phenytoin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Pharmacological Modulation of Peripheral Nerve Excitability (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=20 | Completed | Sponsor: Aalborg University | Not yet recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Pain

Midazolam infusions for therapeutic management of pediatric refractory status epilepticus: a systematic review. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "The studies did not differentiate between intubations performed as part of the study protocol or prior to midazolam infusion initiation nor did they specify whether hypotension was related to the co-administration of phenytoin or phenobarbital. Earlier seizure cessation may be achieved by targeting this therapeutic window by starting treatment with higher doses than the typically used 1.0 μg/kg/min (0.06 mg/kg/h) or by rapidly escalating the dose. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023413038."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Epilepsy • Hypotension • Pediatrics

Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medications and Congenital Malformation Risk in Offspring:A Population-Based Study (ISPOR 2025) - "Gabapentin was associated with increased pyloric stenosis risk. Prenatal exposure to ASMs is associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations in offspring, particularly affecting the circulatory system and cardiac structures, with risks varying by ASM type, timing of exposure, dosage, and combination therapy use. Valproic acid and phenytoin showed the highest risks, while lamotrigine and levetiracetam had lower teratogenic profiles. These findings emphasize the importance of careful selection of ASMs during pregnancy to minimize fetal risks while managing maternal epilepsy effectively."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

A mouse model of GRIN2D developmental and epileptic encephalopathy recapitulates the human disease. (PubMed, Brain) - "Acute administration of ketamine at a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) had a limited effect on the spectral properties, and higher dosages (4 or 10 mg/kg) caused seizures. Conversely, memantine (10 mg/kg) and phenytoin (30 mg/kg) demonstrated a small corrective effect on ECoG properties. Together, Grin2d mutant mice recapitulate key phenotypes of patients with pathogenic GRIN2D variants, including unique, abnormal brain oscillations, which may serve as a biomarker for quantifying drug responses and guiding future research efforts."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Epilepsy • GRIN2D

An Unusual Case of Seizures in a Patient with Concomitant Autoimmune Hypoparathyroidism and Coeliac Disease (ENDO 2025) - "He had recurrent diarrhea which later reduced and he was on phenytoin...This case highlights the importance of considering malabsorptive disorders in hypocalcemia and seizure disorders.*. .*"

Clinical • Celiac Disease • CNS Disorders • Depression • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Epilepsy • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hypoparathyroidism • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain • Psychiatry • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Multigram-scale organic synthesis by Resonant Acoustic Mixing. Application to the Sustainable Preparation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. (PubMed, ChemSusChem) - "Three different reaction types were extensively studied at multi-gram scale by Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM): i) the Knoevenagel condensation to vanillin barbiturate, ii) the Biginelli multicomponent reaction (MCR) to dihydropyrimidinones, which includes the anticancer drug (±)-Monastrol, and iii) the Biltz synthesis to the antiepileptic drug Phenytoin...The processes were assessed by green chemistry metrics and tools (e.g., Chem21 and DOZNTM 3.0) demonstrating that RAM technology was outperforming compared to the corresponding solution-based methods, representing an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional approaches in organic synthesis and for the preparation of pharmaceuticals in a more sustainable way. The use of milling beads, for grinding assisted RAM (GA-RAM) processes, alone or in combination with liquid-assisted RAM (LA-RAM), was also investigated, to enhance reaction efficiency."

Journal • Oncology

Phenytoin in Treatment of Atrophic Post Acne Scars. (clinicaltrials.gov) - P4 | N=30 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Assiut University

New P4 trial • Acne Vulgaris

Drug-Drug Interactions Leading to Tacrolimus Toxicity in a Renal Transplant Patient With COVID-19: The Role of Paxlovid and the Mitigating Use of Phenytoin. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient demonstrated improvement in renal function and tacrolimus levels, allowing for cautious reinitiation of immunosuppression. This case highlights the critical need for vigilant monitoring of drug-drug interactions in transplant recipients and the potential role of phenytoin as an effective therapeutic strategy in managing tacrolimus toxicity induced by CYP3A4 inhibitors as well as the urgent need for developing COVID-19 outpatient treatments with minimal interaction with tacrolimus."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Renal Disease • Transplantation

A Clinical Study of Belzutifan (MK-6482) Alone or With Phenytoin in Healthy Participants (CA46602/MK-6482-035) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=14 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open

Safety and efficacy of osimertinib 160 mg daily given concurrently with a strong CYP3A4 inducer. (PubMed, Respir Med Case Rep) - "After a failed trial to wean the patient off phenytoin, osimertinib at a dose of 160 mg in combination with phenytoin was recommended based on existing clinical guidelines. Additionally, she tolerated osimertinib well with minimal side effects although with persistent dyspnea of unclear etiology. Our case illustrates that 160 mg of osimertinib administered concurrently with a strong CYP3A4 inducer can be given safely and with retained efficacy in treating CNS metastatic EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Lung Adenocarcinoma • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Pulmonary Disease • Solid Tumor • CYP3A4

Effect of Phenytoin or Itraconazole on How BGB-16673 is Absorbed and Removed From the Body in Healthy Participants (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=30 | Recruiting | Sponsor: BeiGene | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting

Enrollment open

Effect of Phenytoin or Itraconazole on How BGB-16673 is Absorbed and Removed From the Body in Healthy Participants (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=30 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: BeiGene

New P1 trial

Are Newer Antiseizure Medications Better Off in Maintaining Oral Health in Persons with Epilepsy? (PubMed, Ann Indian Acad Neurol) - "Older ASMs, especially phenytoin, can be associated with significant oral side effects. Newer ASMs are relatively safe, but further research is needed to fully understand their long-term effects."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Dental Disorders • Epilepsy • Periodontitis

Tuberous Sclerosis Due to Deletion of Exons 4-8 in TSC2 Gene, Favourably Responding to Phenytoin and Everolimus: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "From the age of 19, she also received everolimus, as a result of which the multi-organ hamartomas regressed significantly. This case shows that epilepsy in TSC is not intractable, that phenytoin could be an option for epilepsy in TSC patients, and that everolimus is very effective in terms of regression of benign tumors."

Journal • Alzheimer's Disease • Astrocytoma • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Developmental Disorders • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Ocular Melanoma • Oncology • Psychiatry • Solid Tumor • TSC2

Investigation and Mechanism of Coumarin for Potential Anti-Epileptic Targets using in-vitro SH-SY5Y Cell Line, Molecular Docking, and Network Pharmacology-based Analysis. (PubMed, CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets) - "The obtained data demonstrate that coumarin efficiently suppresses epileptic effects produced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Thus, coumarin-containing liposomes (Coumarosome) represent a high potential therapeutic value as an antiepileptic pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of epilepsy."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

EEG signal dimension is an index of seizure propensity and antiseizure medication effects in a mouse model of acquired epilepsy. (PubMed, Epilepsia) - "EEG-based dimension provides a reliable measure of mouse propensity to experience seizures as well as ASM efficacy, regardless of seizure rates. Measuring dimension variation should facilitate the inclusion of subjects with low seizure rate in preclinical and clinical trials while also shortening the periods of monitoring. This could accelerate both the development of new treatments and therapeutic decisions in the medical field."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy

Precision medicine approach for in vitro modeling and computational screening of anti-epileptic drugs in pediatric epilepsy patients with SCN2A (R1629L) mutation. (PubMed, Comput Biol Med) - "Two of the five candidate compounds effectively modulated electrophysiological activities; moreover, these compounds were 100 times more potent than phenytoin. Therefore, this study demonstrates the feasibility of precision medicine in epilepsy treatment, emphasizing the benefits of patient-derived in vitro seizure models and computational drug screening. Additionally, this study highlights the potential of targeted therapeutic development for patients unresponsive to conventional therapies, showcasing a promising approach for personalized medical interventions in epilepsy."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Pediatrics

Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Casdatifan in Healthy Adult Participants (ARC-29) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1 | N=14 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Arcus Biosciences, Inc.

New P1 trial

Drug treatment for myotonia. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "More-recent trials are more robust, and well-conducted RCTs demonstrate moderate-certainty evidence for the efficacy of symptomatic treatments in non-dystrophic myotonias. Additionally, the data suggest that not all patients respond to therapy and research into aetiology and treatment options for non-responders is needed. Other agents that have not been tested in RCTs, such as acetazolamide, flecainide, ranolazine, and lacosamide, will need to be considered when planning future clinical trials. Moreover, the RCTs, in particular the small numbers of most trials, highlight the challenges in recruitment and design of robust trials in rare diseases, and research into trial design to improve recruitment in rare diseases will be important for future trials."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Cataract • CNS Disorders • Fatigue • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Genetic Disorders • Muscular Dystrophy • Myositis • Myotonic Dystrophy • Ophthalmology • Pain • Rare Diseases

Management of Paxlovid Induced Tacrolimus Neurotoxicity with Phenytoin (ISHLT 2025) - "He takes Tacrolimus 1mg twice a day, mycophenolate mofetil 1500mg, and prednisone 5mg daily. Phenytoin, a CYP34A inducer, can enhance Tacrolimus metabolism, aiding in the treatment of Tacrolimus toxicity. While doses of 300-400mg/day have been reported for effective elimination, we successfully reversed supratherapeutic Tacrolimus levels with just 200 mg."

Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Movement Disorders • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Ocular Inflammation • Pain • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

SOX1-Positive Encephalitis Presenting as New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE): A Rare Paraneoplastic Manifestation (P3-8.012). (PubMed, Neurology) - "Despite IV lorazepam, levetiracetam, and phenytoin, her seizures persisted and she required sedation, intubation, and ICU monitoring...She was treated with IV methylprednisolone and IVIG. She again started to have focal seizures and her antiepileptic dose was adjusted and was given IV rituximab...Sharma has nothing to disclose. Disclaimer: Abstracts were not reviewed by Neurology® and do not reflect the views of Neurology® editors or staff."

Journal • Anesthesia • Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam Versus Phenytoin in Brain Injury: An Umbrella Review (P6-4.004). (PubMed, Neurology) - "Dr. Aimen has nothing to disclose."

Clinical • Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Vascular Neurology

A Case of Aicardi Syndrome with Positive Outcomes Following Hemispherectomy (P10-9.015). (PubMed, Neurology) - "EEG showed hypsarrhythmia responsive to vigabatrin...Patient trialed on carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, divalproex, levetiracetam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, clobazam, and topiramate...Medication regimen consisted of oxcarbazepine 900 mg BID, brivaracetam 150 mg BID, cenobamate 200 mg daily, and cannabidiol 2 mL/kg BID...In light of dramatic improvement in seizure frequency and severity, she weaned off multiple antiepileptic medications, now on cenobamate 300 mg and klonopin 0.5 mg daily...Dr. Proteasa has nothing to disclose."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Rare Diseases

Evaluation of topical vitamin k cream on repair of full thickness wound in diabetic rat. (PubMed, Injury) - "The findings showed that 1 % vitamin k creams have potential effects on wound healing. Vitamin K exerts this effect through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as stimulating collagen synthesis."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • CAT • IL1B • TNFA

Efficacy of topical tacrolimus 0.03% ointment in combination with microneedling versus topical phenytoin 2% cream in combination with microneedling for the treatment of non-segmental facial vitiligo. (PubMed, Arch Dermatol Res) - "Our results provide additional evidence for the potential positive role of phenytoin as a therapeutic option in patients with non segmental vitiligo. However, tacrolimus 0.03% ointment combined with microneedling was associated with a better response than phenytoin 2% cream combined with microneedling."

Clinical • Journal • Dermatology • Immunology • Vitiligo