Natacyn (natamycin) / Harrow Health, Clinigen, Santen - LARVOL DELTA

A neutrophil membrane-biomimetic drug delivery system enhances the antifungal and anti-inflammatory efficacy of natamycin for fungal keratitis. (PubMed, Biomater Adv) - "G-NAT@βNM also significantly decreased inflammatory cytokine levels stimulated by A. fumigatus in vitro, confirming its anti-inflammatory activity. These findings indicate that the neutrophil membrane-biomimetic drug delivery system (G-NAT@βNM) offers an innovative and effective therapeutic system for FK."

Journal • Corneal Abrasion • Inflammation • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Evaluating the effectiveness of integrated strategies to manage sudden death syndrome of soybean: Supplementing SDS-resistant and -susceptible cultivars with chemical and biological seed treatments. (PubMed, Plant Dis) - "No seed treatments reduced FDX or root rot and only base+fluopyram and base+fluopyram+natamycin increased yield (+254 to 301 kg/ha) compared to the non-treated in the low disease severity environments. Cultivar resistance remains the most effective SDS management strategy, with seed treatments providing significant benefits under high disease pressure."

Journal

Efficacy and Safety of Intracameral Amphotericin B for Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Int J Antimicrob Agents) - "ICAMB was associated with improved healing and reduced surgical intervention in fungal keratitis without reported toxicity. Although the evidence is primarily observational, the consistency of effect across cohort and case-series data supports its potential role as an adjunctive therapy in severe or refractory fungal keratitis. The term conventional treatment in this context refers to standard topical antifungal therapy (e.g., natamycin, voriconazole). No data were available regarding species-level amphotericin susceptibility or Candida ocular surface disease comorbidity. Future trials should include standardized outcome definitions and controlled comparisons to validate these findings."

Journal • Retrospective data • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Natamycin in Food and Ophthalmology: Knowledge Gaps and Emerging Insights from Zebrafish Models. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "This review consolidates existing evidence and positions zebrafish as a vital translational link between in vitro assays, mammalian models, and clinical practice. Additionally, it proposes a framework to ensure the effective and scientifically supported use of natamycin in both food and medicinal applications."

Journal • Review • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Sennoside A alleviates fungal keratitis by modulating inflammation and immune responses through the caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. (PubMed, Cytokine) - "SA effectively mitigated fungal keratitis-induced damage by suppressing harmful inflammation and modulating immune responses. Its synergistic action with existing antifungal therapies underscores its promising clinical potential."

Journal • Inflammation • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • GSDMD • IL18 • IL1B • MPO

A Method for the Accurate and Sensitive Detection of Natamycin in Blueberries by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to High Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS). (PubMed, J AOAC Int) - "A method suitable for use in the regulatory and commercial monitoring of natamycin residues in blueberries is developed and presented."

Journal

Purpureocillium lilacinum Keratitis and Endophthalmitis in an Aphakic Eye With Secondary Glaucoma: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Intensive topical and systemic therapy with voriconazole, natamycin, vancomycin, and ceftazidime was initiated. Even with appropriate antifungal therapy, structural damage and vision loss may be irreversible. Early microbiological diagnosis and honest discussion with the patient regarding the poor prognosis are critical."

Journal • Glaucoma • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Evaluating Photochemical Interactions Between Rose Bengal Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy and Topical Antifungals in Fungal Keratitis Isolates. (PubMed, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci) - "The increased fungal inhibition and maintained stability of voriconazole when combined with RB-PDAT highlight its potential compatibility with RB-PDAT. In contrast, the reduced inhibition and degradation of natamycin and amphotericin B with RB-PDAT suggests that drug stability may be a factor to consider when integrating RB-PDAT into fungal keratitis management."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Dietary Exposure and Chronic Health Risks of Beverage Preservatives: A Multimatrix HPLC Assessment in Erbil, Kurdistan-Iraq. (PubMed, J Appl Toxicol) - "Sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, citric acid, ascorbic acid, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and natamycin were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)...While acute risk appears low, long-term intake among children may be of concern. These findings reveal gaps in regulatory enforcement and emphasize the need for routine monitoring and strengthened food safety oversight in Iraq and similar low- and middle-income regions."

Journal

Drug Repurposing Identifies Natamycin and Avacopan as Urease-Targeted Therapeutic Candidates Against Helicobacter pylori. (PubMed, Helicobacter) - "Among the top candidates, Natamycin, Zavegepant, Midostaurin, Avacopan, and Metolazone displayed significant binding affinities towards urease. Therefore, further studies are warranted to fully explore the specific mechanisms and selectivity of their individual inhibitory activities. These findings highlight Avacopan and Natamycin as promising urease-targeted drug repurposing candidates for future therapeutic development against H. pylori."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Caspofungin-loaded dissolving microneedles for transcorneal delivery in fungal keratitis. (PubMed, Exp Eye Res) - "Conventional treatments, such as natamycin and voriconazole eye drops, face challenges like poor bioavailability, fungal resistance, and epithelial toxicity. Antifungal activity of the caspofungin in the MNs was confirmed against Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, and Aspergillus fumigatus using agar diffusion assays and comparing the zones of inhibition with standard caspofungin solutions. These findings suggest that caspofungin-loaded dissolving MNs represent a promising, minimally invasive approach for overcoming the challenges of ocular drug delivery in fungal keratitis."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

The management of vulvovaginal candidiasis: the results of survey in Lviv, Ukraine. (PubMed, Ceska Slov Farm) - "The management of VVC was associated with inappropriate interventions, such as the treatment of an asymptomatic sexual partner (22.8 %), vaginal douching (11.0 %), taking oral antifungals with only local effectiveness for gastrointestinal fungal infections (natamycin and nystatin, 15.2 % vs 14.8 % respectively), using of vaginal drugs with none antifungal activity (5.1 %), and incorrect duration of the treatment (29.1 %). Educational programs are required to improve the management of VVC. Pharmacists may significantly contribute to raising patients' awareness and improving the management of VVC, especially in rural areas."

Journal • Candidiasis • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Vaginitis

Impact of biofilm formation in fungal corneal ulcers on treatment outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, J Med Microbiol) - "Meta-analysis showed significantly increased MIC values for biofilm-forming fungal isolates: amphotericin B [pooled log₂ fold change=5.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.92-7.70], voriconazole (6.06; 95% CI: 2.25-9.87) and natamycin (1.25; 95% CI: 0.48-2.02). Elevated MIC, delayed healing and increased rates of complications emphasize the need for targeted biofilm-disrupting therapies and standardized diagnostic protocols. Future research should focus on developing clinical strategies that integrate biofilm assessment to improve patient outcomes."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

An Interesting Case of Ocular Nocardiosis Mistaken as a Fungal Corneal Ulcer. (PubMed, Cureus) - "She had been treated empirically for presumed fungal keratitis with topical natamycin and clotrimazole, along with oral ketoconazole for one month, yet her symptoms progressed...Antifungal therapy was discontinued, and treatment with topical moxifloxacin and amikacin 2% hourly, bedtime tobramycin ointment, and oral moxifloxacin was initiated...The residual blur was due to astigmatism from corneal irregularity. This report highlights how nocardial keratitis may imitate a fungal corneal ulcer clinically, and stresses that early laboratory confirmation enables targeted antibiotic therapy, preventing irreversible visual loss."

Journal • Astigmatism • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Ex Vivo Goat Corneal Model for Investigating Host Immune Responses and Antifungal Drug Testing in Fusarium Keratitis. (PubMed, APMIS) - "Among the drugs tested, posaconazole showed complete inhibition of Fusarium, while natamycin and amphotericin B showed the least inhibition and moderate inhibition was shown by voriconazole. The ex vivo model offers a valuable framework for evaluating pre-clinical efficacy of different treatment protocols for fungal keratitis on local tissue."

IO biomarker • Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • IFNG • IL10 • IL4 • IL6 • ITGAM • PTPRC

Efficacy of natamycin monotherapy versus combination therapy with voriconazole for fungal keratitis: a randomised clinical trial. (PubMed, Br J Ophthalmol) - P2/3 | "Adjunctive topical voriconazole did not significantly improve clinical outcomes compared with natamycin monotherapy. Natamycin 5% remains an effective first-line treatment, particularly in non-Aspergillus keratitis. Further studies are warranted to explore targeted roles for combination therapy."

Journal • Monotherapy • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Malassezia pachydermatis Acquires Resistance to Polyenes in the Laboratory Model. (PubMed, Pathogens) - "This study presents a model investigation into the development of tolerance to polyene antifungal drugs (nystatin and natamycin) in strains of Malassezia pachydermatis. Such an approach may support targeted therapy development and help identify strains predisposed to drug adaptation. These findings hold promise for assessing therapeutic risk in immunosuppressed patients and for building resistance datasets that can support artificial intelligence algorithms in predicting fungal resistance mechanisms."

Journal • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease

Clinical profile and outcomes of dematiaceous fungal keratitis - data from a secondary center in rural North India. (PubMed, J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect) - "Despite prolonged healing, DFK has a high resolution rate with appropriate medical therapy, minor procedures, and complete debridement. Poor prognostic factors include large and deep infiltrates, hypopyon, and prior steroid use."

Journal • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Fungal keratitis: Does antifungal Resistance Influence the outcome? (PubMed, Int Ophthalmol) - "Although the outcomes are multifactorial, antifungal resistance seems to influence the prognosis of fungal keratitis."

Journal • Retrospective data • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Fluorescent Probes Derived from the Polyene Class of Antifungal Drugs Reveal Distinct Localization Patterns and Resistance-Associated Vacuolar Sequestration in Candida Species. (PubMed, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl) - "Amphotericin B, nystatin, and natamycin are the only polyene antifungals in clinical use and remain last-resort therapies for severe fungal infections. These findings suggest that vacuolar sequestration contributes to polyene resistance and may represent an unrecognized aspect of the fungal stress response. More broadly, this work provides the first direct visual evidence that polyene structure dictates subcellular distribution patterns in fungal cells."

Journal • Infectious Disease

A review of technological advances in the management of bacterial, fungal, viral, and Acanthamoeba keratitis. (PubMed, Clin Exp Optom) - "For fungal keratitis, ocular natamycin, with oral ketoconazole or voriconazole treatments, offer improved outcomes for severe cases. Beyond antibiotics, photoactivated chromophores for keratitis-corneal collagen cross-linking and photodynamic therapy have been successfully used. Therapies for large ulcers or scarring include corneal gluing, tissue scaffolds such as amniotic membrane or conjunctival flaps, and tissue replacement through penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Development and Validation of a QuEChERS-Based LC-MS/MS Method for Natamycin in Imported Agricultural Commodities in Korea. (PubMed, Foods) - "Matrix effects were classified as "soft" for mandarin (|ME| < 20%) and "medium" for soybean, hulled rice, green pepper, and potato (20% ≤;ME| < 50%). The analytical method for natamycin was validated as suitable for regulatory safety monitoring under the Korean PLS."

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Abundant organic nitrogen enhances natamycin biosynthesis by increasing NAD(P) metabolic pathway activity in Streptomyces gilvosporeus F607. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "Supplementation of S. gilvosporeus F607 with 10 mg/L NMN and overexpression of a site-directed mutant enzyme (NadDsgRYKK, at positions of R17Y20K26R168) promoted natamycin biosynthesis by 43.1%, increasing production from 4.67 g/L to 6.68 g/L. These findings indicate that an abundance of organic nitrogen primarily enhances natamycin biosynthesis by elevating NAD(P) levels, providing valuable insights for medium optimization and strain engineering toward high-yield natamycin production."

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Towards elucidating the solar instability of the anti-fungal food preservative natamycin: insights from spectroscopy. (PubMed, Phys Chem Chem Phys) - "A photoproduct was isolated and characterised, and identified as being formed through a combination of isomerisation and epoxide ring-opening pathways. The insight garnered into the photodynamics of natamycin may facilitate design of next generation UV photostabilisers which protect natamycin against UV-induced degradation."

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Cost-effective natamycin production by Streptomyces lydicus JCK-6019 via solid-state fermentation and development of a bioproduct with fungicidal and plant growth-promoting activities. (PubMed, Pest Manag Sci) - "This study showed a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach for natamycin production from agro-industrial by-products, highlighting its SSF product potential as a stable biofungicide and plant growth promoter in sustainable agriculture."

HEOR • Journal