Natacyn (natamycin) / Harrow Health, Clinigen, Santen - LARVOL DELTA

Comparison of Preservatives for the Prevention of Microbial Spoilage of Apple Pomace During Storage. (PubMed, Foods) - "To address this challenge, we investigated the potential of different preservatives for preventing microbial growth and the spoilage of apple pomace, including antimicrobials (natamycin and iodine), polysaccharides (chitosan and fucoidan), and acetic acid...Apple pomace submerged in 0.8 M acetic acid (3 kg pomace per liter) resulted in a five-log reduction in the microbial colony-forming units (CFUs) out to 14 days and prevented fermentation and ethanol production. These results provide a foundation for the short-term storage and preservation of apple pomace that could contribute to its upcycling."

Journal

Pyrenochaeta unguis-hominis-associated fungal keratitis: A rare case report with in vivo confocal microscopy findings. (PubMed, Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep) - "Treatment included hourly topical voriconazole 2 %, natamycin 5 % and vancomycin 2.5 %, with additional epithelial debridement to enhance drug penetration. While IVCM provided early, non-invasive visualization of stromal changes, definitive diagnosis was achieved through molecular testing. A conservative treatment regimen with topical antifungals and epithelial debridement was effective, emphasizing the importance of rapid diagnostics and targeted therapy in managing rare corneal infections."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

REAGIR: Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation With Green Light for Infection Reduction (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=330 | Completed | Sponsor: University of California, San Francisco | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Emerging ocular pathogen: multidrug-resistant Corynespora cassiicola in fungal keratitis: case series and literature review. (PubMed, Int Ophthalmol) - "Corynespora cassiicola is an uncommon cause of fungal keratitis, often associated with agricultural trauma. Accurate identification through molecular methods is essential for appropriate management. This case series represents the first comprehensive report of multiple keratitis cases caused by C. cassiicola, highlighting its clinical significance and microbiological profile."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Comparative efficacy of intrastromal amphotericin B versus voriconazole in treating deep-stromal refractory fungal keratitis. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "Intrastromal Amphotericin B has been shown to provide better outcomes than Voriconazole in the treatment of deep stromal refractory fungal keratitis."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Fusarium keratitis on the rise in southern Europe: Implications of contact lens use and global warming. (PubMed, J Fr Ophtalmol) - "Fusarium keratitis is a serious ocular condition typically seen in tropical hot and humid areas. Its increase in temperate regions may be related to contact lens use and climate change. Prompt antifungal treatment, antifungal susceptibility testing, and early keratoplasty may be crucial for better outcomes."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Dual-Layer Natamycin and Boric-Acid-Reinforced PVA/Chitosan by 3D Printing and Electrospinning Method: Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation. (PubMed, Polymers (Basel)) - "These results confirm the synergistic antifungal efficacy of BA and NAT within the dual-layer structure. Together, these findings highlight the potential of the 3D-printed PVA/CS/BA_PVA/NAT composite as a mechanically robust, morphologically optimized, and bioactive platform for antifungal therapy and wound-healing applications."

Journal • Preclinical

ZIF-8-coated ZnO with pH-responsive natamycin release boosting the antifungal and anti-inflammation activity to treat fungal keratitis. (PubMed, J Mater Chem B) - "Moreover, NATA@ZnO-Z not only promoted M2 macrophage polarization and suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in vitro but also effectively reduced neutrophil infiltration in vivo. These findings highlight that NATA@ZnO-Z can serve as a novel therapeutic approach for FK with antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects and intelligent release."

Journal • Inflammation • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • CAT • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

Targeting fungal keratitis: In vivo efficacy of corneal-targeting and non-targeting peptides againstFusarium dimerum. (PubMed, Eur J Pharm Biopharm) - "Additionally, these peptides demonstrated successful trans-epithelial penetration in rabbit eyes and exhibited superior therapeutic effects compared to commercially available natamycin ophthalmic suspension in mouse model of Fusarium keratitis...In contrast, CorTS 1, with its corneal-targeting capability, may be more effective for treating late-stage deep stromal keratitis. These findings highlight the potential of biologically active CPPs as promising new therapies for fungal keratitis."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus flavus infection induces pathogen-specific and pathogen-independent host immune response in patients with fungal keratitis. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Current antifungal agents like natamycin and voriconazole have limited efficacy, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of host immune responses. These findings provide insights into the distinct immune pathways triggered by Fusarium spp. and A. flavus, offering new therapeutic targets for improving fungal keratitis treatment."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • APOE • CXCL8 • IL17A • IL6 • LRG1 • S100A8 • S100A9 • TNFA

Phase separation of a master transcription factor targeted by a natural compound regulates fungal ergosterol homeostasis. (PubMed, Sci China Life Sci) - "Additionally, we identify a natural compound, natamycin, as a direct inhibitor of FfSR, suppressing its phase separation and transcriptional capability. These findings highlight a novel mechanism by which fungal pathogens regulate ergosterol homeostasis through transcription factor phase separation, indicating that small molecules targeting FfSR could serve as a synergist to enhance azole efficacy against pathogenic Fusarium."

Journal

Randomised controlled trial of topical combination therapy chlorhexidine 0.2% and natamycin 5% versus topical natamycin 5% alone for fungal keratitis in East Africa: study protocol. (PubMed, Wellcome Open Res) - "Primary analysis (intention-to-treat) will be by linear regression, with treatment arm and baseline BSCVA pre-specified covariates. Secondary outcomes include epithelial healing time, scar/infiltrate size, ulcer depth, hypopyon size, perforation and/or therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty, and positive re-culture rate."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Moderation of cross linkage of sodium alginate-polyethylene oxide films loaded with natamycin for treatment of Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis. (PubMed, J Mater Sci Mater Med) - "SA-PEO membranes could reduce the inflammatory response. Conclusively, NATA-SA-PEO films could be considered a useful approach to prolong ocular natamycin maintenance and improve the outcome of fungal keratitis."

Journal • Inflammation • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

SARS-CoV-2 infection enhancement by amphotericin B: implications for disease management. (PubMed, J Virol) - "Subsequently, we investigated the impact of AmB, nystatin, natamycin, fluconazole, and caspofungin on SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in vitro. The magnitude of enhancement could be up to 10- or 100-fold, depending on cell lines used. These findings indicate that AmB and nystatin have the potential to enhance disease when given to patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and therefore should not be used for treatment of fungal infections in active COVID-19 cases."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Respiratory Diseases • IFITM3

Efficacy of natamycin to reduce adhesion and biofilm formation of multispecies yeast biofilms on variable flow conditions. (PubMed, Biofouling) - "This highlights the importance of preventing initial adhesion for controlling biofilm development. Additionally, these findings underscore the importance of evaluating antimicrobial agents in dynamic flow conditions that closely mimic real-world applications."

Journal

Pectin and natamycin coating improves the quality and fungal diversity of jujube. (PubMed, Int J Biol Macromol) - "Consequently, PNC demonstrated potential in effectively enhancing the physicochemical properties and modulating the fungal community composition of jujube during refrigeration. The outcomes of this study will offer valuable insights for strategies in fruit preservation."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Deep Fungal Stromal Keratitis After Cataract Surgery: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Initial treatment with natamycin and fluconazole was ineffective, and the infection progressed despite topical and systemic voriconazole. This case illustrates the diagnostic value of in vivo confocal microscopy in deep stromal fungal keratitis. It emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate antifungal agents when first-line treatments are ineffective."

Journal • Cataract • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Clinical and microbiological profile of patients with fungal keratitis demonstrating unusual yeast-like structures in potassium hydroxide with calcofluor white preparation of corneal scraping. (PubMed, J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect) - "Atypical structures resembling yeast-like cells detected in direct smear examination in the absence of growth in culture media should raise the suspicion of a fungal etiology and warrant further investigations to establish the diagnosis."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Retrospective Review of Fungal Keratitis at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Perth, Western Australia Between 2006 and 2022. (PubMed, Mycoses) - "Results were largely consistent with previous studies in the Australian context. Fusarium species and Candida albicans were the most common pathogens isolated. Prior topical corticosteroid use was the most common predisposing risk factor, followed closely by contact lens wear and ocular surface disease. A large proportion of patients experienced corneal perforations and required penetrating keratoplasty."

Journal • Retrospective data • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Macrophomina phaseolina keratitis: treatment approach for poor response to topical natamycin. (PubMed, BMJ Case Rep) - "Corneal scraping showed fungal hyphae on smears and was later identified as Macrophomina phaseolina Despite hourly topical natamycin 5% and oral ketoconazole, the infiltrates progressed in a migrating ring pattern. After 5 months, the infiltrate resolved without recurrence. This case highlights Macrophomina keratitis which mimicked Nocardia and Pythium infections and demonstrates successful treatment with topical voriconazole."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Advancing fungal keratitis treatment: transitioning from conventional amphotericin B therapy to nanocarrier-based delivery systems. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "Commercially available topical antifungal formulations are natamycin (5%), voriconazole (1%), fluconazole (0.2-0.5%), itraconazole (1%), and amphotericin B (0.15%). It discusses various nanocarrier strategies, their pharmacokinetics, and preclinical and clinical advancements. By bridging the gap between conventional treatments and modern nanotechnology, this review underscores the potential of nanocarriers to revolutionize FK treatment, offering more effective and patient-friendly therapeutic solutions."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

In vitro activity of novel antifungals, natamycin, and terbinafine against Fusarium. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "In this article, we assessed the in vitro activity of the novel antifungals olorofim, manogepix, rezafungin, and ibrexafungerp, as well as the established but nonstandard drugs, natamycin and terbinafine, against a large set of molecularly identified clinical Fusarium isolates via EUCAST microdilution. Furthermore, we report specific susceptibilities for terbinafine against FDSC, FFSC, and FOSC species. These findings of complex- and species-specific olorofim and terbinafine in vitro susceptibilities highlight the need for diagnostics below genus level."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Profiling Drug Susceptibility and Species Identification of Aspergillus Isolates From Patients With Superficial Infection. (PubMed, Mycoses) - "Multi-gene sequencing outperformed MALDI-TOF for Aspergillus identification. A. terreus dominance and micafungin resistance highlight regional epidemiological trends. Natamycin and nystatin remain cost-effective first-line topical options. Enhanced surveillance in trauma-prone and environmentally exposed populations is warranted."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Mood Disorders • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Antifungal susceptibility and clinical efficacy of chlorhexidine combined with topical ophthalmic medications against Fusarium species isolated from corneal samples. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "This study investigated the susceptibility of various Fusarium fungi to five topical antifungal agents: natamycin, voriconazole, chlorhexidine, natamycin combined with chlorhexidine, and voriconazole combined with chlorhexidine. The findings of this study provide valuable guidance for establishing the epidemiological cutoff and clinical MIC values for Fusarium spp. This study paves the way for future multicenter studies on the treatment of FK with natamycin and chlorhexidine."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Therapeutic Efficacy of Ultraviolet C Light on Fungal Keratitis-In Vitro and Ex Vivo Studies. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "Two treatment groups were tested: (1) UVC exposure (265 nm, 1.93 mW/cm2) for durations of 0 s, 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 30 s, 60 s, or 120 s, and (2) UVC combined with antifungal drugs (Amphotericin B and Natamycin) at their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), determined in YPD broth...Ex vivo, 15 s and 30 s UVC inhibited growth (p = 0.0476), but no differences were seen between groups (all p > 0.05). UVC demonstrated strong antifungal efficacy, with supplementary benefits from combining UVC with low doses of antifungal drugs."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology