PCV7 / Pfizer - LARVOL DELTA

Evaluating the implementation of the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for paediatric immunization in Australia. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "This cost-effectiveness analysis estimated that adoption of PCV20 into the Australian paediatric NIP would be dominant versus PCV13 and PCV15, leading to health benefits and cost-savings."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A Comparison of the Potential Public Health Impact of PCV15 and PCV20 in French Infants (ISPOR-EU 2025) - "Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was extrapolated from PCV13 effectiveness and PCV7 efficacy studies... PCV20 vaccination is projected to provide greater protection against pneumococcal disease in French infants than PCV15, regardless of VE assumptions or dosing schedules. These results support the preferential use of PCV20 to maximize disease prevention in the first year of life."

Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Compared With Higher-Valent Alternatives in the Pediatric Population of Paraguay (ISPOR-EU 2025) - "Direct and indirect VE was derived from PCV7 and PCV13 clinical efficacy, effectiveness, and impact studies... PCV20 offers broader serotype coverage and was estimated to avert more PD cases and deaths than PCV13 and PCV15. Replacing lower-valent PCVs with PCV20 in the NIP was the most cost-saving and effective (dominant) option in Paraguay."

Clinical • Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Public Health Impact of 25 Years of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination in Children 5 Years Old: A Modeling Analysis (ISPOR-EU 2025) - "The vaccination of over 500 million infants with PCV7, PCV13, and PCV20 has substantially reduced the global burden of pneumococcal disease, preventing over 250 million cases and more than 1 million deaths over 25 years. Despite these achievements, pneumococcal disease remains a concern. Expanding PCV programs worldwide and implementing higher-valent PCVs in pediatric immunization programs could lead to greater reductions in disease burden."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections

Impact of Higher-Valent Pediatric Pneumococcal Vaccines on Hospitalization Burden in Norway (ISPOR-EU 2025) - "The model used PCV13 clinical effectiveness and impact studies as well as PCV7 efficacy studies for higher-valent vaccine direct and indirect effect estimates... Replacing PCV13 with PCV20 in Norway's Childhood Immunisation Programme could significantly reduce hospital burden compared to replacing PCV13 with PCV15. These findings support the inclusion of PCV20 in national immunization schedules to reduce pneumococcal disease burden and associated hospital strain."

Clinical • Pneumococcal vaccines • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Effectiveness and impact of 7 and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Chinese children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Hum Vaccin Immunother) - "We conducted a systematic review of observational studies published between 2006 and 2024 in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of PCV7 and PCV13...Evidence for otitis media remained limited. These findings highlight the substantial health benefits of PCVs in Chinese children and underscore the importance of expanding vaccine utilization to reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Effectiveness of a Single Dose of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Systematic Literature Review. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "Available evidence demonstrates that a single dose of PCV provides protection against vaccine-type IPD, especially when administered after age 12 months. While complete vaccination according to licensed schedules provides optimal protection, our findings support single-dose catch-up programs for toddlers. Potential single-dose strategies for infants in humanitarian emergencies warrant further exploration."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Complicated pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, 2001-2022. (PubMed, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis) - "Although studies were heterogeneous, pediatric PnCP incidence and proportion tended to decline from pre-PCV to post-PCV periods, and PCV13nonPCV7 serotype distribution percentage remained unchanged from transition to post-PCV period. Standardization of PnCP surveillance methods, definitions, and reporting is needed to evaluate accurately PCV program impact."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Eighteen Year Longitudinal Study of Uncomplicated and Complex Acute Otitis Media during the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era, 2006-2023. (PubMed, J Infect Dis) - "The risk factors for developing cAOM compared to uAOM are similar. PCV13 significantly reduced cAOM and penicillin non-susceptibility associated with S. pneumoniae, driven by reduction in cases caused by serotype 19A. H. influenzae continued to be a dominant cause of cAOM. Although non-PCV13 S. pneumoniae serotypes emerged in the late-PCV13 era, the lower level of cAOM caused by S. pneumoniae was sustained."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

The Health and Economic Effects of PCV15 and PCV20 During the First Year of Life in the US. (PubMed, Vaccines (Basel)) - "Epidemiological data were drawn from peer-reviewed studies and estimates for vaccine effectiveness were extrapolated from established PCV13 effectiveness and PCV7 efficacy studies...These prevented cases are estimated to save approximately USD 147 million over 5 years. (4) This study demonstrated that vaccinating with PCV20 during the first 12 months of life compared to PCV15 in the US would yield a substantially greater health and economic return due to the five additional serotypes covered by PCV20."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Use of the 20-Valent Anti-Pneumococcal Vaccine (PCV20) in the Spanish Pediatric Population (ISPOR-EU 2024) - "Vaccine effect estimates (direct and indirect) were informed by PCV13 clinical effectiveness and impact studies as well as PCV7 efficacy studies... In the Spanish pediatric population, the vaccination strategy with PCV20 (3+1) is more effective and less costly (dominant) than both PCV13 and PCV15 (2+1). According to our results, PCV20 would provide the greatest benefit due to its broader serotype coverage, substantial incremental benefits and cost-savings."

Clinical • Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Pneumococcal vaccines • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Investigation of Input Precision in Predicting Serotype-Specific Vaccine Effectiveness for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines From Immunological Predictors in Children (ISPOR-EU 2024) - "[1], which established correlating pneumococcal anticapsular antibody responses of infants immunized with the 7-valent PCV (PCV7) with clinical protection from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD)... Statistically sound VE estimates and confidence intervals using this method requires comprehensive sensitivity analyses, particularly regarding input precision of placebo GMC values. Minor input changes can lead to significant variations in numerical scale outcomes, emphasizing the need for precise input data and careful interpretation of VE estimates."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

Cost-Effectiveness of Switching From PCV13 to PCV20 in the Portuguese Childhood National Immunization Program (ISPOR-EU 2024) - "Direct and indirect vaccine effects were based on PCV13 effectiveness and impact studies, and efficacy from PCV7 pivotal trials... Over 10 years, PCV20 was estimated to prevent more disease cases and deaths, substantial direct cost offsets versus PCV13 and PCV15. The key model driver was PCV20’s broader serotype coverage. From the Portuguese NHS perspective, vaccination with PCV20 is a dominant alternative compared with the strategy currently in the NIP or PCV15, being an alternative economically favorable with yielding health benefits to the population."

Clinical • Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Public Health Impact of Implementing a 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Turkish Pediatric Population (ISPOR-EU 2024) - "Direct and indirect vaccine effect estimates were determined by clinical efficacy, effectiveness, and impact studies of PCV13 and PCV7... Replacing PCV13 with PCV20 in the Turkish pediat ric NIP w ould provide significant health and economic impacts as it is expected to prevent more PD cases , avert more deaths due to d isease and save more direct medical and indirect costs compared with PCV13 ."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Pneumococcal serotypes missing prespecified efficacy threshold in immunogenicity trials: real-world evidence from national immunization programs. (PubMed, Expert Rev Vaccines) - "The 13-valent (PCV13) and 10-valent (PCV10) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines missed non-inferiority for certain 7-valent (PCV7) serotypes in immunogenicity trials...Despite missing non-inferiority for serotypes in immunogenicity trials, higher-valent PCVs effectively suppressed these serotypes across all ages. Non-inferiority criteria from immunogenicity trials may not fully predict real-world disease impact after PCV implementation."

HEOR • Journal • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children aged 30 days to <60 months in Beijing and Shenzhen, China (2018-2021) during pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "Vaccination with PCV7 or PCV13 was associated with lower PCV13-serotype colonization. In Beijing, S. pneumoniae carriage significantly declined during the COVID-19 pandemic."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

An economic evaluation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, PCV20 versus PCV15, for the prevention of pneumococcal disease in the Swedish pediatric population. (PubMed, Hum Vaccin Immunother) - "PCV15/PCV20 effect estimates were informed by PCV13 clinical effectiveness and impact studies plus PCV7 efficacy studies...PCV20 was the dominant strategy versus PCV15 over 10 years. The broader serotype coverage of PCV20 suggests superior clinical and economic advantages over PCV15, warranting inclusion in Sweden's pediatric immunization program."

Clinical • HEOR • Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Cost-effectiveness analysis of the pediatric 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared with lower-valent alternatives in Argentina. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "Over a 10-year horizon, vaccination with PCV20 was expected to be the dominant, cost-saving strategy versus PCV13 and PCV15 in children in Argentina. Policymakers should consider the PCV20 vaccination strategy to achieve the greatest clinical and economic benefit compared with lower-valent options."

Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Cost-effectiveness of PCV20 to Prevent Pneumococcal Disease in the Pediatric Population: A German Societal Perspective Analysis. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "PCV20 3+1 dominated both PCV13 2+1 and PCV15 2+1 over 10 years. Replacing lower-valent PCVs with PCV20 would result in greater clinical and economic benefits, given PCV20's broader serotype coverage."

Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Journal • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Effects of PCV10 and PCV13 on pneumococcal serotype 6C disease, carriage, and antimicrobial resistance. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "In contrast to PCV10, PCV13 vaccination consistently protected against 6C IPD and NPC in children, and provided some level of indirect protection to adults, supporting that serotype 6A but not 6B provides cross-protection to 6C. Vaccine policy makers and regulators should consider the effects of serotype 6A-containing PCVs against serotype 6C disease in their decisions."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

7000 CHILDREN, 53 SEROTYPES AND 17 YEARS: THE STORY OF PAEDIATRIC PNEUMOCOCCAL CARRIAGE SURVEILLANCE ON ENGLAND'S SOUTH COAST (ISPPD 2024) - "Methods The study started during the roll-out of PCV7 in 2006...Finally, since 2009/10 the greatest proportion of MDR isolates (21.1%) was serotype 15A (notably ST63), although MDR frequency has remained low overall. Conclusions Ongoing pneumococcal carriage surveillance highlights emerging trends in serotype epidemiology that can be used to guide vaccine design and implementation."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections

MOLECULAR STRATEGIES REVEAL PERSISTENCE OF 13 VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE (PCV) SEROTYPES IN HIGHLY IMMUNIZED CHILDREN (ISPPD 2024) - "Background Studies of nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization in Massachusetts' children following the introduction of PCV7 reported declining prevalence of vaccine serotypes (VST), and increases in 6C, 7F, and 19A carriage...Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that VSTs persist in immunized pediatric populations at densities below those detectable by culture. Our results are consistent with results from challenge studies reporting that molecular detection was more sensitive than culture methods in PCV13 immunized adults."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections

HEALTHCARE WORKERS MAY SERVE AS AN UNRECOGNIZED RESERVOIR OF PNEUMOCOCCUS IN THE POPULATION (ISPPD 2024) - "This study highlights that healthcare workers may act as unrecognized reservoirs of pneumococcus in the population. Despite long-standing PCV7 and PCV13 pediatric immunization programs, vaccine serotypes continue to be prevalent among an adult population."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Respiratory Diseases

IMMUNOGENICITY PROFILE IN HEALTHY INFANTS ACROSS STUDIES IN THE GLOBAL 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE PEDIATRIC CLINICAL PROGRAM (ISPPD 2024) - "PCV13 met the criteria for licensure versus PCV7 for both a 2+1 and 3+1 schedule in the Pfizer clinical development program (CDP). Over 12 years of higher valency PCV use (PCV10 or PCV13) has demonstrated substantial direct vaccine effectiveness and population-level impact around the world... PCV13 licensure and subsequent introduction into national immunization programs was supported by demonstration of serotype-specific immune responses associated with functional activity, with priming for a vigorous booster response, for both the 2+1 and 3+1 schedules. Geographic and schedule-based variations in immunogenicity exist, emphasizing the need for direct comparison to a vaccine of known effectiveness in each study."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections

PNEUMOCOCCAL SEROTYPE DISTRIBUTION IN ADULTS HOSPITALIZED WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION 12 YEARS AFTER OF INTRODUCTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN JAPAN (ISPPD 2024) - "These results indicate that following 12 years of PCV7/PCV13 use in children and PPSV23 in adults, PCV13 serotypes are relatively rare while PPSV23 unique serotypes (11A, 10A, and 15B) are relatively common in adults with hospitalized respiratory infection. These data can help inform pneumococcal vaccine strategies for adults as well as serotype selection for future vaccines."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases