomycin conjugates against select gram-negative bacteria. (PubMed, Bioorg Med Chem) - "Our in vitro studies demonstrated that siderophore conjugates exhibit comparable or superior antimicrobial activity to, with daptomycin conjugates notably retaining efficacy over extended periods. These findings suggest that conjugation with iron chelators that closely mimic natural siderophores can improve antibiotic delivery and activity, providing complementary options to existing therapies for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease

Deciphering the genotypic profiles of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales: A study from a tertiary care hospital in Bihar, India. (PubMed, New Microbes New Infect) - "Recommended therapies include Cefiderocol or Ceftazidime-avibactam plus Aztreonam. Continued molecular research and diagnostic enhancements remain critical."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa: epidemiology, diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies in the era of MDR/XDR resistance. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "Among treatment, cefiderocol represents the most evidence-supported option for MBL-producing strains. Aztreonam-based combinations offer an alternative treatment option, provided susceptibility is confirmed by synergy testing. Emerging antimicrobials (e.g., taniborbactam-, xeruborbactam-, and zidebactam-containing regimens) and novel strategies such as bacteriophage therapy are regarded as promising alternatives...MBL-producing P. aeruginosa requires an integrated, mechanism-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategy incorporating local epidemiology, rapid diagnostics and optimized antimicrobial selection. Ongoing development of novel agents and precision microbiology tools is expected to further refine clinical management."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease

Ceftazidime-Avibactam With or Without Aztreonam Versus Other Active Antimicrobials in the Treatment of Bloodstream Infections by Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "In this cohort, ceftazidime-avibactam with or without aztreonam was independently associated with lower 30-day mortality than OAAs in the treatment of CRKP BSIs. These findings extend the available evidence to BSIs caused by carbapenemase-producing isolates and support the need for broader access to ceftazidime-avibactam-based regimens in low- and middle-income countries, where therapeutic options remain limited."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Comparable Allergic Reaction Rates After Ceftazidime vs Penicillin in Aztreonam-Allergic Patients— United States, 2000–2025 (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Activity of Aztreonam Combined with Avibactam or Relebactam or Vaborbactam against NDM-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Collected from Tertiary Hospitals in India (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Clinical • Infectious Disease

Differential Effects of Ceftazidime/Avibactam plus Aztreonam, Cefiderocol, and Levofloxacin in Mono- versus Co-Culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Infectious Disease

Activity of High-Dose Imipenem/Relebactam (i/R) Plus Aztreonam (ATM) Against MBL-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA) in a Hollow Fiber Infection Model (HFIM) (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Infectious Disease

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Aztreonam Across the Renal Impairment Spectrum (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

PK/PD data • Infectious Disease

In vitro susceptibility of aztreonam combined with imipenem-relebactam and ceftazidime-avibactam in metallo-beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Preclinical • Infectious Disease

Impact of Carbapenemase Class on 30-Day Mortality in Enterobacterales Bacteremia Treated with Ceftazidime-Avibactam with or without Aztreonam (IDWeek 2026) - No abstract available

Infectious Disease

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. (PubMed, Adv Clin Exp Med) - "Carbapenem-resistant PA infection imposes a considerable burden in our hospital, particularly among ICU patients. Prior exposure to carbapenems and aminoglycosides significantly increases the risk of CRPA infection. The BIC-selected model identified the same main risk factors as the fully adjusted sensitivity analysis, supporting the consistency of the findings. Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship and tailoring empirical therapy according to local antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are essential to curb resistance and improve clinical outcomes."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Beta-Lactam Dose Optimization Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Patients. (PubMed, Hosp Pediatr) - "Over half of all patients failed to achieve 100%fT ≥ 4 × MIC with standard BL regimens. Furthermore, dosing adjustments made in nearly one-third of cases further emphasizes BL-TDM's role in individualizing pediatric dosing."

Journal • Critical care • Pediatrics

Detection and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and Proteus spp. associated with gastrointestinal disease in rescued hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). (PubMed, Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis) - "isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, aztreonam, cefoxitin, ceftazidime and fosfomycin. However, resistance was observed to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ertapenem, meropenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime, piperacillin-tazobactam, colistin and nitrofurantoin, with the latter two showing resistance in all Proteus spp...from hedgehog samples may display relevant antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns. Therefore, continuous bacteriological monitoring and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are important in wildlife rehabilitation settings to guide treatment decisions and support One Health surveillance."

Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease

Phenotypic and genomic characterization of a blaOXA-181-producing ST656 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from China. (PubMed, Infect Genet Evol) - "Antimicrobial susceptibility testing confirmed carbapenem resistance, whereas the isolate remained susceptible to aztreonam, amikacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, with a colistin MIC of ≤0.5 μg/mL. Comparative genomic analysis showed that the blaOXA-181-carrying plasmid shared a highly conserved backbone with plasmids from geographically diverse isolates, while KP413706 represents a distinct ST656 lineage. These findings expand the genomic evidence for blaOXA-181-carrying ST656 K. pneumoniae in China and underscore the urgent need for enhanced genomic surveillance and stringent infection control strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

In-vitro susceptibility testing to determine synergistic effect of ceftazidime-avibactam with aztreonam in metallo-β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales. (PubMed, Indian J Med Microbiol) - "All three methods demonstrated comparable performance with DE offering practical advantages (ease of use and reduced labor) in low-resource settings, it can be practical option for preliminary testing synergy for CZA with ATM in clinical microbiology laboratories in low resource setting. The combination of CZA with ATM demonstrated synergy against MBL-Producing Enterobacterales. However, the absence of a standardized reference method and molecular validation limits definitive assessment of accuracy of these methods."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Right Knee Ureaplasma Septic Arthritis in an Immunocompromised Host, Requiring Right Hip Disarticulation for Definitive Source Control. (PubMed, J Orthop Case Rep) - "We report a 26-year-old immunocompromised female with neuromyelitis optica on long-term cyclosporine and Grave's disease, who developed chronic right knee U. urealyticum septic arthritis...She was treated with multiple antibiotic regimens, including intravenous (IV) aztreonam, vancomycin, oral levofloxacin, and IV azithromycin, and her immunosuppression was reduced...She was discharged 180 days after hip disarticulation and, at 2-year follow-up, was ambulant with a hip prosthesis, independent in activities of daily living, and had returned to work. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge and potential severity of U. urealyticum septic arthritis in immunocompromised hosts, which may progress to refractory osteomyelitis and necessitate radical surgical measures, including amputation, for definitive source control despite prolonged targeted antibiotic therapy."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Grave’s Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder • Orthopedics • Pain • Rare Diseases • Rheumatology • Urology

Benchmarking four commercial antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems and disk diffusion to reference broth microdilution in the assessment of gram-negative bacterial isolates. (PubMed, J Clin Microbiol) - "For Enterobacterales, the greatest frequency of very major errors was identified with cefepime by Vitek 2 (29.0%) and ertapenem by DD (9.1%); essential agreement less than 90% was identified with the following combinations: aztreonam by MicroScan (86.4%), aztreonam by Vitek 2 (88.9%), cefepime by Selux (86.3%), cefepime by Vitek 2 (76.8%), ceftazidime by Vitek 2 (89.9%), and levofloxacin by MicroScan (83.4%). For P. aeruginosa, essential agreement less than 90% was identified with the following combinations: gentamicin by Selux (87.2%), tobramycin by Selux (86.6%), and ciprofloxacin by Phoenix (88.4%). Overall, antimicrobials that had low demonstrable bias across all automated commercial AST systems included ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime-avibactam, ertapenem, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole...These deficiencies varied across the commercial platforms and disk diffusion methods, highlighting the importance of benchmarking studies that compare the..."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Cost savings associated with reduced inhaled therapy use in the CFTR modulator era: a real-world analysis in adults with cystic fibrosis (NACFC 2026) - "Reductions were also observed across multiple inhaled antibiotics, including nebulised colistimethate sodium (56 to 33; £42,473/year), nebulised tobramycin (35 to 21; £99,708/year), inhaled tobramycin (20 to 13; £75,180/year) and aztreonam (24 to 19; £98,169/year)...In contrast, prescribing of nebulised levofloxacin increased slightly (1 to 2), resulting in an additional annual cost of £13,089... In this real-world adult CF cohort, widespread uptake of CFTR modulators was associated with reduced prescribing of inhaled therapies and substantial reductions in associated drug costs. While these savings are substantial, they should be interpreted within the broader context of CFTR modulator costs. These findings demonstrate an evolving shift toward a lower treatment burden in selected individuals, with important implications for healthcare resource utilisation."

Clinical • HEOR • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Respiratory Diseases

Pseudomonas aeruginosa develop faster ciprofloxacin and meropenem resistance in people with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (NACFC 2026) - "No associations were observed for aztreonam, ceftazidime, colistin, piperacillin/tazobactam, or tobramycin. PwCF with and without CFRD had similar sputum sampling frequency and PA detection rates; however, CFRD was associated with higher PA growth scores and more rapid development of ciprofloxacin and meropenem resistance. These findings may suggest that hyperglycemia can enhance PA fitness, supporting cautious antibiotic selection to minimize resistance development in people with CFRD."

Cystic Fibrosis • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The Effect of Inhaled Antibiotics on FEV1 in Pseudomonas-Colonized Cystic Fibrosis Patients on Highly Effective Modulator Therapy: Time to Re-Assess Routine Use? (NACFC 2026) - "Background: Highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT), specifically elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) and vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor (VTD), has revolutionized cystic fibrosis...Inhaled antibiotics included Tobramycin, Aztreonam, or Colistin... There was no difference in mean ppFEV1 changes between inhaled antibiotic users and non-users on HEMT over a 6-year period. In fact, the overall trend of ppFEV1 change shows improvement in both groups. It is interesting to note that there were almost twice as many exacerbations in the inhaled antibiotic group than the comparison group."

Clinical • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Respiratory Diseases

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens: molecular epidemiology, diagnostic advances, and emerging therapeutic strategies. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "At the same time, new drugs have been developed, such as ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, imipenem-relebactam, cefiderocol and combinations of aztreonam, offering increased treatment options, but with emerging resistance an issue. This mini review covers the molecular epidemiology of CR-GNPs, the latest developments and challenges in diagnosing these infections, new therapeutic options, and future perspectives on genomic surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and precision medicine strategies to address the increasing threat of carbapenem resistance."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Superior in vitro Activity of Cefepime-Enmetazobactam Over Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Piperacillin-Tazobactam Against 3rd Generation cephalosporin resistant Enterobacterales. (PubMed, Jpn J Infect Dis) - "The rise of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has severely limited treatment options in India. FPE-aztreonam synergy was infrequent (≤4%). Cefepime-enmetazobactam demonstrated superior in vitro activity to CZA and Piperacillin Tazobactam against ESBL-producing but carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales, making it a potent carbapenem-sparing option."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia