progesterone / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

PRO-MHT: Comparison of Oral Dydrogesterone and Vaginal Progesterone in Menopausal Hormone Therapy (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=200 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital

New trial

Hormonal profiles of eumenorrheic women compared to hormonal intrauterine device users. (PubMed, Physiol Rep) - "The endogenous estrogen and progesterone concentrations were similar across testing sessions in hIUD users (p = 0.720), whereas for EUM women, estrogen and progesterone were greater in the MLP than the EFP (p = 0.004). Based on these differences between estrogen and progesterone in hIUD users and EUM women, hIUD users should be treated as a unique group of females."

Clinical • Journal • Long-acting Reversible Contraceptives

Study on the Mechanism of Paeoniflorin, an Active Component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., in Improving Skin Pigmentation by Inhibiting the TNF-α Signaling Pathway. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "In vivo experiments used a model combining progesterone injection with UV irradiation...It decreased melanin granules, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and IL-6 and TNF-α levels in mouse skin tissue. This research indicates that Paeoniflorin can significantly suppress UVB-induced cellular inflammatory responses by inhibiting the TNF signaling pathway, thereby reducing hyperpigmentation."

IO biomarker • Journal • Oncology • BCL2 • HIF1A • IL6 • MAPK3 • TNFA • TP53 • Tyrosinase

B-Mode and Doppler Ultrasonographic Changes in the Corpus Luteum, Uterus, and Uterine Artery During Early Pregnancy in Cows. (PubMed, Life (Basel)) - "In conclusion, changes in corpus luteum area and perfusion area were associated with early pregnancy-related differences and may represent earlier functional ultrasonographic indicators compared with uterine artery Doppler parameters and progesterone concentrations alone. These findings may have practical implications for herd management by potentially enabling differentiation between pregnant and non-pregnant cows approximately 1-2 days earlier than serum progesterone measurements."

Journal

The Stimulating Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Agonist on Steroidogenesis and Ovulation in Female Rats with Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Taking into account differences in progesterone levels, cohorts with high (PCOS(H)) and low (PCOS(L)) progesterone were formed and treated with Follimag and Cetrotide. In both cohorts, TP03 and hCG increased progesterone levels and the expression of steroidogenesis (Star, Cyp11a1) and ovulation (Cox2, Adamts1, Egr1) genes, as well as inducing CL formation. Thus, TP03, like hCG, stimulates steroidogenesis and ovulation in PCOS-rats with different progesterone levels, which provides the first evidence of the effectiveness of allosteric LHR agonists as ovulation triggers in PCOS."

Journal • Preclinical • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • ADAMTS1 • EGR1 • STAR

Clinical outcomes of single-agent mifepristone exposures reported to U.S. Poison Centers: a ten-year review of the National Poison Data System® (2015-2024). (PubMed, Clin Toxicol (Phila)) - "Mifepristone is a 19-nor steroid that functions as a progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor antagonist with multiple uses approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. No major effects, critical care admissions, or deaths were identified. These findings suggest that single-agent mifepristone exposures rarely result in major effects and generally follows a benign clinical course."

Clinical data • Journal • Critical care • Otorhinolaryngology • Pain • Vertigo

The trophoblastic theory of cancer: Progesterone-dependent immune tolerance and modulation by synthetic and natural antagonists. (PubMed, Biomed Pharmacother) - "Finally, we propose a biomarker-driven, ethically guided clinical framework to evaluate the use of progesterone receptor antagonists or modulators in cancer treatment. The trophoblastic model, as a systems-level hypothesis, provides testable predictions that combine endocrine biology with modern immuno-oncology and may uncover previously unrecognized therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancers."

IO biomarker • Journal • Review • Genetic Disorders • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Endogenous and environmental factors that induce DNA replication defects and genomic instability in ER-negative heterozygous BRCA1 cells. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Approximately 70% of BRCA1-associated breast cancers are triple negative (TNBC; progesterone (PR), HER2, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative), which were reported to develop from ER/PR-negative luminal progenitor cells...In summary, these results reveal that alterations in estrogen metabolism caused by environmental or endogenous factors are genotoxic for ER-negative BRCA1mut/+ mammary cells. And our results also show that the dietary compound I3C can prevent estrogen-induced DNA damage, and suggest that I3C can be a potential cancer-preventive therapeutic agent for BRCA1 carriers."

Journal • Breast Cancer • HER2 Breast Cancer • HER2 Positive Breast Cancer • Hormone Receptor Breast Cancer • Hormone Receptor Negative Breast Cancer • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer • Solid Tumor • Triple Negative Breast Cancer • BRCA1 • ER • HER-2 • PGR

Menstrual cycle effects on sex differences in motor control during dynamic balance perturbations. (PubMed, Exp Physiol) - "Twenty-seven young adults (17 males: 28.5 ± 6.4 years; 10 females: 31.2 ± 6.5 years) were measured twice: females were measured at the early-follicular (EF) phase, that is 2-4 days after onset of bleeding, and at the mid-luteal phase (LUT), coinciding with peak levels of progesterone...Similarly, in neural drive during IMVC, no sex differences were observed at EF (P = 0.440), but a significant sex difference at LUT was observed (P = 0.024). Our results suggest that hormonal fluctuation in two distinct MC phases lead to females having lower neural responses during dynamic balance and voluntary force generation tasks at LUT compared to males."

Journal

Aberrant Uteroplacental and Vascular Signaling and Remodeling by Matrix Metalloproteinases in Pregnancy-Related Hypertension and Preeclampsia. (PubMed, Biomolecules) - "Increases in MMP-2 and MMP-9 in response to estrogen and progesterone promote placentation, uteroplacental vascularization and fetal growth during healthy pregnancy, but are altered in preeclampsia (PE)...Understanding the aberrant uteroplacental and vascular signaling and remodeling by MMPs could help design new biomarkers and remedies for PE. Targeting bioactive factors and rectifying MMP imbalance could improve vascular and uteroplacental remodeling, and manage HTN-Preg, FGR and PE."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Gynecology • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • FLT1 • MMP1 • MMP2 • MMP7 • MMP9

Significance of Atypia in Endometrial Hyperplasia in Predicting Progression to Carcinoma and Response to Progesterone: A Longitudinal Study (USCAP 2026) - "A substantial proportion of patients with hyperplasia progressed to EC, including HWA, suggesting that atypia is not an optimal criterion for treatment decisions. PG therapy was often associated with resolution; however, persistence, recurrence, and progression to EC occurred in a subset. Our findings highlight the need for reproducible morphologic and molecular predictors to refine risk stratification and guide individualized patient management."

Longitudinal study • Observational data • Endometrial Cancer • Gynecology • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CTNNB1 • PAX2 • PTEN

An Open-label, Randomized, Single-dose, Two-treatment, Four-period, Fully Replicate Crossover Bioequivalence Study in Healthy Female Adult Participants Under Fasting Conditions Comparing the Test Product, Prontogest Solution for IM Injection With the Reference Product, Progesterone Injection (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=26 | Completed | Sponsor: Zi Diligence Biocenter

New P1 trial

Characterizing the role of ovarian hormones in regulating sex differences in baseline immune parameters (IMMUNOLOGY 2026) - "Serum was collected for estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and progesterone measurements, and cytokines were quantified using the O-LINK platform. Three serum markers (IL-10, IL-17c, and CXCL11) showed a sex difference, with greater levels in males; no cytokine was modulated by BSO... The ovaries are not a major regulator of sex differences in immune subsets but do repress the generation of naïve B cells."

IO biomarker • Gynecology • CD8 • CXCL11 • IL10 • IL17C • PD-1 • PTPRC

Menstruation drives large cyclical increases in granulysin in cervicovaginal secretions despite stable production by local immune cells (IMMUNOLOGY 2026) - "Cycle phase was determined by urinary LH and serum progesterone... The cyclical changes in granulysin levels in cervicovaginal secretions are driven by menstruation, suggesting that the granulysin derives from uterine NK cells. In contrast, production of granulysin by resident immune cells in the cervix and vagina is independent of the menstrual cycle. These results suggest that cervicovaginal cells remain able to produce granulysin in response to microbial infection throughout the menstrual cycle, despite the large change in granulysin levels in secretions."

Immune cell • Infectious Disease • CD8

Distinct Innate Immune Correlations to Tissue-Resident Memory T Cell Distribution across the Female Reproductive Tract. (IMMUNOLOGY 2026) - "Correlations between innate cell subsets and TRM properties across FRT compartments were identified with NK cell subtypes and migratory memory T cells, which indicated an association of these populations with endogenous levels of the sex hormone, progesterone... Taken together, this study describes compartmental differences in innate cell contributions to TRM programming that are influenced by sex hormone status. We further identify correlations between distal tissue sites in the FRT that might inform upon uterine health."

Cognitive Disorders • Gynecology • IFNG

Mitochondrial fusion induced by Mdivi-1 and leflunomide alters cell proliferation and viability, steroidogenesis and oxidative stress in chicken ovarian cells. (PubMed, Poult Sci) - "In granulosa cells, both treatments enhanced progesterone secretion, supported by increased expression of STAR, 3BHSD, and CYP11A1. Finally, while Mdivi-1 did not alter reactive oxygen species (ROS) or ATP levels, leflunomide significantly reduced oxidative stress and increased ATP production. In conclusion, mitochondrial dynamics play a critical, cell-specific role in regulating hen ovarian physiology, influencing the balance between proliferation, metabolism, and steroidogenesis."

Journal • CCND1 • CYP19A1 • MFN2 • STAR

Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Leucine as Adjunct Therapy for Persistent First-Trimester Subchorionic Hematomas in Assisted Reproductive Technology Pregnancies. (PubMed, Cureus) - "This descriptive case series evaluated the effectiveness and safety of oral alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as an adjunct therapy in three primigravida women with ART-conceived pregnancies complicated by persistent first-trimester SCH unresponsive to conventional management, including progesterone support and hemostatic agents...No maternal or fetal adverse effects were reported, and all pregnancies progressed uneventfully into the second trimester. These findings suggest that oral ALA may represent a safe and potentially effective adjunctive therapy for persistent first-trimester SCH in ART pregnancies, warranting further evaluation in larger prospective studies."

Journal

IL-9 at the Maternal-Fetal Interface Drives a Novel Immunological Mechanism of Preterm Labor and Birth (IMMUNOLOGY 2026) - "Mimicking iPTL, IL-9 at the MFI did not cause systemic or intra-amniotic inflammation, progesterone withdrawal, or fetal growth restriction... IL-9 is key immune effector driving non-infectious PTL through localized immune dysregulation at the MFI and represents a modifiable pathway for immune-based prevention of prematurity."

Prematurity • Inflammation • IL9 • TGFB1

Risk Factors and Stratification Analysis of Cesarean Scar Pregnancy in Women with Cesarean Scar Diverticulum. (PubMed, J Invest Surg) - "Compared with controls, the CSP group had larger niche length and depth, thinner residual myometrium, shorter cesarean interval, and lower early log(hCG) and progesterone (all p < 0.05)...Morphological defect severity, short interpregnancy interval, and low early-pregnancy hormone levels were associated with CSP risk in women with CSD. The model may support early risk stratification and clinical management."

Journal • Retrospective data

Multi-Omics Bioinformatic Analyses Linking LOXL4 with Spondylolisthesis. (PubMed, Orthop Res Rev) - "Molecular docking suggested that LOXL4 binds strongly to estradiol and progesterone, pointing to a potential mechanism of hormonal regulation in spondylolisthesis...This findings suggest LOXL4 as a candidate gene involved in spondylolisthesis progression and a potential therapeutic target. Nevertheless, out results are preliminary and further research is needed to confirm LOXL4's role in this condition."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Oncology • Osteosarcoma • Sarcoma • Solid Tumor • LOXL4

The progesterone paradigm: Molecular prognostication in conservative management of endometrial cancer. (PubMed, Gynecol Oncol) - "Selecting candidates for nonsurgical management of endometrial cancer remains challenging. The association of myometrial invasion to response illustrates the importance of pretreatment imaging. Given non-response in 3 of 4 MMRd and both p53 mutated tumors, molecular testing should be considered in all these patients."

Journal • Endometrial Cancer • Genetic Disorders • Long-acting Reversible Contraceptives • Oncology • Solid Tumor • POLE • TP53

Maternal Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2)+ CD4 T cells promote fertility and fetal tolerance. (PubMed, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) - "Impaired fertility is associated with diminished and variable early pregnancy progesterone levels, whereas progression from mating to pregnancy is restored with exogenous progesterone...Reciprocally, these phenotypes are overturned with CD8 T cell depletion or in mice reconstituted with CD4 cells from wild-type donors which upregulate KLF2 expression in pregnant recipients. These findings demonstrate that maternal KLF2+ CD4 T cells promote fetal tolerance and fertility, particularly during allogeneic pregnancy."

Journal • Infectious Disease • CD4 • CD8 • IL10

Simulated microgravity alters sperm navigation, fertilization and embryo development in mammals. (PubMed, Commun Biol) - "Notably, progesterone partially restored navigation in human sperm under microgravity, suggesting the potential of chemical cues to mitigate gravitational absence...Prolonged exposure (24 h post-fertilization) resulted in developmental delays and reduced blastocyst cell numbers in mice. These findings underscore the resilience and vulnerability of reproductive processes under altered gravitational conditions, emphasizing the critical need to optimize peri-conception environments for successful reproduction for future space missions."

Journal • Developmental Disorders • Gynecology

Effect of GnRH administration at the supposed time of artificial insemination on LH and prostaglandin F2α metabolite profiles in lactating Holstein cows. (PubMed, J Dairy Sci) - "Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the effect of GnRH administration on the uterine response to produce 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2a (PGFM) on d 16 of the estrous cycle and explore the association of treatment on progesterone (P4) concentrations following ovulation...In conclusion, GnRH administration at the supposed time of AI increased circulating LH concentration, although it remains unclear whether this increase is sufficient to influence fertility outcomes. Moreover, estrous intensity appeared to modulate the effect of GnRH on CL development and P4 concentration post-estrus."

Journal

Subcellular localization of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of digoxin in Digitalis lanata. (PubMed, Front Plant Sci) - "In this study, we identified the subcellular localization of the three known enzymes in the digoxin biosynthetic pathway, including the cytochrome P450 sterol side-chain cleaving enzyme (P450scc), the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD), and the progesterone-5β-reductase 2 (P5βR2). The ER-localization of the foxglove P450scc is of particular interest because the mammalian P450scc, or CYP11A1, is localized to the mitochondria. These findings provide key insights into the spatial organization of digoxin biosynthesis and guide future synthetic biology and metabolic engineering of digoxin biosynthesis in plants and microbes."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure