ketoconazole / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Efficacy study on the effects of complex acid treatment, salicylic acid shampoo, and scalp moisturizing serum on the scalp microenvironment. (ChiCTR) - P4 | N=40 | Completed | Sponsor: The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University

New P4 trial • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Seborrheic Dermatitis

Potential Role of CYP3A4 in Determining In Vivo Exposure to Cannabidiol (CBD) and its Active Metabolite 7-OH-CBD: Evidence from an In Vitro Study. (PubMed, Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet) - "ASMs with CYP3A4-inhibitory potential may alter systemic exposure to both CBD and its active metabolite, 7-OH-CBD, as demonstrated in vitro. However, co-administration of CBD with CYP3A4-substrate ASMs or CYP2C19 inhibitors is predicted to result in only modest increases in CBD exposure."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • CYP2C19 • CYP2C9 • CYP3A4

A Review of Antimicrobial Potential of Substituted Imidazole Scaffolds. (PubMed, Mini Rev Med Chem) - "Clinically important drugs such as Metronidazole, Ketoconazole, and Clotrimazole exemplify the therapeutic relevance of the imidazole core...In particular, monosubstituted, disubstituted, trisubstituted, and tetrasubstituted imidazole frameworks exhibit distinct structure-activity relationships, where the nature, position, and number of substituents significantly modulate antibacterial efficacy, spectrum of activity, and target selectivity. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in substituted imidazole derivatives, highlighting how distinct substitution modes correlate with enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activities and providing strategic insights for the rational design of next-generation antimicrobial agents."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Oncology

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=100 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Sohag University

New trial • Dermatology • Infectious Disease

Systemic treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol) - "Systemic treatment options for CL show variable efficacy. Despite the promising cure rates for miltefosine and L-AmB, comparative evidence remains insufficient to support therapy recommendations. Confirmation in adequately powered, high-quality RCTs, ideally stratified by species, is warranted to strengthen the evidence base."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Dermatology • Infectious Disease

Tucuma Fat-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Physical Stability and Antifungal Activity. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Finally, the antifungal activity of ketoconazole was improved 8-fold in NLC3 and NLC4. Finally, tucuma NLCs showed physical stability and biological efficacy."

Journal

Microbial community structure in tinea corporis and antifungal activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YM-4-3 strain. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Ketoconazole (MIC < 1 μg/mL) and terbinafine (MIC 1-2 μg/mL) were highly active against T. rubrum, while amphotericin B (MIC < 1 μg/mL) was most effective against C. albicans. These findings reveal distinct microbial signatures associated with tinea corporis and demonstrate the salt-dependent antifungal potential of L. plantarum YM-4-3. This study provides a theoretical basis for novel antifungal probiotic formulations and offers a new strategy to circumvent adverse effects and resistance associated with conventional antifungal therapies."

Journal • Dermatology • Infectious Disease • GDF15

Ex vivo method for assessing androgen synthesis and histological changes in rat testicular tissue slices treated with azole compounds. (PubMed, Toxicol Lett) - "First, rat testicular tissue slices were incubated with ketoconazole (Ket) solutions (a representative azole fungicide that inhibits androgen synthesis) for 3hours; hormone assays of the supernatant and histological examination of the slices, including hematoxylin and eosin staining, ultrastructural examination, and immunohistochemistry, were conducted...Subsequently, eight azoles (hexaconazole, flusilazole, triticonazole, imazalil, penconazole, myclobutanil, triadimefon, and fluconazole) with inhibitory effects on CYP17A1 were examined...Histological examination provided supportive morphological observations that were generally consistent with differences in hormone synthesis among the compounds. These results demonstrate that this ex vivo method can detect azole-induced disruptions in androgen synthesis and associated histopathological changes with fewer resources, thus offering a valuable tool for mechanistic toxicity studies."

Journal • Preclinical

Effect of 0.75% Piroctone Olamine Shampoo on the Hair and Scalp Microbiota of Hijab-Wearing Women With Seborrheic Dermatitis in Indonesia (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=86 | Completed | Sponsor: Indonesia University

New P4 trial • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Seborrheic Dermatitis

Onychomycosis caused by Syncephalastrum species in a patient with Crohn's Disease in Iraq: A case report. (PubMed, Med Mycol Case Rep) - "The fungus was sensitive to itraconazole, nystatin, clotrimazole, amphotericin B, miconazole, and ketoconazole, but showed resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole. This case demonstrates that Syncephalastrum species can cause clinically significant onychomycosis and should not automatically be dismissed as laboratory contaminants. A combination of clinical assessment, direct microscopy, culture-based identification, and antifungal susceptibility testing is essential for establishing diagnosis and guiding appropriate management."

Journal • Crohn's disease • Gastroenterology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Pain

Integrated experimental and theoretical investigation of Cu(II), Mn(II), and Sr(II) chelates of an indole-based hydrazide derivative: synthesis, structural characterization, molecular docking, DFT studies, and biological evaluation. (PubMed, Methods) - "Molecular docking against S. aureus DNA Gyrase B and A. niger endoglucanase showed that the uncoordinated ligand HL achieved higher binding affinities (-12.11 kcal/mol and -12.60 kcal/mol, respectively) than the commercial control drugs Streptomycin (-10.90 kcal/mol) and Ketoconazole (-8.60 kcal/mol), while the metal complexes exhibited favorable interactions with key active site residues. These results highlight the synthesized compounds as promising candidates for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications."

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Early Cellular Responses of Neurospora crassa to Azole Stress: Osmotic Adjustment, Redox Buffering, Sterol-Pathway Feedback, and Cell Wall Remodelling. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - " Exponentially growing mycelia were exposed to conidium-derived MIC80 reference concentrations of fluconazole, voriconazole, ravuconazole, and ketoconazole. Neurospora crassa shows multiple concurrent early responses to azole stress involving osmotic adjustment, sterol-pathway feedback, antioxidant responses, and cell-wall remodelling. These findings provide a framework for future studies examining how such stress responses contribute to recovery, tolerance, or longer-term adaptation."

Journal • CAT

Sustained shrinkage of bilateral adrenal adenomas during long-term osilodrostat therapy. (PubMed, Eur J Endocrinol) - "Osilodrostat showed marked clinical and biochemical efficacy. This case suggests that osilodrostat may contribute to adrenal mass reduction, warranting further investigation."

Journal • Cushing’s Disease • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Azole antifungals in food and environmental matrices: occurrence and comparative assessment with predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs). (PubMed, Food Res Int) - "Voriconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, and fluconazole were among the most frequently detected medical azoles across surface water, wastewater effluents, food, and soil samples, while several agricultural azoles were also detected in matrices directly connected with crop production and aquatic food chains. In conclusion, the widespread presence of azole antifungals in environmental matrices, including food products, together with their incomplete removal by conventional wastewater treatment processes, may contribute to the selection, emergence, and dissemination of antifungal resistance. These findings highlight the need for integrated surveillance across water, soil, wastewater, food products, and agricultural inputs, as well as more efficient treatment technologies, residue monitoring, integrated pest management, and responsible microbiome-based innovations to reduce antifungal contamination and associated food-sector risks."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Psychiatry

Global transcriptomic response of Malassezia pachydermatis isolates under ketoconazole-induced stress. (PubMed, Front Vet Sci) - "Notably, genes encoding ABC transporter-associated efflux pumps were not transcriptionally induced under the tested conditions. Our results provide a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of M. pachydermatis under azole stress, demonstrating that the yeast employs diverse metabolic strategies to enter a decelerated growth state and offer a good basis for identifying future therapeutic targets to combat azole resistance."

Journal • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Otorhinolaryngology • Targeted Protein Degradation

Miconazole as a Repurposed Anticancer Candidate for Prostate Cancer. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "In the present study, we repurposed five FDA-approved antifungal agents, namely natamycin (NM), terbinafine hydrochloride (TH), ketoconazole (KZ), miconazole (MZ), and clotrimazole (CZ), as they can modulate conserved cellular processes, including sterol metabolism and mitochondrial function, which are increasingly recognized as critical determinants of cancer cell survival. These findings were validated by microscopy, flow cytometry, and protein expression analyses, demonstrating that MZ induces morphological changes and G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest via downregulation of cyclin D3, CDK2, CDK4, and PCNA and activates p53-associated signaling changes characterized by increased p21 and p27 expression. These findings identify MZ as a mechanistically active repurposed candidate for prostate cancer and support further exploration for oncology drug repurposing strategies."

Journal • Genito-urinary Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Cancer • Solid Tumor • CCND3 • CDK2 • CDK4 • CDKN1A • PCNA

Design and mechanistic evaluation of chalcone-quinoline-triazole hybrids as antifungal CYP51 inhibitors. (PubMed, Med Chem Res) - "Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 7b exhibited the most potent antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25 to 12.5 µM, surpassing the reference antifungal ketoconazole under identical experimental conditions...Molecular docking studies revealed favourable binding interactions of compound 7b within the CYP51 active site, while 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations supplemented by MM-PBSA energy decomposition and hydrogen-bond occupancy analysis supported persistent non-covalent stabilisation of the ligand-protein complex. Collectively, the integration of synthetic chemistry, antifungal evaluation, cellular sterol profiling, and complementary computational modelling identifies compound 7b as a promising antifungal lead scaffold associated with disruption of CYP51-dependent ergosterol biosynthesis."

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Antifungal and biocontrol potential of Rhodotorula carotenoid pigments against mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species in cereal-based infant foods. (PubMed, Sustain Microbiol) - "Protein profiling by SDS-PAGE revealed that all three yeast isolates shared similar banding patterns. Antifungal activity of the yeast-derived pigments against toxigenic Aspergillus isolates shows YP3 exhibited the strongest inhibition, producing zones of 21 mm against A. versicolor and 19 mm against A. niger, more than antifungal agents (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B), which showed limited activity (1-5 mm inhibition zones)."

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Revisiting the Fragmentation of Ketoconazole by Positive Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Density Functional Theory Calculations. (PubMed, Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom) - "This work delivers the first comprehensive, computationally validated fragmentation map for KCZ, directly linking MS/MS observations to thermodynamic predictions and providing a robust reference for high-confidence identification of synthetic imidazole antifungals."

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Sulfobutylether-(hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) bonded silica as stationary phase for enhancing chiral separation in liquid chromatography. (PubMed, Anal Chim Acta) - "Furthermore, the CSP demonstrated excellent performance and good reproducibility in practical analysis of commercial antifungal ketoconazole ointment. This work not only presents a high-performance chiral stationary phase but also establishes a new paradigm for constructing multifunctional synergistic separation materials through rational molecular design."

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High-throughput screening and quantification of eight anti-dandruff agents and antibiotics in hair care products by direct analysis in real-time high-resolution mass spectrometry and HPLC. (PubMed, J Pharm Biomed Anal) - "Screening revealed a widespread occurrence of ZnPT, salicylic acid, climbazole, and PO, while also identifying illicit additions of antifungal drugs including miconazole, elubiol, ketoconazole, and clotrimazole in cosmetic formulations. Featuring a rapid screening step of under 2 min per sample prior to targeted quantification, this integrated workflow offers a highly efficient, sensitive, and eco-friendly solution for large-scale regulatory monitoring of cosmetic safety and compliance."

Journal • Seborrheic Dermatitis

Is Hypercortisolism Treatable? Which Patients Should Be Treated and How-A Practical Guide for Clinicians. (PubMed, Diabetes Obes Metab) - "As cortisol activity falls, glucose- and blood-pressure medications often require down-titration. Monitoring for adrenal insufficiency, cortisol withdrawal syndrome, and drug-specific adverse effects requires coordinated multidisciplinary follow-up. Through careful evaluation and targeted treatment, hypercortisolism can be recognized and managed as a modifiable contributor to cardiometabolic risk."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Oncology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Isolation and characterization of Candida metapsilosis from foci of chronic pododermatitis in captive steppe eagles in Kazakhstan. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Disk diffusion screening showed susceptibility to azoles (ketoconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole) and reduced susceptibility to polyenes (nystatin, amphotericin B). Combined with the documented in vitro virulence-associated traits and the resolution of the lesions following targeted antifungal therapy, our findings support a contributory etiological role of C. metapsilosis as an opportunistic pathogen in raptor pododermatitis in immunocompromised birds maintained under suboptimal husbandry. Mycological work-up, including molecular identification, is therefore warranted in cases of chronic, non-resolving pododermatitis in captive birds of prey."

Journal • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology

The Effectiveness of Itraconazole Pulse Therapy vs Topical 2% Ketoconazole in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis of Scalp. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=80 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Combined Military Hospital (CMH) institute of Medical Sciences Bahawalpur Pakistan

New P1 trial • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Immunology • Seborrheic Dermatitis

An unusually small pituitary microadenoma causing severe Cushing disease in a male patient: lessons from early Radiosurgical management. (PubMed, Oxf Med Case Reports) - "Ketoconazole 200 mg daily was subsequently initiated, resulting in normalization of serum cortisol within four weeks, ACTH levels remained elevated. Mild transient ALT elevation was observed during treatment. This case highlights that very small adenomas can cause severe disease and underscores the delayed response to GKRS, necessitating early adjunctive medical therapy to control hypercortisolism and reduce morbidity."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Cushing’s Disease • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Endocrine Disorders • Fatigue • Genetic Disorders • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pituitary Gland Carcinoma