ketoconazole / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Concomitant use of venetoclax 100 mg and ketoconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, is clinically equivalent to venetoclax 400 mg for treating relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): A real-world analysis from the brazilian CLL registry." (ASH 2025) - "Tooptimize drug availability, a strategy combining 100 mg of venetoclax with ketoconazole wasimplemented.This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose venetoclax plus ketoconazole ("Ketoven"protocol) versus standard-dose venetoclax (400 mg), with or without rituximab, in patients withrelapsed/refractory CLL.This real-world analysis included 112 patients from the Brazilian CLL Registry. Low-dose venetoclax plus ketoconazole demonstrated similar efficacy and tolerability to standard-dosevenetoclax in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This cost-savingapproach may be a viable alternative in settings with limited resources. Further prospective studies areneeded to validate these findings and support broader implementation."

Clinical • IO biomarker • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • TP53

BI21 Intermittent and progressive pustular psoriasis during chemotherapy cycles in a toddler. (PubMed, Br J Dermatol) - "Just before his next chemotherapy cycle (cisplatin and etoposide), the rash recurred as a pruritic pustular eruption across the frontal and retroauricular scalp; skin biopsy suggested nonspecific subacute eczematous dermatitis...Topical ivermectin and ketoconazole did not help...A second biopsy was taken due to clinical suspicion of psoriasis, and 10 days of oral prednisolone was given to try to clear his skin for autologous stem cell transplantation (HSCT)...He was treated with topical calcipotriol and mometasone 0.1%, with consideration of acitretin should he not improve. Fortunately, the rash settled with topical therapy and time. After completing proton radiotherapy prior to tumour resection, he had six cycles of maintenance immunotherapy (dinutuximab) with no recurrence of the rash, despite monthly GCSF, and good cell counts, and has now completed his oncological therapy."

Journal • Atopic Dermatitis • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Contact Dermatitis • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Immunology • Neuroblastoma • Oncology • Psoriasis • Pustular Psoriasis • Solid Tumor • Transplantation • Varicella Zoster

BH20 A multicentre analysis of the adequacy of alopecia horizontal biopsy samples over 10 years. (PubMed, Br J Dermatol) - "Twenty-six patients had received either topical steroids, minoxidil, spironolactone, tamoxifen, contraceptive pill, azathioprine or ketoconazole shampoo. We recommend using a standardized alopecia request form with clinical data and duration of onset, avoiding biopsies for very early or very late-onset disease of > 4 years, and inserting a follicular analysis table within the report to compare with the normal standard values, to improve the diagnostic outcome. Combining the use of digital pathology with artificial intelligence in the future may increase the diagnostic accuracy."

Journal • Retrospective data • Acne Vulgaris • Alopecia • Atopic Dermatitis • Breast Cancer • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Crohn's disease • Depression • Dermatology • Dermatomyositis • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Lupus • Metabolic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Multiple Sclerosis • Myositis • Oncology • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Psoriasis • Psychiatry • Renal Disease • Rheumatology • Sjogren's Syndrome • Solid Tumor • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Urticaria

Impact of vaginal microbiota on the clinical efficacy and long-term recurrence of ketoconazole suppositories in treating severe vulvovaginal candidiasis: a secondary analysis of a multicentre randomised trial. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "The vaginal microbiota, particularly the dominant bacteria, may influence treatment efficacy and recurrence rates. In the treatment of severe vulvovaginal candidiasis, ketoconazole suppositories are not inferior to miconazole nitrate vaginal capsules in clinical efficacy and have a lower long-term recurrence rate."

Clinical • Journal • Candidiasis • Vaginitis

Efficacy of natamycin monotherapy versus combination therapy with voriconazole for fungal keratitis: a randomised clinical trial. (PubMed, Br J Ophthalmol) - P2/3 | "Adjunctive topical voriconazole did not significantly improve clinical outcomes compared with natamycin monotherapy. Natamycin 5% remains an effective first-line treatment, particularly in non-Aspergillus keratitis. Further studies are warranted to explore targeted roles for combination therapy."

Journal • Monotherapy • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Christmas article: The dermatologist's Christmas palette - an experimental study of Christmas decorations with topical preparations (PubMed, Ugeskr Laeger) - "Dermatology's colourful topical agents show unexpected potential for festive Christmas decoration. Further research should address durability, safety, and optimization of practical properties - possibly in combination with glitter."

Journal • Dermatology

A Difficult Case of Ectopic ACTH Syndrome: Is Treatment Possible Even Without Accurate Localization? (PubMed, J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc) - "Our case demonstrates that ketoconazole can be an effective therapeutic to suppress cortisol production even when the source of ectopic ACTH production is unknown. However, long-term evaluation is required."

Journal • Cushing’s Disease • Endocrine Disorders

Non-albicans Candida in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Antifungal Resistance and Expression of ERG11, CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 Genes. (PubMed, Microbiologyopen) - "Ketoconazole, itraconazole, and 5-flucytosine demonstrated the best antifungal activity against most species. Overexpression of the CDR1 gene was noted in N. glabratus (CR, 21.53 ± 1.26; CLR, 84.96 ± 0.67), and the ERG11 and CDR1 genes in P. kudriavzevii (ERG11 for CR, 28.56 ± 2.16; CDR1 for CLR, 35.89 ± 0.35). These results indicate that even in cases where an isolate is classified as susceptible by drug susceptibility testing, elevated gene expression may persist, and treatment should not be discontinued."

Journal • Candidiasis • Infectious Disease • Vaginitis • ABCB1 • CDR2

From Interaction to Intervention: Intentional CYP Inhibition as a Scalable Strategy to Expand Access to High-Cost Therapies. (PubMed, Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet) - "Synthetic (e.g. ketoconazole, itraconazole) and natural inhibitors (e.g. grapefruit juice, curcumin) provide feasible pharmacologic options adaptable to varied healthcare infrastructures. Despite regulatory and safety challenges-including pharmacogenomic variability and special population risks-clear frameworks are urgently needed to distinguish beneficial from hazardous interactions. Broader multicentre trials and ethical policy integration are required to establish intentional CYP inhibition as a validated global model of therapeutic equity and healthcare innovation."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Transplantation

Case series of mycosis fungoides with marked clinical resemblance to seborrheic dermatitis (ISDS 2025) - "Six months later, the lesion had progressed into a dry, cracked plaque with thick scale that was refractory to topical hydrocortisone, clobetasol, and ketoconazole...Seven months later, the lesion proved refractory to tacrolimus, topical hydrocortisone, and bexarotene (75 mg) that had been prescribed for another MF lesion...Taken together, these three cases highlight key clinical features that help distinguish SD-like MF from SD: unilateral presentation, asymmetry, poor response to standard SD therapies, and history of MF; histopathology may be diagnostic, as in cases 1 and 2, or equivocal, as in case 3. For patients with MF and new lesions or rashes, we thus recommend a combination of total body skin exams, repeat biopsies, and molecular analysis for clonality."

Clinical • Atopic Dermatitis • Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Mycosis Fungoides • Oncology • Psoriasis • Seborrheic Dermatitis

A Persistent Scalp Plaque Resistant to Conventional Therapies (ISDS 2025) - "A KOH exam was inconclusive, so a fungal culture was obtained, and she was started on another 4-week course of oral terbinafine and ketoconazole 2% shampoo, with minimal improvement...She was diagnosed with systemic sarcoidosis and treated with topical clobetasol, tacrolimus, intralesional Kenalog, minocycline, and methotrexate, resulting in significant improvement. The various clinical morphologies of scalp sarcoidosis make prompt diagnosis difficult and, thus, appropriate treatment is often delayed. This case contributes to clinical practice by highlighting that clinical findings alone are insufficient for diagnosis and the value of early biopsy in persistent scalp plaques of ambiguous etiology."

Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Psoriasis • Sarcoidosis • Uveitis • ERBB3

Antifungal Activities of Multi-Halogenated Indoles Against Drug-Resistant Candida Species. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Among them, 4,6-dibromoindole and 5-bromo-4-chloroindole exhibited the strongest antifungal and antibiofilm effects, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 10-50 µg/mL, outperforming ketoconazole and comparable to miconazole...The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model identified halogen substitution at C4, C5, and C6 positions as optimal for antifungal activity due to enhanced hydrophobic and electron-withdrawing effects. Together, these findings demonstrate that di-halogenated indoles serve as potent, low-toxicity inhibitors of Candida growth, biofilms, and morphogenesis, providing a promising scaffold for next-generation antifungal agents targeting drug-resistant Candida species."

Journal • Hepatocellular Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Hierarchical C-Fe2O3@MnO2 nanostructured sorbent; application in dispersive-μ-solid phase extraction of antifungal drugs. (PubMed, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci) - "In the optimal condition, the limit of detection (LODs) and the limit of quantification (LOQs) were acquired as 1.5, 5.0 μg L-1 in the linear range of 5-500 μg L-1 in plasma samples and 0.3, 1.0 μg L-1 in the linear range of 1-150 μg L-1 in wastewater samples for all analytes. Furthermore, the relative standard deviations (RSD%) for the repeatability of the sorbent synthesis method and reusability of one sorbent were found to be 0.92, 1.23, 1.32 % and 2.43, 3.15, 4.28 % for ketoconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole, respectively."

Journal

Cyproterone acetate for hirsutism. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "There were some differences in clinical outcome between CPA and spironolactone, CPA and flutamide, and CPA and finasteride. There were no clinical differences between CPA and the other medical therapies, possibly because of small study size, lack of standardised assessment and objective determinants of improvement in many studies. There are insufficient data presented to compare the adverse effects of all the treatment options. Larger, carefully designed studies are needed to compare efficacy and safety profiles between the therapeutic options available."

Clinical • Journal • Review • Gynecology

A review of technological advances in the management of bacterial, fungal, viral, and Acanthamoeba keratitis. (PubMed, Clin Exp Optom) - "For fungal keratitis, ocular natamycin, with oral ketoconazole or voriconazole treatments, offer improved outcomes for severe cases. Beyond antibiotics, photoactivated chromophores for keratitis-corneal collagen cross-linking and photodynamic therapy have been successfully used. Therapies for large ulcers or scarring include corneal gluing, tissue scaffolds such as amniotic membrane or conjunctival flaps, and tissue replacement through penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Assessment of the Efficacy of Topical Ketoconazole 2% Cream in Comparison With Topical Retinoids in the Treatment of Mild Comedonal and Papulopustular Acne (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=52 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Cairo University

New trial • Acne Vulgaris

Innovative spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of terbinafine and ketoconazole in pharmaceutical preparations with compliance to greenness and blueness metrics. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "An assessment of the methods' environmental impact, using the Analytical Eco-scale, the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Greenness Approach (AGREE) and blue applicability grade index (BAGI) metrics demonstrated their sustainability. The developed spectrophotometric methods don't require prior separation steps, large volumes of organic solvents, or sophisticated instruments; therefore, they are well-suited for routine analysis and quality control of the specified drugs in their dosage forms."

Compliance • Journal

Identification of novel lipid metabolism-related biomarkers of aortic dissection by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and machine learning algorithms. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Molecular docking screened for potential therapeutic compounds that may target PLIN2, among which ketoconazole was identified. These findings suggest that PLIN2/PLIN3 could be key mediators of metabolic dysregulation and immune activation in aortic dissection, highlighting their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets."

Biomarker • Journal • Metabolic Disorders • PLIN2 • SPP1

Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of Psidium guajava L. leaf extract in ketoconazole shampoo. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Chemical and biological tests confirmed formulation stability and efficacy over a three-months period. The findings suggest that P. guajava L. extract is a promising natural preservative; however, further studies are needed to assess its long-term stability."

Journal

A systematic review of the clinical study landscape for eumycetoma, 1990-2024 (ASTMH 2025) - "Of 3,220 patients receiving antifungals, 40.1% got ketoconazole or itraconazole, 22.6% itraconazole alone, 8.4% ketoconazole alone. 41.8% of treated patients were followed-up post-treatment; cure rates were 7.7 - 75%."

Clinical • Review • Infectious Disease

Successful Use of Fluconazole for Hypercalcemia in the Setting of Granulomatous Disease (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Introduction Hypercalcemia is typically managed with intravenous fluids (IVF), bisphosphonates, calcitonin, denosumab, glucocorticoids, and treatment of the underlying cause...Despite IV fluids and two doses of zoledronic acid, hypercalcemia persisted...Ketoconazole was continued temporarily and was associated with sustained resolution of hypercalcemia...In cases associated with elevated 1,25(OH) 2 D, fluconazole may serve as an effective interim therapy while further diagnostic evaluation is underway or until the underlying cause can be definitively treated. Ascending colon mass"

Acute Kidney Injury • Colorectal Cancer • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Fibrosis • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Smart Antifungal Therapy: Lipase-Responsive Ketoconazole and Atorvastatin Co-loaded Poly є-caprolactone Nanoparticles for Cutaneous Candidiasis. (PubMed, AAPS PharmSciTech) - "Co-loaded PNPs based FFS exhibited substantially increased antifungal potential in in vivo cutaneous candidiasis model. The findings suggest that Co-loaded PNPs based FFS could serve as a more promising therapeutic option for treating cutaneous candidiasis, offering an exceptional antifungal potential, targeted activity, enhanced skin deposition, and improved permeation."

Journal • Candidiasis

Organometallic and coordination gold(I)-azole drugs compounds: Synthesis, characterization, antitumor evaluation, and interactions with biomolecules. (PubMed, J Inorg Biochem) - "We have synthesized the organometallic gold(I)-NHC methylclotrimazole (CTZMe, 1) and gold(I)-NHC methylketoconazole (KTZMe, 2), as well as the gold(I)-CTZ (clotrimazole)/KTZ (ketoconazole) coordination compounds (3-4)...Instead, they displayed substantial interaction with glutathione, as determined by colorimetric assay and NMR-monitored analysis, suggesting preferential interaction with thiol-containing enzymes such as Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR). Molecular docking suggested two possible modes of TrxR inhibition: (i) redox-center blockade by KTZ-containing compounds (2 and 4) and (ii) direct AuS binding by CTZ-based compounds (1 and 3), particularly for the most active complex 1, which might contribute to its higher anticancer activity."

Journal • Oncology

Antifungal Monotherapy in Acne: Topical Ketoconazole 2% Cream Versus Adapalene Gel in Treating Acne Vulgaris: A Comparative Study. (PubMed, J Cutan Med Surg) - "Topical ketoconazole 2% can provide very promising results as monotherapy in acne comparable to topical retinoid."

Journal • Monotherapy • Acne Vulgaris • Dermatology

Repositioning Triazoles as Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors to Suppress COVID-19 Cytokine Storms and Fungal Co-Infections via Docking and Simulation. (PubMed, J Cell Mol Med) - "This study aimed to investigate the off-target potential of commonly used antifungal triazoles itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole against human phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4), a key enzyme involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression...Binding affinity and interaction stability were compared with roflumilast, a known PDE-4 inhibitor...Quantum chemical analysis indicated strong electrophilicity and reactivity of posaconazole, supporting its potential PDE-4 inhibitory activity. The findings suggest that certain triazole antifungals, especially posaconazole, may both fight fungal infections and reduce the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19, offering a promising rapid-response therapeutic strategy."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease