Synflorix (10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) / GSK - LARVOL DELTA

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution, and vaccination status in hospitalized children in Latvia: A cross-sectional study during the post-PCV13, pre-PCV15/PCV20 transition period. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "PCV vaccination coverage was 63.2% (203/321), with PCV10 (Synflorix) predominating. Children aged 1-5 years had the highest carriage prevalence at 30.9%. These data constitute the first comprehensive pneumococcal carriage assessment from the Baltic region during this transitional period and may serve as a reference for evaluating the impact of PCV15 and PCV20 following their introduction."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged two to five years old in the conjugate vaccine era: A cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "A high pneumococcal carriage rate, predominantly involving non-PCV10-GSK serotypes, was observed among children vaccinated under the Brazilian PCV10-GSK program. The limited serotype coverage of PCV10-GSK, together with antimicrobial resistance among circulating serotypes, underscores the need for ongoing surveillance to guide vaccine policy and antimicrobial stewardship in Brazil."

Journal • Observational data • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

SEROTYPE PATTERNS AMONG FATAL STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE USING POST-MORTEM SAMPLING FROM CHILD HEALTH AND MORTALITY PREVENTION SURVEILLANCE (CHAMPS), 2017-2023 (ISPPD 2026) - "Serotypes were classified hierarchically: first PCV10 (Synflorix), then additional PCV13 serotypes, and remaining vaccine-type serotypes as PCV20-only. Serotypes only covered by PCV20 accounted for 11.1% (n=12), most commonly 12F/44 (n=3,25%) and 15B/C (n=3,25%). Conclusions Most fatal pneumococcal infections at CHAMPS sites were caused by non-vaccine serotypes, and based on this small sample, PCV20 would provide only limited additional protection against fatal disease."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

PREVENTING EARLY-ONSET ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTION THROUGH MATERNAL IMMUNISATION: THE PNEUMATTERS MULTI-CENTRE RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL (ISPPD 2026) - "This is the first evaluation of PHiD-CV10 in pregnancy. A protective effect before child vaccine immunity develops would have substantial benefits in high-risk populations with early disease."

Clinical • Cough • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Pneumococcal Infections • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Genetic structure of penicillin non-susceptible invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colombia. (PubMed, Microb Genom) - "To describe the global pneumococcal sequence clusters (GPSCs) among penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumoniae isolates obtained from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease in Colombia after the introduction of PCV10 (Synflorix, GlaxoSmithKline) to generate data on the genetic structure of pneumococcal populations with different antimicrobial susceptibilities.Methods. The results revealed changes in the population structure expected after PCV10 introduction, with GPSC1 being the most important clone due to its association with multidrug resistance. Genome sequencing of clinical multidrug-resistant isolates contributes to elucidating the antibiotic resistance mechanism and understanding the global pneumococcal population structure."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF PCV13 VERSUS LOWER-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINES IN TEN GAVI-SUPPORTED COUNTRIES: A HEALTHCARE PAYER PERSPECTIVE (ISPPD 2026) - "In countries using PCV10-GSK, PCV13 was the dominant strategy versus PCV10-GSK and cost-effective compared with PCV10-SII. Comparative results across countries and vaccine strategies are presented in Table 1 and Figures 2–3.Conclusions Maintaining PCV13 programs or switching from lower-valent PCVs to PCV13 could prevent more cases of PD and deliver better value for money in GAVI-supported countries."

Cost effectiveness • HEOR • Pneumococcal vaccines • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

IMPACT OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINES ON VACCINE-TYPE INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW COMPARING 2+1 AND 3+0 DOSING SCHEDULES (ISPPD 2026) - "We updated the systematic review to re-assess the impact of these two schedules on IPD.Methods We searched clinical trials and observational studies published between January 2017 and October 2025 that evaluated the impact of 3-dose PCV schedules for PCV10 products (Synflorix®, Pneumosil®) and PCV13 (Prevenar13®) on vaccine-type IPD incidence among children aged <5 years. For PCV10, vaccine-type IPD declined 59–96% for 3+0 (n=3) and 58–100% for 2+1 (n=10). VE for ≥1 dose of PCV13 against vaccine-type IPD was 59%–94% for 3+0 schedule (n=3) and 43–100% for 2+1 (n=6); PCV10 VE was 37–90% for 3+0 (n=3), with no 2+1 studies identified.Conclusions PCV10/13 provided strong protection against vaccine-type IPD and reduced disease burden following introduction under both 3+0 and 2+1 schedules; differences between schedules could not be discerned."

Review • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

IMMUNOGENICITY OF 2+1 VS 3+0 DOSING SCHEDULES FOR PCV10 AND PCV13: THE PRIME-2 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (ISPPD 2026) - "Post-dose3 (approximately 4-7m vs 10-14m), GMCs were higher for 2+1 than 3+0 for all serotypes; %responders were within 5 %points difference except serotypes 5 for PCV13-Pfizer (3+0 was 6 %points lower) and 6A for PCV10-GSK (-36 %points) and PCV10-SII (-16 %points).Conclusions 3-dose primary schedules had higher immunogenicity than 2-dose, but lower immunogenicity than 2+1 post-booster. Proportions with vaccine-type antibody above protection correlates were high for both timepoints and schedules."

Review • Infectious Disease • Pertussis • Respiratory Diseases

NOVEL PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE SCHEDULES AND OUTCOMES: THE PREVIX TRIALS (ISPPD 2026) - "We conducted consecutive randomised controlled trials of head-to-head and combination primary and booster schedules of PHiD-CV10 and PCV13.Methods Eligible infants were first allocated 1:1:1 at age 28 to 38 days to standard (2-4-6mo) or mixed (1-2-4-6mo) PCV10 & PCV13 schedules, then at age 12 months to PCV13 or PHiDCV10. PCV13 may impact hearing via unsubstantiated mechanisms. Industry-independent trials provide critical new knowledge."

Infectious Disease • Influenza • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

INFORMING PCV PROGRAM DECISIONS THROUGH CONTINUOUS MONITORING ON VIEW-HUB (ISPPD 2026) - "All Gavi-eligible countries currently use one of three WHO pre-qualified products: Prevnar13, Synflorix, or Pneumosil. Recent WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) recommendations suggest that countries with mature PCV programs can utilize a 1p+1 schedule, although the United Kingdom is the only country so far to do so. Conclusions Decision-makers can visualize the latest PCV introduction and implementation updates on VIEW-hub to track other countries' PCV programs, particularly those with similar disease burden and vaccine uptake status, to inform their own programmatic decisions."

Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

CARRIAGE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL SEROTYPES 6A, 19A, 4, AND 18C AMONG SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS PATIENTS IN KENYA BEFORE AND AFTER THE PCV10 PRODUCT SWITCH (ISPPD 2026) - "Kenya introduced Synflorix (PCV10-GSK) in 01/2011 and gradually switched to Pneumosil (PCV10-SII) starting in 10/2022. ST19A and ST4 remain stable. Further resolution on serogroups and continued surveillance is warranted."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Respiratory Diseases

PCV OPTIMISATION IN FIJI: EVIDENCE NEEDS FOR IMMUNISATION POLICY (ISPPD 2026) - "Background Fiji introduced three doses (3p+0) of PCV10-GSK in 2012, switching to PCV10-Pneumosil in 2018...Health outcomes under 1p+1 are projected to be comparable to 3p+0, with substantial budget savings when the booster is co-administered with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine at 12 months.Conclusions Fiji could consider 1p+1, however continued IPD surveillance remains necessary. Further modelling will assess factors (e.g., coverage) that may increase vaccine-type carriage or IPD, thereby triggering a carriage survey or the need to restore population immunity."

Infectious Disease • Measles • Mumps • Pneumococcal Infections • Rubella

LONG TERM IMMUNOGENICITY AND CARRIAGE OUTCOMES AFTER FULL AND FRACTIONAL DOSES OF PCV10/13 (ISPPD 2026) - "These children had received either PCV10 (Synflorix) or PCV13 (Prevnar13) in a 2p+1 schedule at full dose, 40% dose or 20% dose. We demonstrate no difference in carriage prevalence at 36 months of age across trial arms which raises important questions as to the mechanism of protection against carriage and the immunological mechanisms behind the vaccine's indirect effects."

Late-breaking abstract

Serotype-specific immunity and association with pneumococcal carriage following 3+1, 3+0 and 2+1 schedules of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. (PubMed, J Infect Dis) - P2/3 | "We found no substantive evidence linking Bmem, IgG and OPA with pneumococcal carriage. Larger studies are needed to identify associations between different immunological parameters and carriage."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in Vietnamese children during the first five years of life: a post hoc analysis. (PubMed, Lancet Reg Health West Pac) - "Serotype coverage was similar across products Pneumosil (68·6% [95% CI 65·5-71·7%], 595/867), Prevenar13 (70·0% [95% CI 67·0-73·1%], 607/867), and Vaxneuvance (70·0% [95% CI 67·0-73·1%], 607/867), and lower for Synflorix (41·5% [95% CI 38·2-44·8%], 360/867) p < 0·05 vs Pneumosil, Prevenar13 or Vaxneuvance...Serotype, lineage distribution, and prevalence of AMR genes across the sampled age groups remained consistent, indicating that these distributions are broadly representative of young unvaccinated children, helping to guide optimal approaches for pneumococcal surveillance in low- and middle-income countries. National Health and Medical Research Council, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Determining the dose-response relationship for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a nested analysis of the fractional dose PCV trial. (PubMed, Vaccine) - P4 | "Our findings suggest that available PCV10/13 could be reformulated to optimize protective responses."

Clinical • Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

Adverse events following Synflorix vaccination reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2010-2024. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Age-specific patterns of adverse events following Synflorix vaccination were observed, with infants and toddlers showing higher intensities of systemic reactions. Compared to other pneumococcal vaccines, Synflorix exhibited a relative higher mortality reporting frequency, along with higher frequencies and RORs for specific PTs, including HHE, hypotonia, pallor, and bronchiolitis. Enhanced post-vaccination monitoring is recommended for younger populations due to their immature immune systems. Age-stratified surveillance can help optimize vaccine safety and management."

Adverse events • Journal • Retrospective data • Dermatology • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Pneumococcal carriage prevalence, serotype distribution, and vaccine coverage in Ethiopia 12 years after pneumococcal vaccine introduction. (PubMed, Vaccine) - "There is considerable residual circulation of vaccine serotypes in Ethiopia, particularly in rural areas and the east, and low vaccine coverage. Pneumococcal epidemiology varies by geographical region and urban/rural setting, implying an unequal burden of pneumococcal disease across the country 12 years post-PCV introduction."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

Cost-effectiveness of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared with currently available pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Indian children. (PubMed, IJID Reg) - "This yielded incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for PCV13-PFE vs PCV10-SII and PCV10-GSK of INR 18,142 and INR 304,234 per QALY, respectively, both below the willingness-to-pay threshold of INR 590,949. PCV13-PFE was cost-saving compared to PCV14-BE. From the private sector perspective, vaccinating children in India with PCV13-PFE could prevent more PD cases, save more PD-associated medical costs, and be more cost-effective than other locally available PCV options."

HEOR • Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections

The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of admissions to hospital with hypoxaemic and non-hypoxaemic pneumonia in Kenyan children. (PubMed, PLOS Glob Public Health) - "We examined the impact of 10-valent PCV (PCV10, Synflorix) on hypoxaemic pneumonia hospital admissions using data from an existing PCV impact study of clinical and radiographic pneumonia. Despite the consistent pneumonia surveillance and robust ITS analysis which accounted for pre-PCV10 secular trend and seasonality, the apparent association with hypoxaemic pneumonia is likely due to unmeasured time-varying confounders around the time of vaccine introduction, such as the epidemiology of other respiratory pathogens. This study highlights limitations in the analysis and interpretation of observational data in vaccine impact studies against pneumonia."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Genomic analysis of invasive and non-invasive disease-causing Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children between 2014 and 2023 in Suzhou, China. (PubMed, Microb Genom) - "We found that the majority (64.8%, n=271) of samples represented serotypes that are covered by the GSK 10-valent PCV (PCV10) formulation and that even more were covered by the SII PCV10 formulation (89.2%, n=373)...In summary, the PCV13 vaccine could potentially cover over 90% of invasive and non-invasive S. pneumoniae isolates in Suzhou, China. Therefore, increasing the uptake of PCVs by including PCV13 in the NIP would lead to significant benefits for child health."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Economic Evaluation of PHID-CV versus PCV10-SII Compared with no Vaccination in the Philippines. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "Both vaccination strategies are superior to no vaccination, producing more health benefits at lower costs. QALYs gained are higher with PHiD-CV but at higher direct costs. Results are most sensitive to assumptions about PCV10-SII vaccine price."

HEOR • Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Indirect Comparison of PCV20 Immunogenicity with PCV10 in Pediatric 3 + 1 and 2 + 1 Schedules. (PubMed, Infect Dis Ther) - "The comparable immunogenicity of PCV20 versus PCV10 in 2 + 1 and 3 + 1 schedules suggests that PCV20 will have similar effectiveness for the ten serotypes included in both vaccines, including for direct protection during infancy and toddler age, while also expanding serotype coverage. Effectiveness for PCV20 needs to be confirmed in post-marketing studies."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Investigating two decades of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia in the Gelderland area, the Netherlands, using whole-genome sequencing. (PubMed, Microb Genom) - "In the Netherlands, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced to the childhood immunization programme in 2006 and replaced by the 10-valent PCV (PCV10, GSK) in 2011...Comparison to global collections of GPSC10, GPSC1 and GPSC6 isolates favored the likelihood of separate introductions of penicillin-resistant isolates rather than cloncal expansion. Genomic surveillance of pneumococcal bacteraemia in this unbiased population sample in the Netherlands supports the use of higher valency PCVs, such as PCV20, especially in adults, to prevent future bacteraemia cases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Gelderland area, the Netherlands, while maintaining a low prevalence of AMR in the pneumococcal population."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia

Unprecedented cases of pneumococcal associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome in New Zealand (IPNA 2025) - "During this period New Zealand’s national immunisation infant schedule included pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 10 (Synflorix)...There were two deaths and two cases with neurological manifestations of HUS managed with eculizumab...Results . Conclusions ."

Clinical • Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pediatrics • Pneumococcal Infections • Pneumonia • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases