chymotrypsin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

miR-196a reduces mutant Huntingtin aggregates by Rad23b-mediated degradation in Huntington's disease. (PubMed, J Biomed Sci) - "These findings demonstrate that critical role of Rad23b in miR-196a-reduced pathological aggregates, and highly suggest downregulating Rad23b or disrupting its interaction with mHTT may offer novel strategies to mitigate mHTT aggregates to delay disease progression."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Huntington's Disease • Movement Disorders • Targeted Protein Degradation • RAD23B • UBB

Catalytic hydrogen bonds in alcalase-CI2A complexes revealed by ultra-high-resolution crystallography. (PubMed, J Struct Biol) - "Here, we report ultra-high-resolution crystal structures of alcalase, a subtilisin-family serine protease, in complex with native chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 A (CI-2 A) and with a low-affinity M59P inhibitor variant...These observations support a model in which Ser125 participates in a concerted hydrogen-bond network coupled to proton transfer within the catalytic triad. Together, the results provide atomic-level insights into hydrogen bonding, protonation equilibria, and catalytic mechanism in subtilisin-like serine proteases."

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Upamostat potentiates bortezomib cytotoxicity and delays proteasome recovery in bortezomib-resistant malignant lymphoma cells through modulation of the DDI2/NRF1 axis. (PubMed, Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res) - "DNA damage-inducible 1 homolog 2 (DDI2)-mediated processing of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1 (NRF1) contributes to adaptive proteasome restoration after inhibition, and nelfinavir (NFV) is the best-characterized small-molecule inhibitor of DDI2. Although UMS did not suppress the early induction of NRF1 or proteasome-subunit transcripts, it significantly delayed recovery of chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like proteasome activities after BTZ washout. These findings identify UMS as a candidate DDI2/NRF1-axis modulator that potentiates BTZ-induced cytotoxicity and delays functional proteasome recovery in BTZ-resistant malignant lymphoma cells."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • Oncology • ANXA5 • NRF1

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Seed Oil and Computational Safety Profiling. (PubMed, Chem Biodivers) - "In contrast, none of the sour cherry seed oil samples had a significant effect on chymotrypsin. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection analysis revealed that linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid were the major fatty acid components in all oil samples. Additionally, in silico ADMET profiling and molecular docking studies of the major fatty acids revealed favorable predicted safety profiles and strong binding affinities against the target enzymes, which, alongside the observed in vitro inhibitions, support its potential for further development."

Journal • Preclinical • Inflammation

In Vitro Selection of Functional Neoproteins Containing Highly Fluorinated Cores. (PubMed, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl) - "Starting from the protein chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2), we use genetic code reprogramming, combinatorial mutagenesis and mRNA display-based in vitro selection to discover fluorinated mutant sequences with optimised inhibitory activity...Crystal structures reveal that these proteins maintain native-like folds, with fluorine atoms forming close and epistatically coupled packing contacts within the core. This work demonstrates how to generate functional protein sequences with multiple interacting npAAs, namely neoproteins, and thereby provides a framework for exploring the use of unnatural building blocks in protein design."

Journal • Preclinical

Relative Quantitative Analysis of Site-Specific N-Linked Glycosylation in Hyperglycosylated Interferon-β via Mass Spectrometry. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Protease digestion conditions were optimized to improve recovery of site-specific glycopeptides, with chymotrypsin identified as the most effective enzyme for resolving glycopeptides from individual glycosylation sites...Molecular modeling further suggested that the additional glycan at Asn25 may enhance structural stability and receptor-binding affinity. These results demonstrate an integrative strategy for accurate glycan characterization in multi-site glycoproteins relevant to biotherapeutic development."

Journal • IFNB1

Novel Sleep-Promoting Peptides from Sea Cucumbers Targeting the GABAa Receptor Identified by a Multitechnique Approach of Proteolysis Simulation, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacophore Modeling. (PubMed, J Agric Food Chem) - "Proteolysis simulation, conducted on proteins that do not represent the primary structural components of the sea cucumber body wall, confirmed that alcalase and chymotrypsin were optimal for preparing sea cucumber oligopeptides...In conclusion, in silico and in vivo analysis can effectively and rapidly discover sleep-promoting peptides from sea cucumber proteins. This study provides a theoretical basis for identifying novel sleep-promoting constituents from natural proteins."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Insomnia • Mood Disorders • Psychiatry • Sleep Disorder • Targeted Protein Degradation

Nontoxic Enzymatically Degradable Poly(ester-urethane): Studies on Solvent-Induced Self-Assembly and Nonconventional Luminescence. (PubMed, ACS Appl Bio Mater) - "Esterase, targeting ester bonds, and α-chymotrypsin, targeting urethane bonds, were employed for enzymatic degradation studies, and hydrolytic degradation was subsequently carried out in a PBS buffer at 37 °C. In a nutshell, this report is an amalgamation of five distinct aspects: unconventional luminescence; polarity-dependent solvent-induced self-assembly; nontoxic, non-isocyanate approach; promising cytocompatibility; and in vitro enzymatic and hydrolytic degradability, making it distinct in its own right. Due to these combinations, the NIPEUs can emerge as an effective tool in various biomedical applications ranging from drug delivery to bioimaging."

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The enzyme inhibitory activity of helminth-derived serine protease inhibitor rapidly establishes immune tolerance to ameliorate allergic diseases. (PubMed, Virulence) - "Unlike the Trichinella spiralis-derived serpin (Ts-serpin), the mutant proteins showed significantly reduced inhibitory activity against the chymotrypsin and elastase...Additionally, enzyme inhibitory activity regulates the differentiation of macrophages and Treg cells to establish immune tolerance, which is the key to rapidly improving lung injury at the challenge and treatment stages of allergy. These findings suggest that the rapid regulatory properties of enzymatic reactions have great potential in the prevention and treatment of allergic inflammation."

IO biomarker • Journal • Allergy • Immunology • Inflammation • Respiratory Diseases • ELANE

Aphid symbiotic virus engineered for in vivo expression of insecticidal effectors. (PubMed, Pestic Biochem Physiol) - "Based on this infectious clone, the protein coding sequence of chymotrypsin inhibitor variant 8 (Chy8) and the double-stranded RNA sequence targeting the aphid clip-domain serine protease (SPLP) were separately assembled into the APV genome to generate APV-Chy8 and APV-dsSPLP infectious clones, respectively...The in vitro-synthesized APV-Chy8 and APV-dsSPLP clones reduced aphid relative survival rates by 48% and 45% by microinjection, respectively. These results demonstrate that engineered APV can deliver cargos and reduce aphid survival under injection-based experimental conditions, highlighting the potential of symbiotic virus-based vectors for delivering insecticidal effectors."

Journal • Preclinical • Cytomegalovirus Infection

Proteolytic enzymes chymotrypsin and papain combined with Alexandrite laser hair removal versus laser hair removal alone for the treatment of facial hirsutism: a randomized comparative study. (PubMed, J Cosmet Laser Ther) - "The increase in HFI from the 1st to the 10th session was significantly higher in group I (38.05 ± 24.47% vs 19.82 ± 12.42%). Combination of Alexandrite laser and iontophoresis of proteolytic enzymes led to greater hair reduction, better early maintenance of the achieved result and longer HFIs than laser alone."

Journal • Aesthetic Medicine

Interactions of betulinic acid with pepsin, trypsin, and α-chymotrypsin: A multi-spectroscopic and molecular simulation study. (PubMed, Biochem Biophys Res Commun) - "MD simulations (RMSD, Rg, SASA, hydrogen bond analysis, and MMPBSA) validated the dynamic stability of the complexes, with binding free energies of -13.90, -20.14, and -23.08 kcal/mol for BA-PEP, BA-TRY, and BA-CHY, respectively, consistent with the experimental affinity trend. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which BA modulates digestive proteases, providing insights into its gastrointestinal behavior and bioactivity."

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Spunta) Peels Promote the Production of Broad Spectrum Antibacterial Chemicals by Bacillus velezensis B38. (PubMed, Molecules) - "The antibacterial activity remained stable up to 80 °C, across pH 4-12, and after treatment with pepsin and chymotrypsin...To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of PPW as a fermentation substrate for Bacillus velezensis B38 to produce oxydifficidin and surfactin C14 and C15 exhibiting antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant E. coli. These findings provide a promising strategy for transforming agro-industrial waste into value-added antimicrobial metabolites, contributing to the circular bioeconomy strategies within the One Health framework."

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Study on the effect of superficial layer damage on cartilage retention performance (PubMed, Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi) - "To investigate the effect of superficial layer injury on solute permeation and retention in cartilage, two injury models were established using isolated porcine cartilage: chymotrypsin digestion (mucus layer injury) and physical abrasion (10% removal of the superficial layer)...The peak solute concentration was localized in the superficial layer of normal cartilage but shifted toward the middle layer after injury. This study demonstrates that superficial layer integrity is essential for regulating cartilage solute transport, providing experimental evidence for understanding substance transport disorders in early cartilage degeneration of osteoarthritis."

Journal • Immunology • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology

Artemisia argyi Polysaccharides Protect Intestinal Health by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity in Suckling Lambs Under Cold Exposure. (PubMed, Animals (Basel)) - "The LA group enhanced jejunal chymotrypsin and lipase activities, whereas the MA group elevated chymotrypsin, lipase, and α-amylase activities (p < 0.05)...Cecal microbiota sequencing showed that AAPs enriched the relative abundance of Anaerofilum and reduced Akkermansia. In conclusion, 1.0 g/kg AAP supplementation effectively mitigates intestinal oxidative stress, improves barrier integrity, and modulates gut microbiota, thereby enhancing nutrient digestibility and growth performance in cold-stressed suckling lambs."

Journal • CLDN1 • CLDN4 • TJP1

Tubular-Infiltrative Variant of Acinar Cell Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 11 Cases of A Distinct Entity Invariably Misdiagnosed as Ductal Adenocarcinoma (USCAP 2026) - "In our retrospective analysis, IHC showed trypsin positivity in 10/10, chymotrypsin 5/10 and CEL 5/7... We describe a [tubular-infiltrative] variant of ACC that exhibits many salient characteristics of PDACs and is thus uniformly misdiagnosed as PDAC. A constellation of morphologic findings including relative uniformity of the glands and cells, vague lobular architecture, prominence of nucleoli, and most importantly, intraluminal enzymatic concretions are diagnostic of ACC. IHC by acinar markers and absence of KRAS mutation, and BRAF/RAF alterations would also help point towards ACC."

Clinical • Oncology • Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma • BRAF • KRAS • RAF1

Cultivar-specific variation among yellow pea influences overall nutritional quality (ACS-Fall 2026) - "Despite its high protein content, Carver exhibited elevated trypsin (7.8 TUI/mg) and chymotrypsin (8.9 CUI/mg) inhibitory activities, as well as high saponin levels (4.13 mg/g)...These results indicate that total seed protein content should not be a marker for cultivar selection or ingredient sourcing in plant-based food formulation. Optimizing for digestibility and amino acid bioavailability, not just total protein content, is the smarter path for cultivar selection for nutritionally superior pea protein ingredients."

Evaluation of fennel seed meal in broiler chickens' diets: impacts on performance, carcass traits, digestive enzymes, intestinal microbiota, blood metabolites, and economic feasibility. (PubMed, Arch Anim Breed) - "The chymotrypsin enzyme experienced a notable impact...Net return and economic efficiency were increased with increasing FSM levels in broiler diets. It is concluded that FSM can be used in up to 20 % of broiler chicken diets to reduce feed costs without adverse effects on broilers' growth performance and public health."

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Histopathological and functional evidence of intestinal mucosal disruption in emaciated olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with Enteromyxum leei. (PubMed, Fish Shellfish Immunol) - "In the anterior intestine, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, and trypsin levels were significantly lower in infected fish, whereas chymotrypsin and lipoprotein lipase did not differ between groups...Correlation analysis showed positive association between FABP2 expression and both amylase and trypsin levels, whereas the marked upregulation of TRP2 was not associated with a corresponding increase in trypsin levels. These findings indicate that E. leei-associated emaciation is characterized by intestinal mucosal failure, disruption of the digestion-absorption axis, and incomplete transcriptional compensation, supporting its interpretation as a maldigestion-malabsorption syndrome."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • LPL • SREBF1

Early adjunctive local block therapy improves pain and limb swelling after Gloydius envenomation: a propensity score-adjusted retrospective cohort study in the emergency department. (PubMed, Int J Emerg Med) - "In this real-world cohort, early adjunctive LBT was associated with clinically meaningful improvement in local symptoms without evidence of increased hospital stay. These findings support LBT as a potential adjunctive strategy for hemotoxic snakebite and warrant prospective validation in multicenter prospective studies."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Pain

Dietary Acidifier Modulates the Gut Microbiota-Metabolic Axis to Improve Intestinal Health, Yolk Fatty Acid Profiles, and Egg Quality in Laying Hens. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "In addition, acidifier supplementation resulted in a denser eggshell microstructure, improved cecal mucosal morphology, and enhanced the activities of lipase, chymotrypsin, amylase, and trypsin...Collectively, these findings indicate that dietary acidifier supplementation improves laying performance, yolk fatty acid deposition, eggshell structure, intestinal function, and antioxidant status, accompanied by alterations in cecal microbiota and serum metabolism. These coordinated changes may contribute to the observed improvements in egg quality."

Journal • Metabolic Disorders

Integrated fluorescence-enhanced biosensing and targeted fishing platform for screening biomacromolecular inhibitors: Using chymotrypsin as a model. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "In the targeted fishing module, immobilized chymotrypsin (CHT@NH2-SiO2) is employed as an affinity medium, and combined with HPLC and LC-MS analysis, enables precise identification of active components in complex samples. This integrated strategy mitigates certain limitations of individual techniques, providing a feasible approach for efficient, high-throughput screening of inhibitors targeting biomacromolecules from complex systems."

Journal • Pancreatitis • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Integrated Venomics Profiling of Apis dorsata and Vespa sp. Venoms Reveal Putative Bioactive Candidates. (PubMed, Chem Biodivers) - "Proteomic profiling identified melittin, apamin, phospholipase A2, hyaluronidase, lysozyme, chymotrypsin inhibitor, and Kazal-like proteins in A. dorsata, while comparative Vespa sp. Docking indicated preliminary interactions of vorinostat with Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) and adipostatin derivatives with Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN). Overall, this study prioritizes putative bioactive metabolites, venom-associated proteins, and predicted peptide candidates for future biochemical and functional validation."

Journal • FASN

Heterogeneous dual-enzyme cascade platform based on COF and MOF for targeted valorization of rice protein. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "α-Chymotrypsin was covalently immobilized onto magnetic Fe3O4@DQTp nanocarriers to maintain an exposed catalytic interface for primary hydrolysis and enable magnetic recovery, achieving a high loading of 218.4 mg/g and 5.1-fold enhanced thermal stability (92.2% activity retained after four cycles)...Through optimized sequential hydrolysis, a final degree of hydrolysis of 58.2% was achieved. This work provides a robust and reusable platform for deep protein hydrolysis, facilitating the targeted valorization of rice protein."

Heterogeneity • Journal

Enhanced Genetically Variant Peptide Profiling from Human Hair Using Multiple Enzymes. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "Since keratins and keratin-associated proteins are the main components of the hair proteome, we examined several alternative enzymes other than trypsin, including keratinase, chymotrypsin, and Glu-C. We found that the use of multiple enzymes led to enhanced GVP profiling and, therefore, an increase in the confidence of GVP identification."

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