Mycobutin (rifabutin) / Pfizer, Lupin - LARVOL DELTA

A CASE OF LUPUS ENCEPHALOPATHY COMPLIATED WITH TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS TREATED WITH TELITACICEPT (ISN-WCN 2026) - "The treatment regimen was adjusted to "isoniazid, rifabutin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and clofazimine" for intensive anti - tuberculosis treatment. This case can provide a reference for similar clinical cases. In the future, more large - scale, multi - center clinical studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate its long - term efficacy and safety, providing a basis for its widespread application."

Clinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Epilepsy • Glomerulonephritis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Lupus Nephritis • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Nephrology • Orthopedics • Respiratory Diseases • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Tuberculosis

Clinical Characteristics and Drug Resistance Profile of Mycobacterium colombiense Infection: A Study of 22 Cases. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Drug susceptibility testing performed in 11 cases revealed high sensitivity to bedaquiline, clofazimine, rifabutin, ethambutol, and rifampin. Timely therapeutic intervention can improve patient prognosis to some extent. This study offers valuable references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium colombiense infection, underscoring its practical significance in clinical practice."

Journal • Cough • Fatigue • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Pain • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pain • Respiratory Diseases

Efficacy of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine in People With TB/HIV Co-Infection Using a Rifampicin or Rifabutin-Based Regimen: A Retrospective Observational Case Series. (PubMed, Immun Inflamm Dis) - "This case series preliminarily validated the efficacy of DTG + 3TC when combined with rifabutin-based anti-TB regimens in patients with TB and HIV."

Journal • Observational data • Retrospective data • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • CD4 • CD8

In vitro activity of rifabutin against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Greece (ESCMID Global 2026) - No abstract available

Preclinical

FORMaT-EVOLVE: Testing a Novel Combination Treatment (Arm D) Versus Standard of Care for Intensive Phase Treatment for Mycobacterium Abscessus Pulmonary Disease in People With or Without Cystic Fibrosis in the Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacterium Abscessus Treatment (FORMaT) Adaptive Platform Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=300 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: The University of Queensland

New P2 trial • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Korea: An Evidence-Based Analysis of the Upcoming 2025 Guideline. (PubMed, Korean J Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res) - "Concomitant therapy (proton-pump inhibitor [PPI] or P-CAB+amoxicillin+clarithromycin+metronidazole) offers high efficacy but raises concerns about antibiotic overuse. For third-line therapy, we analyzed the efficacy of levofloxacin-based regimens, rifabutin-based therapy, and bismuth add-on therapy with two previously unused antibiotics. The 2025 Korean guidelines establish quadruple therapies as the new standard through a dual strategy: pragmatic empirical treatment and PCR-guided tailored therapy, with P-CABs and bismuth-based regimens as key components."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease

The Isavuconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients (SCCM 2026) - "Two of the subtherapeutic levels were drawn during DDI with rifabutin. Isavuconazole TDM in the critically ill population is warranted, especially when liver cirrhosis or DDI is present."

Clinical • Fibrosis • Gastroenterology • Hepatology • Immunology • Liver Cirrhosis • Liver Failure • Solid Organ Transplantation

Between a Heart and a Hard Node: A Difficult Case of Lymphadenopathy (ISHLT 2026) - "For immunosuppression, he was on belatacept, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and prednisone...He was started on empiric mycobacterial treatment with intravenous amikacin, imipenem, linezolid, ethambutol, and rifabutin...He completed 4 weeks of ertapenem, and has continued on isavuconazole, azithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin, and tedizolid.Summary This case highlights a challenging presentation of lymphadenopathy with B-symptoms initially concerning for PTLD but was found to have multiple infections. In immunosuppressed patients, overlapping infectious and noninfectious processes can complicate diagnosis. Obtaining comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is essential to identify the cause and initiate appropriate therapy for optimal outcomes."

Clinical • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Rifabutin boosts rifampicin accumulation in THP-1-derived M2 macrophages by inhibiting P-glycoprotein efflux activity. (PubMed, Arch Toxicol) - "P-gp inhibition by rifabutin was assessed through flow cytometry using rhodamine 123 (substrate) and compared to zosuquidar (positive P-gp inhibitor control). The same concentration-dependent boosting effect by rifabutin was detectable for the 0.1 µM and 0.5 µM rifampicin exposure levels. Together, rifabutin concentration-dependently inhibits P-gp and enhances rifampicin accumulation in M2 macrophages during concomitant drug exposure."

Journal • IL13 • IL4

A Study to Evaluate VH4524184 Tablet Absorption, Effects of Food, and Interactions With Other Drugs in Healthy Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=126 | Completed | Sponsor: ViiV Healthcare | Recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease After Lung Transplantation in a Former TNF-α Inhibitor User (ISHLT 2026) - "Notably, the patient had been on etanercept therapy from 2018 until transplantation...Combination therapy with azithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin, and amikacin was initiated; amikacin was promptly discontinued due to nephrotoxicity and replaced with moxifloxacin. The latest MRI shows progression of bone inflammation and destruction despite ongoing therapy. Extreme elevation of serum amyloid A (692 mg/L) along with GFR decline and malnutrition, despite nutritional support, is very likely secondary to AA amyloidosis.Summary Complete microbiological and molecular workup, including PCR for TB and NTM, is warranted in all granulomatous lesions and in any chronic, culture-negative wound."

Nontuberculous mycobacteria • Amyloidosis • Back Pain • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Orthopedics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation • CRP

Bilateral Orthotopic Lung Transplantation in a Patient with Mycobacterium Abscessus and Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Pneumonia (ISHLT 2026) - "The patient was diagnosed with M. abscessus massiliense with a non-functional erm gene six years prior and had undergone treatment with ceftaroline, tigecycline, and imipenem-cilastin which was escalated to intravenous amikacin, azithromycin, and tigecycline and enteric ethambutol and rifabutin. Nucleic acid amplification testing and acid-fast bacilli culture from repeat bronchoalveolar lavage were positive for M. abscessus massiliense and MAI and she failed to improve despite initiation of linezolid, amikacin, tigecycline, rifabutin, azithromycin, and ethambutol. The patient underwent BOLT, fully recovered, and was discharged 22 days following BOLT on enteric linezolid, bedaquiline, tigecycline, and azithromycin and inhaled amikacin and clofazimine which were well tolerated.Summary Despite challenges with eradication, lung transplantation should be considered in patients with advanced lung disease and M. abscessus infection."

Clinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Transplantation

Pannansamycins A-K: Benzenic Ansamycins with Antioxidant Activity Isolated from Streptomyces sp. LR417. (PubMed, J Nat Prod) - "Compound 1 displayed potent radical-scavenging activity, while compounds 2 and 3 displayed moderate radical-scavenging and lipoxygenase inhibitory activities. These findings expand the structural diversity of the ansamycin family and provide new scaffolds with antioxidant potential worthy of further investigation."

Journal

Drug-Related Uveitis: A Real-World Study Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System Database. (PubMed, J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) - "Preventing DRU is more effective than treatment. Identifying the risk and drug-induced onset times of these drugs could help medication evaluations and, to a certain extent, avoid the occurrence of DRU."

Adverse events • Journal • Real-world evidence • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Uveitis

MM103 - Overlooked Risk: Ototoxicity Monitoring in Patients on Long-Term Azithromycin Therapy for Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease (AAA 2026) - "Core agents include macrolides (azithromycin or clarithromycin), ethambutol, and rifamycins (rifampin or rifabutin)...When aminoglycosides are introduced for macrolide-resistant disease, ototoxicity rates rise sharply, with hearing loss reported in 42% of patients treated with streptomycin and 27% treated with amikacin (Griffith et al., 2006)... Baseline and serial audiologic monitoring should be standard for patients with MAC, including those on macrolides. Interdisciplinary collaboration between infectious disease specialists and audiologists is essential for early detection, timely intervention, and patient counseling. This approach prevents irreversible hearing loss, supports treatment adherence, and improves overall patient outcomes.Brief Summary of Clinical Takeaways: The clinical takeaway for this session is to emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between audiologists and infectious disease specialists in MAC management."

Clinical • Bronchiectasis • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

High-Throughput Screening of FDA-Approved Drugs for Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities Against Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "By using a systematic screening-prioritization-safety filtering framework, this study identified rifabutin and nafamostat as prioritized repurposing candidates against MDR P. aeruginosa , highlighting the importance of early safety evaluation in antimicrobial drug repurposing."

FDA event • Journal • Hematological Disorders

Acute Pericarditis as an Unusual Presentation of Disseminated Donor-Derived Tuberculosis in a Lung Transplant Recipient (ISHLT 2026) - "He was initiated on isoniazid, rifabutin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide with clinical improvement...Moreover, UNOS donor data do not adequately distinguish high-risk non-U.S.-born individuals. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for TB in transplant recipients, particularly within the first three months post-transplant and when the donor has potential risk factors for latent infection."

Clinical • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Hypotension • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation • Tuberculosis

Rifamycin-, macrolide-, and ethambutol-free combinations to treat Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. (PubMed, Int J Tuberc Lung Dis) - "OBJECTIVEPoor sustained sputum culture conversion with guidelines-based therapy for Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease highlights the need for new and improved multidrug combinations.DESIGNWe tested eight drugs by performing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments with the ATCC#700898 strain and 49 clinical isolates, followed by single and multidrug combination studies.RESULTSMIC90 of rifabutin, rifampin, azithromycin, and ethambutol were 4, 16, 256, and 128 mg/L, respectively. The tebipenem-tedizolid-minocycline combination killed 4.82 ± 0.42 log10 CFU/mL; however, addition of bedaquiline resulted in a lower kill of 2.71 ± 0.22 log10 CFU/mL, suggesting a likely antagonism.CONCLUSIONWe tested eight different drugs to identify several rifamycin-, macrolide-, and ethambutol-free oral multidrug combinations. The minocycline-based regimens warrant further preclinical and clinical testing.."

Journal • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Rifabutin for Rhodococcus hoagii Pulmonary Abscess in a Cancer Patient on Everolimus. (PubMed, Transpl Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal • Oncology

Vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual, rifabutin-based triple, and bismuth quadruple therapies for Helicobacter pylori rescue treatment: a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised trial. (PubMed, Lancet Reg Health West Pac) - P4 | "Refractory H. pylori-infected patients with at least two previous treatment failures were randomly assigned (1:1:1; block sizes six) to 10 days vonoprazan-containing (20 mg twice daily) regimens of VA (amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily); VRA (amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily, and rifabutin 150 mg twice daily); or BQT (bismuth 110 mg, tetracycline 500 mg, and metronidazole 400 mg, all four times daily). Ten-day VRA therapy is a viable alternative to BQT therapy for H. pylori rescue treatment with fewer adverse events, whereas VA therapy showed unacceptable efficacy. National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Xinyi Digestive Disease Fund Project, College of Digestive Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine."

Head-to-Head • Journal • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Neutropenia

Beyond Rifampin: Evaluating Rifapentine and Rifabutin as Alternative Treatments for TB Meningitis. (PubMed, J Infect Dis) - "Alternate rifamcyins, rifapentine and rifabutin, show therapeutic activity and neuroprotective effects, supporting their evaluation in clinical trials for treating TB meningitis."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • Vascular Neurology

Drug Resistance in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Korea, 2010-2019: A Comparison With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. (PubMed, J Korean Med Sci) - "This study provides important information on the resistance status and trends among patients with EPTB in South Korea. To improve the management of patients with EPTB, efforts to identify drug resistance and regular updates to the DST database are essential."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Preserving the Antimycobacterial Drug Arsenal: A Case Report of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Disease (IWLH 2026) - "The patient was treated with clarithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin, moxifloxacin, and cycloserine for two years, with amikacin added for the first six months, inducing ototoxicity...A salvage regimen was initiated, including amikacin, tedizolid, clofazimine, ceftazidime/avibactam, isoniazid, delamanide, and ethambutol, as well as antiepileptic treatment and IFNγ administration...Intravenous dexamethasone was administered with intensified NTM treatment, but blood cell counts continued to decline, and inflammatory markers (CRP, PCT) remained high. Due to previous Gram-negative infections, his regimen was modified to include daptomycin, meropenem/vaborbactam, and colistimethate. Candida glabrata was identified in port cultures, necessitating port removal and initiation of isavuconazole. He was placed on dual beta-lactam therapy (meropenem and ceftriaxone) combined with clofazimine, isoniazid, linezolid, cycloserine, bedaquiline, and pretomanid...Conclusions This case..."

Case report • Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • IFNG • IL12A

Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Isavuconazole and Rifabutin in a Real-World Setting. (PubMed, Mycoses) - "This study demonstrates that isavuconazole trough concentrations are often maintained above 1 mg/L despite patients being on concomitant rifabutin. However, therapeutic drug monitoring is mandatory in this setting. Further research is warranted to confirm these results."

Journal • PK/PD data • Real-world evidence • Fibrosis • Immunology • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

Implementing a Program of Comprehensive Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment: Safety, Effectiveness, and Acceptability of Moxifloxacin or Bedaquiline Use for Contacts Exposed to Drug-Resistant Strains. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - "Preventive therapy for drug-resistant TB, including fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, is acceptable, safe, and effective. Implementation of comprehensive TPT programs in high-burden DR-TB settings can protect contacts and reduce transmission."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis