bromhexine hydrochloride / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Efficacy of Bromhexine hydrochloride combined with bronchoalveolar lavage under fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia. (PubMed, Pak J Med Sci) - "There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). BRH combined with BAL under FOB for the treatment of mild-to-moderate CAP is associated with improved therapeutic efficacy, alleviation of clinical symptoms, reduction of the inflammatory response, and good safety."

Journal • Cough • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • IL6

Pilot survey among patients taking bromhexine prophylactically against influenza. (PubMed, J Family Med Prim Care) - "Age had no significant impact among those using BRH prophylactically. The model demonstrated good discriminative ability but limited calibration, and the results should be interpreted cautiously."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Influenza • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Mucoactive agents in bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Eur Respir Rev) - "Pooled evidence did not show a reduction in exacerbations and FEV1 % pred improvements were small. Evidence certainty was low/very low, meaning overall clinical benefit remains uncertain, highlighting the need for targeted trials of specific agents and subgroups."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Bronchiectasis • Cystic Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Pediatrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Bromhexine screening using molecularly imprinted polymers for electrochemiluminescence detection and molecular recognition. (PubMed, Anal Bioanal Chem) - "The results were compared with those from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This system shows potential for development into a selective sensor."

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COVID-19 Prophylactic Effect of Bromhexine Hydrochloride. (PubMed, Immun Inflamm Dis) - "BRH prophylaxis was associated with reduced reported COVID-19 infection rates, independent of vaccination or prior infection, with greater benefit observed with longer use. Prospective controlled studies are required to confirm these findings."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Development and validation of a green analytical method to determine bromhexine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Lastly, the suggested approach has been successfully implemented to quantify the cited medication colorimetrically in its dosage form with excellent recoveries. Also, the greenness of the suggested approach was measured by some of the recent green analytical measures as applications to our presented methodology show further access to this study."

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Bromhexine inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and variant pseudovirus infection via ACE2-targeted mechanisms. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Consistent with this model, our findings support an entry-inhibition mechanism whereby bromhexine destabilizes the SARS-CoV-2 spike-ACE2 interface, preventing viral entry. Overall, these results suggest bromhexine as a potential repurposing candidate and support its inclusion in therapeutic strategies aimed at both current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

Bromhexine hydrochloride enhances the therapeutic efficacy of tiamulin against experimental Staphylococcus aureus infection in dogs: targeting bacterial virulence, boosting antioxidant defense, and improving histopathology. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "These benefits appear to be mediated through synergistic antimicrobial, anti-virulence, and antioxidant mechanisms. The findings support the potential of this therapeutic approach for managing drug-resistant S. aureus infections and justify further clinical investigation."

Journal • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • CYP1B1 • IL1B

Tissue distribution of bromhexine hydrochloride in broiler chickens following oral administration via drinking water. (PubMed, Poult Sci) - "Given these findings and the broad safety profile of bromhexine hydrochloride-classified by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) as not requiring a maximum residue limit (MRL)-establishing a withdrawal period for this compound under the current dosing regimen appears unnecessary. These results provide valuable data to inform the safe and effective use of bromhexine hydrochloride in poultry production."

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Impact of treatment protocols on hospital length of stay for COVID-19 patients: A machine learning analysis of cases in Khuzestan province, Iran. (PubMed, Health Informatics J) - " Actemra and Bromhexine exhibited the strongest correlation with LOS. The ML models predicted LOS with high accuracy, demonstrating their potential to assist clinical decisions. Overall, early treatment and predictive modeling can enhance patient outcomes and optimize hospital resource use."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease

Association between early administration of mucoactive agents and in-hospital mortality in patients with pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation: a nationwide cohort study. (PubMed, J Intensive Care) - "In patients with ventilated pneumonia, early administration of mucoactive agents was associated with lower in-hospital mortality."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

N-acetylcysteine inhalation improved sputum rheology in chronic productive cough: Clinical application in two cases. (PubMed, Respir Investig) - "Rheological measurements before and 30 min after inhalation were compared retrospectively in 16 outpatients receiving either NAC (n = 9) or bromhexine hydrochloride (BXH) (n = 7). In addition, two case reports, a 67-year-old man with bronchorrhea and a 79-year-old woman with refractory asthma, demonstrated improved quality-of-life scores evaluated with the Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire (CASA-Q) and rheological improvement following 1-2 weeks of twice-daily NAC inhalation. These findings suggest that nebulized NAC may be a promising add-on therapy for refractory airway diseases characterized by high sputum stringiness (γC)."

Journal • Asthma • Cough • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Endobronchial chondroma with ossification mimicking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case report. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "Upon admission, the patient received treatment with ceftazidime and bromhexine hydrochloride; however, no significant improvement was observed. Despite being rare and lacking specific clinical manifestations or imaging characteristics, it is crucial to remain vigilant regarding potential uncommon diseases such as endobronchial chondroma in patients presenting with long-term cough, expectoration, asthma symptoms alongside a smoking history-even when common conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are initially suspected. When conventional treatments prove ineffective, timely examination via fiberoptic bronchoscopy should be conducted to prevent missed diagnoses of rare lesions like endobronchial chondroma due to symptom overlap with more prevalent diseases."

Journal • Asthma • Chronic Cough • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Cough • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Lung Cancer • Oncology • Pain • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor

Multiple concurrent opportunistic infections in patient with myasthenia gravis: A case report. (PubMed, Virulence) - "The patient exhibited persistent ptosis and pulmonary infection, and was treated with Meropenem 12 mg once daily (qd), Tacrolimus 2 mg qd, and Bromhexine 60 mg three times daily (tid)...Based on these findings, the treatment plan was adjusted to include Amphotericin B complex 25 mg via intravenous (IV) qd, Tigecycline 100 mg q12h, and Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) 0.96 g q6h for anti-infection, along with Ganciclovir 250 mg IV q12h. The patient continues to receive infusions of immunoglobulins and albumin. This case underscores the importance of monitoring MG patients on immunosuppressive therapy for opportunistic infections, emphasizing the complexity of managing multiple pathogens simultaneously."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Gastroenterology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Myasthenia Gravis • Respiratory Diseases

Exploring Schiff base bromhexine derivatives: study on synthesis, characterization, biological assays, molecular docking. (PubMed, Future Med Chem) - "Molecular docking studies against α-amylase and α-glucosidase revealed strong inhibition scores, with BM6 and BM7 emerging as the most promising candidates. This study concludes that derivatives could serve as lead compounds in the development of novel therapeutic agents."

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Combining kinetics and in silico approaches to evaluate bromhexine as an anti-pancreatic lipase agent for obesity management. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Currently, the only clinically approved pharmacological agent for pancreatic lipase inhibition is Orlistat. Collectively, our findings suggest that Bromhexine displays potent pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition activity and could serve as a potential candidate in weight management as demonstrated by both in silico and in vitro analyses. However, further investigations, including structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses and in vivo studies, are necessary to confirm its clinical potential as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

Study on the Pharmacokinetics of Bromine Hexane Hydrochloride Tablets in Healthy Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=33 | Completed | Sponsor: Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 ➔ Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 ➔ Jul 2024

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date

A confirmatory clinical trial of inhaled bromhexine hydrochloride solution for adult expectorant therapy (ChiCTR) - P3 | N=316 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Shenzhen People's Hospital; Shenzhen People's Hospital

New P3 trial • Bronchiectasis • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Phase IIa randomized placebocontrolled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of bromhexine in combination with standard therapy in the early treatment of COVID-19 in primary care patients. (PubMed, Rev Med Chil) - "Since coughing is one of the primary forms of transmission for SARS-CoV-2, the observed reduction of coughing might be highly beneficial, particularly for patients living in crowded, poorly ventilated, or confined environments."

Clinical • Journal • P2a data • Cough • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Egg Residues of Amoxicillin, Single and in Combination with Bromhexine, in Laying Hens. (PubMed, Pathogens) - "The concentration of BRM in the eggs remained at 100 μg/kg up to the fourth day following drug administration. These results confirmed that BRM co-administration increased systemic exposure to AMX, with a negligible residual impact of amoxicillin in eggs."

Combination therapy • Journal • PK/PD data

Development of a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of aminophylline, doxofylline, bromhexine, and ambroxol by HPLC. (PubMed, Sci Prog) - " The established HPLC method is simple, reliable, and stable, allowing for the simultaneous determination of the four antitussive and expectorant drugs. APL, DXL, BXH, and AXH were stable within 48 hours when mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% glucose injections."

Journal • Respiratory Diseases

Efficacy and safety of mucolytics in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Respir Investig) - "Mucolytics reduce exacerbations and hospitalizations in patients with stable COPD and have a safety profile comparable to that of placebo."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Immunology • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Analysis of binary mixture of oxytetracycline and bromohexine in their combined veterinary formulation by four simple spectrophotometric methods with greenness assessment. (PubMed, BMC Chem) - "Formulating bromhexine (BR) with oxytetracycline (OTC) improved the antibacterial activity of OTC, besides it is considered as a mucolytic agent. The proposed methods are highly selective, robust and precise. Additionally they are time and money effective and can be used in any analytical laboratory."

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Application of Hydrophilic Polymers to the Preparation of Prolonged-Release Minitablets with Bromhexine Hydrochloride and Bisoprolol Fumarate. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Sodium alginate in the amount of 50% was also effective in prolonging dissolution, but PVA was much less effective. Studies on the release kinetics showed that dissolution from prolonged-release minitablets with BHX fit the best to Hopfenberg or Hixson-Crowell models, while in the case of BFM, the best fit was found for Hopfenberg or Korsmeyer-Peppas models."

Journal • Pediatrics

Bidentate bromhexine drug coordination modes with various transition metal ions: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antibacterial and anti-breast cancer activity tests. (PubMed, J Trace Elem Med Biol) - "All the output data conjugated to confirm the octahedral geometry of the metal complexes. The biological findings revealed that metal complexes can be more active than the free BHX ligand. Against MCF-7 cell line, Cd(II)-L complex is highly active complex (4.95 µg/mL) but BHX free drug is the most active compound (3.96 µg/mL)."

Journal • Preclinical • Breast Cancer • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor