Natacyn (natamycin) / Harrow Health, Clinigen, Santen - LARVOL DELTA

Dematiaceous fungal keratitis: prevalence, spectrum, clinical features, outcome, and antifungal susceptibility from a tertiary care centre in North India. (PubMed, Med Mycol) - "Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was performed as per the CLSI (Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute) broth microdilution method (M38-A2) for a panel of 9 drugs including voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin-B, natamycin and terbinafine. as the predominant causative agent. In vitro susceptibility of voriconazole demonstrated better performance against DFK isolates."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Lipid Co-Loaded with PGRN and NATA Demonstrated Significantly Enhanced Antifungal and Anti-Inflammatory Activities in the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis. (PubMed, Int J Nanomedicine) - "To develop a lipid nanoplatform, designated as "PGRN-NATA-LN", for the co-encapsulation of Natamycin (NATA) and Progranulin (PGRN), and to evaluate its efficacy and safety in the treatment of fungal keratitis (FK)...Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated that PGRN-NATA-LN exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy in treating FK. The PGRN-NATA-LN approach represents a promising strategy to enhance drug bioavailability, demonstrating significant potential in the treatment of FK."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Chelidonic acid ameliorates Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis via antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. (PubMed, Front Immunol) - "Combined treatment with CA and natamycin further reduced clinical scores, fungal load, and inflammatory cell infiltration compared with monotherapy. CA exhibits both antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities in AF keratitis and represents a promising candidate for the treatment of fungal keratitis."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • IL10 • IL1B • IL6 • MPO • MYD88 • TNFA

New antifungal and less toxic zwitterionic derivatives of 26-membered polyene antibiotic - pimaricin containing N-benzyl and N-alkyl moieties and their molecular mechanism. (PubMed, J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem) - "In contrast, fluorobenzyl derivative 3 despite weak antifungal potency, revealed unexpected high anticancer activity in PC-3 and SKOV-3 cells, at improved selectivity (IC50 = 0.6 µM; SI ∼ 3-4) and lower toxicity, compared to PIM. The activity of N-derivatives of PIM towards fungi strains or cancer cells, depending on polar head structure, is discussed."

Journal • Oncology

Self-assembled natamycin-loaded kafirin nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and application in truss tomato preservation. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "Moreover, quality deterioration was alleviated, as indicated by lower weight loss, delayed firmness decline, and higher contents of total soluble solids, vitamin C, total phenolics and flavonoids. Overall, Nata-Kaf NPs demonstrated the potential for further development as an eco-friendly delivery system for postharvest preservation of truss tomato."

Journal

Establishment of epidemiological cutoff values against Purpureocillium lilacinum. (PubMed, J Clin Microbiol) - "AFST was performed by broth microdilution (CLSI M38 standard) for itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole, terbinafine, flucytosine, amphotericin B, natamycin, and manogepix. Caution is needed in interpreting itraconazole AFST results due to high interlaboratory variability. These antifungal in vitro susceptibility data suggest limited options to treat P. lilacinum infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology

Synergistic effect of novel CS/N-TiO₂/NT coating and low temperature in prolonging the storage life of Stropharia rugosoannulata. (PubMed, Food Chem ) - "A novel chitosan/nitrogen doped titanium dioxide/natamycin (CS/N TiO₂/NT) composite film was developedinhibiting Fusarium pseudoanthophilum and Talaromyces purpureogenus by 71.30% and 75.04%, with 132.20% higher tensile strength and 69.29% lower oxygen permeability...Cox proportional hazards analysis further confirmed that coated samples stored at 4 °C exhibited a 33.33%-38.46% extension in storage life relative to uncoated controls. These findings establish a temperature responsive preservation strategy and provide a mechanistic framework for extending the shelf life of perishable mushrooms."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Miconazole as a Repurposed Anticancer Candidate for Prostate Cancer. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "In the present study, we repurposed five FDA-approved antifungal agents, namely natamycin (NM), terbinafine hydrochloride (TH), ketoconazole (KZ), miconazole (MZ), and clotrimazole (CZ), as they can modulate conserved cellular processes, including sterol metabolism and mitochondrial function, which are increasingly recognized as critical determinants of cancer cell survival. These findings were validated by microscopy, flow cytometry, and protein expression analyses, demonstrating that MZ induces morphological changes and G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest via downregulation of cyclin D3, CDK2, CDK4, and PCNA and activates p53-associated signaling changes characterized by increased p21 and p27 expression. These findings identify MZ as a mechanistically active repurposed candidate for prostate cancer and support further exploration for oncology drug repurposing strategies."

Journal • Genito-urinary Cancer • Oncology • Prostate Cancer • Solid Tumor • CCND3 • CDK2 • CDK4 • CDKN1A • PCNA

Morphological Changes in Fungal Elements and Antifungal Drug Susceptibility in an Ex Vivo Model of Fungal Keratitis. (PubMed, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci) - "An ex vivo fungal keratitis model was developed using porcine corneas, which were inoculated with F. solani and assigned to four treatment groups: natamycin (NAT), voriconazole (VRCZ), luliconazole (LLCZ), or saline (uninfected control). The LLCZ-treated group not only suppressed fungal growth but also caused structural disruption of fungal cells after additional administration, suggesting a strong antifungal effect. We successfully established an ex vivo Fusarium keratitis model using porcine corneas, which enabled us to evaluate antifungal susceptibility by quantifying fungal growth and observing fungal morphological changes."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Trichosporon ocular infections: Genotyping, antifungal susceptibility, clinico-microbiological correlation, and literature review. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "Trichosporon ocular infections remain rare but can affect both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Poor outcomes were associated with MDR strains and pre-existing ocular conditions. Azoles demonstrated better therapeutic responses compared to other antifungal agents."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology

Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Candida Keratitis: A Retrospective Study from South India. (PubMed, Indian J Med Microbiol) - "The rising incidence of Candida keratitis in tropical regions presents a clinical challenge, primarily affecting immunosuppressed patients and those with ocular surgery, requiring prompt intervention to improve outcomes."

Journal • Retrospective data • Corneal Abrasion • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Antifungal activity and biochemical characteristics of natamycin against Fusarium graminearum. (PubMed, Pestic Biochem Physiol) - "Molecular dynamics simulation verified that natamycin inserts into the phospholipid bilayer and specifically binds ergosterol. Collectively, this study explores the potential membrane-targeting mode of action and provides an important scientific basis for the green control of FHB, as well as the development and target exploration of mycotoxin detoxifiers."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Temperature and osmotic pressure dual-stimuli-responsive ophthalmic gels embedded with HPCD-modified nanoparticles for prolonged-release delivery of natamycin. (PubMed, Drug Deliv Transl Res) - "Moreover, the in vitro antifungal experiments demonstrated that F2 and Tem-Osm gel exhibited more superior antifungal activity, lower MIC/EC50 values and larger inhibition zones than the NAT suspension. Overall, the study indicates that the novel combination of nanoparticle and multi-responsive ocular gel sustained-release delivery system holds promising potential as a therapeutic approach for fungal keratitis."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Pigmented Curvularia Keratitis Adjacent to a Bifid Pterygium: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient responded well to topical natamycin. This case underscores the importance of initiating early microbiological evaluation in suspected fungal keratitis, especially in steroid-exposed eyes."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Podospora bulbillosa keratitis: A Case Series with Molecular Confirmation from North-East India. (PubMed, Indian J Med Microbiol) - "Antifungal susceptibility testing showed lower MICs for voriconazole, amphotericin B, and anidulafungin than for natamycin. Treatment with topical and systemic antifungal and surgical interventions resulted in healing with improved vision in one patient only. A review of the available literature indicates that these are the first reported cases of P. bulbillosa keratitis from Northeast India."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Fungal keratitis caused by a dematiaceous Pleosporales member following ocular trauma with a wooden fragment: a case report. (PubMed, J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect) - "This case highlights the importance of repeated microbiological sampling and molecular identification in traumatic fungal keratitis when initial tests are negative. It also illustrates the need for cautious, individualized treatment when azole therapy is interrupted because of systemic toxicity. Because species-level identification and antifungal susceptibility testing were not achieved, the therapeutic implications of this single case should be interpreted conservatively."

Journal • Corneal Abrasion • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Janus barrier films of shellac/chitosan with natamycin for photoprotective on-demand antifungal release and starch metabolism regulation in kiwifruit preservation. (PubMed, Food Res Int) - "Moreover, it significantly suppressed starch degradation in fresh-cut kiwifruit at 4 °C, with the starch content being 19.61 mg/g DW higher than that of the PE group after 12 days. Overall, the Janus compsite film offers a promising, safe, and efficient packaging strategy for sustainable preservation of kiwifruit."

Journal

Fungal keratitis caused by Trichomonascus ciferrii in an immunocompetent adult. (PubMed, BMJ Case Rep) - "This case documented T. ciferrii, a rare fungal aetiology in post-traumatic keratitis in a tropical country, successfully treated with natamycin 5%. Despite the virulence of T. ciferrii, the infection was promptly treated, resulting in a good functional vision."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Microbiological Spectrum, risk factors, and antifungal susceptibility of fungal keratitis in the Indore region of Central India. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp. causing FK is a major concern in the Indore region. Triazoles exhibit superior in vitro antifungal activity against common FK pathogens, especially Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp."

Journal • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Emerging treatments in fungal keratitis. (PubMed, Saudi J Ophthalmol) - "Conventional antifungal therapies, including natamycin and voriconazole, are often inadequate in deep, severe, or refractory infections, underscoring the need for alternative strategies...Newer-generation azoles, echinocandins, and repurposed agents are discussed alongside advanced formulations such as liposomal amphotericin B, solubilized natamycin, nanoparticle-based delivery, and intrastromal drug administration...While many of these therapies show promising experimental and early clinical outcomes, robust randomized controlled trials and standardized treatment protocols remain limited. This review emphasizes the need for translational research, ocular-specific antifungal development, and integrated therapeutic approaches to improve visual outcomes and reduce the burden of fungal keratitis."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Antifungal Therapy for Fusarium Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. (PubMed, Cornea) - "Meta-analytic findings define a clear evidence-based therapeutic hierarchy in F. keratitis and establish topical natamycin 5% as the standard of care. Routine use of voriconazole is not supported in unselected patients. Further adequately powered, species-specific randomized trials are required to optimize treatment strategies in this vision-threatening condition."

Journal • Retrospective data • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of fungal keratitis/endophthalmitis caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "Antifungal susceptibility testing showed high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to amphotericin B, 5-flucytosine and fluconazole; and high minimum effective concentrations (MECs) to micafungin and caspofungin, but low MICs to triazoles (voriconazole, isavuconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole)...lilacinum is an emerging fungal pathogen that exhibits intrinsic resistance to polyene antifungal agents (amphotericin B, natamycin), while being susceptible to triazole drugs...For progressive lesions, therapeutic keratoplasty may be required. This pathogen can pose a severe threat to visual acuity, highlighting the necessity of timely intervention."

Journal • Retrospective data • Conjunctivitis • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

Fungal Keratitis Caused by Aureobasidium pullulans: A Case Report. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Fungal culture isolated Aureobasidium pullulans as the causative infectious organism. The patient was treated successfully with topical natamycin and systemic itraconazole."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Antiviral Activity of Polyene Macrolides Against Newcastle Disease Virus: Computational and Experimental Insights. (PubMed, Molecules) - "We employed a comprehensive approach combining computational modeling (molecular docking and dynamics simulation) and laboratory experiments to investigate the antiviral potential of natamycin, nystatin, and filipin complex against three NDV strains. While filipin complex exhibited the highest antiviral activity, its significant cytotoxicity limits therapeutic application, whereas natamycin demonstrated a favorable safety profile consistent with its GRAS status. These findings indicate that natamycin exhibits a favorable safety-to-efficacy profile in vitro, warranting further in vivo investigation to clarify its mechanism of action and establish practical application protocols for NDV control in poultry."

Journal • Hematological Disorders

Evaluation of Adhesion and Co-culture Efficacy Assays of Antifungals and Chlorhexidine Against Acanthamoeba and Candida Species Associated with Severe Infectious Keratitis. (PubMed, Curr Microbiol) - "and Candida albicans, as well as to analyze the antibiofilm efficacy of natamycin, voriconazole, and chlorhexidine against these microorganisms. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the adhesion behavior of Acanthamoeba spp.-both independently and in association with Candida species along with evaluating the antibiofilm efficacy of various treatments, could enhance the management of severe polymicrobial keratitis. This research also contributes to assessing the effectiveness of multipurpose solutions for cleaning and maintaining contact lenses and their cases."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation