ketorolac / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Comparative Evaluation of Herbal and Conventional Endodontic Irrigants on Postoperative Pain and Substance P Levels in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Sodium hypochlorite, ketorolac tromethamine, and M. oleifera leaf extract provided similar analgesic efficacy, which was superior to that of A. indica. Alternative irrigants may serve as viable adjuncts in clinical practice, particularly when enhanced biocompatibility or anti-inflammatory effects are desired."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Pain • Periodontitis

Fabrication of pantoprazole-loaded microsphere clusters with enteric and mucoadhesive properties for enhanced ulcer targeting. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate, both in vitro and in vivo, enteric-coated mucoadhesive microspheres of pantoprazole using xanthan gum and Eudragit L100-55 in order to protect pantoprazole from gastric acid degradation and to create a temporary drug reservoir in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby achieving enhanced targeting. In vivo, it prevented gastric ulcers as effectively as the marketed product and, unlike the marketed product, also prevented vascular rupture in all ketorolac-induced ulcer rats. The optimized formulation performed well, suggesting its potential as an oral delivery alternative."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Peptic Ulcer

Opioid-based versus opioid-sparing patient-controlled analgesia using ketorolac and nefopam after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. (PubMed, Korean J Anesthesiol) - "In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study, 98 patients undergoing TKA under spinal anesthesia received either opioid-based PCA (continuous infusion of 1200 μg fentanyl, n = 49) or opioid-sparing PCA (continuous infusion of 150 mg ketorolac tromethamine and 100 mg nefopam hydrochloride, n = 49). Nausea and vomiting on POD 1 were more frequent with opioid-based group (34.7% vs. 12.2%, P = 0.009). Opioid-sparing PCA with ketorolac and nefopam provides non-inferior analgesia to opioid-based PCA, while reducing opioid consumption and drug-related adverse effects after TKA."

Clinical • Head-to-Head • Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol) • Anesthesia • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pain

Routine Ketorolac Use for Postoperative Pain Does Not Increase Bleeding Risk After Hysterectomy. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - " Ketorolac administration was not associated with a higher risk of bleeding complications after hysterectomy, including when celecoxib was used preoperatively as part of an enhanced recovery protocol. It may safely be administered as an opioid-sparing pain medication in this setting."

Journal • Anesthesia • Gynecology • Oncology • Pain

Management with ketorolac or corticosteroids for subacromial impingement syndrome: Results from a randomised controlled trial. (PubMed, J Exp Orthop) - "Participants were randomly assigned to receive a single ultrasound-guided subacromial injection of either ketorolac (30 mg) or methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg). Longer-term studies are needed to confirm these findings. Level I."

Journal • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Pain

Effect of Ketorolac Administration on Operatively Treated Clavicle Fractures: A Matched Cohort Analysis (AAOS 2026) - "Ketorolac use following clavicle surgery was not associated with increased nonunion or revision surgery rates."

Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

Efficacy of Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain Management in Hip Arthroscopy: A Preliminary Analysis of a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial (AAOS 2026) - "This study found similar postoperative pain control and significantly less opioid use with a ketorolac-based opioid-sparing pain protocol compared to the standard of care."

Clinical • Orthopedics • Pain

Postoperative Ketorolac Administration and Pseudoarthrosis Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Matched Cohort Study (AAOS 2026) - "Postoperative ketorolac use after lumbar spinal fusion was associated with reduced short-term opioid use, fewer thromboembolic events, and no increased risk of pseudoarthrosis."

Cardiovascular • Osteoarthritis

Safety of Ketorolac in Primary THAs: An Analysis of over 7,000 Cases (AAOS 2026) - "Perioperative ketorolac use during primary THA is not associated with increased AKI risk, regardless of administration route or baseline kidney function."

Clinical

Intraoperative Ketorolac Use Reduces Opioid Demand and Nonunion Risk Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures (AAOS 2026) - "Intraoperative ketorolac is associated with reduced opioid use, lower mechanical fixation failure, and fewer nonunions"

Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

A real-world signal detection analysis uncovering the safety profile of ketorolac tromethamine. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "This study confirmed known AEs associated with ketorolac tromethamine while identifying additional risks, particularly those related to eye and immune system disorders. Continued monitoring of these AEs in clinical settings is essential to ensure patient safety."

Journal • Observational data • Real-world evidence • Immunology • Ophthalmology • Pain

Midazolam Alone Versus Midazolam With Ketorolac for Sedation During Flexible Bronchoscopy. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=50 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: SYED HAIDER ALI

New trial • Anesthesia

In vitro biological properties of pyridoxine and ketorolac conjugates. (PubMed, Biomed Khim) - "Their inhibitory activity towards the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes was comparable to that of ketorolac (the IC50 values ranged from 12.0 μM to 34.7 μM). These compounds markedly protected albumin against thermal and chemical (urea and citric acid) treatments and demonstrated the cell-penetrating ability through passive diffusion."

Journal • Preclinical • Pain

Efficacy of Combined Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Ketorolac versus Ketorolac Alone in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (PubMed, J Shoulder Elbow Surg) - "Both HA+ketorolac and ketorolac alone significantly improved pain and function in adhesive capsulitis. Combination therapy provided small but statistically significant advantages in the recovery of external rotation and adduction. Both treatments are viable options, especially in patients for whom corticosteroids are contraindicated."

Clinical • Journal • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain

Effects of peripheral nerve block adjuvants with and without local anesthetic on ex vivo rodent nerve A-alpha/beta, A-delta, and C fiber activity. (PubMed, Reg Anesth Pain Med) - "Using ex vivo electrophysiology, we identified EC50s of dexmedetomidine, magnesium, epinephrine, and ketorolac for A-alpha/beta, A-delta, and/or C fiber AMP, demonstrating that these adjuvants have direct effects on PN fibers. Future investigations may benefit by testing different concentrations of adjuvants and bupivacaine in an in vivo model incorporating a broader range of time points."

Journal • Preclinical • Anesthesia • Pain

Intranasal Ketorolac Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=41 | Terminated | Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine | N=120 ➔ 41 | Recruiting ➔ Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2025 ➔ Dec 2025; The eligibility criteria within the protocol led to the exclusion of a large proportion of potential participants, thereby limiting enrollment. During the conceptualization phase, the number of eligible patients was overestimated.

Enrollment change • Trial primary completion date • Trial termination • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • Pediatrics

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Transdermal Buprenorphine Patch versus Intraoperative Cocktail Injection for Post-operative Pain Relief in Total Hip Arthroplasty. (PubMed, J Orthop Case Rep) - "At the same time, Group 2 (n = 22) received an intraoperative periarticular cocktail injection composed of 0.2% ropivacaine, cefuroxime, triamcinolone, ketorolac, adrenaline, and normal saline (45 mL). Tailoring the choice of analgesic strategy to patient-specific needs and surgical context may optimize pain management in hip arthroplasty. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study directly comparing transdermal buprenorphine patches with periarticular cocktail infiltration for post-operative pain management in THA."

Journal • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Pain

Dosing of Ketorolac Impacts Post-cesarean paiN manaGemenet (KING) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=92 | Completed | Sponsor: Ohio State University | Phase classification: P ➔ P4

Phase classification • Pain

Systemic Effects of Ocular Instillation of 0.4% Ketorolac Trometamol and Luminol-Based Detection of Fecal Occult Blood in Healthy Cats. (PubMed, Vet Ophthalmol) - "This study demonstrates that thrice-daily instillation of KT for 15 days induces a subclinical hepatocellular injury and gastrointestinal bleeding, with potential effects on potassium levels in healthy cats. Luminol proved to be a reliable test for detecting fecal occult blood in the feces of healthy cats."

Journal • Gastroenterology

Comparison of oral ketorolac and oral magnesium for postoperative pain management in anorectal surgery: A randomized double-blind clinical trial. (PubMed, J Int Med Res) - "Narcotic consumption was higher in the magnesium group than in the ketorolac group (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOral magnesium demonstrated a clinically meaningful analgesic effect comparable to that of oral ketorolac from postoperative day 5 onward, suggesting that it is a safe non-opioid alternative for postoperative pain management in anorectal surgery. Further multicenter trials with larger samples are warranted to confirm these findings."

Clinical • Journal • Pain

Combined Cryoanalgesia and Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain Management in the Nuss Procedure: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "After induction of general anesthesia, bilateral single-shot pre-incision ESPB were performed at the T5 level with 0.375% ropivacaine...Postoperative multimodal analgesia included paracetamol, ketorolac, magnesium sulfate, ketamine, and tramadol...Compared with TEA or paravertebral blocks, this strategy may offer comparable efficacy with potential advantages in safety and technical simplicity. The integration of ESPB with intercostal nerve cryoablation could represent a promising multimodal analgesic approach, supporting enhanced recovery and warranting further evaluation for broader application in perioperative pain management."

Journal • Anesthesia • Pain

PATIENCE: Initial Pain Management in Pediatric Pancreatitis: Opioid vs. Non-Opioid (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=23 | Terminated | Sponsor: Boston Children's Hospital | N=50 ➔ 23 | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 ➔ Jul 2025 | Recruiting ➔ Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 ➔ Jul 2025; Inadequate patients recruited. Completion of funding

Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Trial termination • Pain • Pancreatitis • Pediatrics

Comparative Assessment of Cortical Hemodynamic Activity in Children Undergoing Anesthesia With Sevoflurane and Propofol: A Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Based Randomized Controlled Trial. (PubMed, Paediatr Anaesth) - "The increased frontal cortical activation with sevoflurane may contribute to a higher incidence of emergence delirium in children compared to propofol."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Mental Retardation • Orthopedics • Pain • Pediatrics • Psychiatry

Development and validation of method for determination of esomeprazole and ketorolac tromethamine in combined drug by RPHPLC. (PubMed, BMC Chem) - "The approach was found to be resilient to potential modifications. To determine the quality of the drug substance during routine analysis with consistent and repeatable results in combined dose formulations, the proposed method is not only practical and reliable but also environmentally sustainable, making it a more effective solution for analyzing Esomeprazole and Ketorolac Tromethamine."

Journal

Migraine burden in postmenopausal women and the need for prophylactic treatment (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The most prescribed agents were amitriptyline (37%), topiramate (27%), and propranolol (10%)...The most common acute medications were zolmitriptan (10%), paracetamol (8.6%), and ketorolac (8.6%)... Our findings highlight the persistent burden of migraine after menopause and support the ongoing need for prophylaxis in a majority of patients. This may challenge assumptions of reduced treatment need post-menopause and suggests a specific phenotype of late-life persistent migraine."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Depression • Hypertension • Migraine • Pain • Vascular Neurology