amikacin/fosfomycin inhalation (AFIS) / Savara - LARVOL DELTA

In vitro activity of flomoxef, fosfomycin and amikacin versus a global panel of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales and prediction of their ability in pairwise combinations to work as carbapenem-sparing regimens. (PubMed, J Glob Antimicrob Resist) - "The results confirm the potential of these combinations as carbapenem-sparing treatments and provide additional evidence to support the evaluation of these combinations in the neonatal sepsis trial that is sponsored by GARDP (ISRCTN48721236)."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Uropathogenic profiles and antibiotic resistance in gynecological cases: a microbial surveillance study from Northeast India. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "Notably, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated high resistance to fluoroquinolones, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, and cephalosporins. In contrast, these isolates showed higher susceptibility to fosfomycin, amikacin, gentamicin, ertapenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam. The findings highlight region-specific antimicrobial resistance trends and underscore the need for targeted antibiotic stewardship policies, continuous surveillance, and routine integration of microbiological testing into Gynecological practice to optimize treatment outcomes and curb the spread of resistant pathogens."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Gynecology • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Phenotypic Resistance Profiles, Biofilm Formation, and In Vitro Carbapenem-Sparing Antimicrobial Activity in Enterobacterales Causing Acute Pyelonephritis. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "ESBL+ isolates were more often strong biofilm formers (33.3% vs. 12.5%; p = 0.014) and showed a 4- to 16-fold rightward MIC shift for cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ciprofloxacin. These predictive findings derive from a single-centre cohort with a small number of events and were only internally validated; they require validation in independent cohorts before any clinical application can be considered. The ESBL phenotype and strong biofilm formation were each independently associated with worse outcomes in pyelonephritis and may help identify candidate isolates for carbapenem-sparing strategies anchored on ceftazidime-avibactam, fosfomycin, and amikacin; given the observational, single-centre design, these associations should be regarded as hypothesis-generating."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Integrated phenotypic-genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens: implications for targeted therapy in a North Indian cohort. (PubMed, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol) - "High resistance to first-line agents, including fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, and co-trimoxazole, was observed, whereas therapeutic efficacy was largely restricted to last-resort agents such as amikacin, fosfomycin, and polymyxin B. Among Gram-positive isolates, linezolid and vancomycin were found to be effective. Significant genotype-phenotype concordance (p < 0.05) supports the reliability of integrated profiling. These findings highlight the pharmacological challenges posed by MDR uropathogens and underscore the need to incorporate molecular diagnostics into routine workflows to enable precision therapy and strengthen antimicrobial stewardship strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Hospital-acquired Infection among COVID-19 Patients Attending Intensive Care Unit: A Single-center Descriptive Study. (PubMed, Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov) - "This study identifies B. cepacia, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae as the top three organisms in culture, while the most effective antibiotics against multidrug-resistant organisms are Polymyxin B, Levofloxacin, and Ceftazidime."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Pneumonia

Epidemiological Profile of Uropathogenic Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae. (PubMed, Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis) - "High resistance rates were observed to third-generation cephalosporins (up to 96% for ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (93% for ciprofloxacin). In contrast, carbapenems, amikacin, and fosfomycin retained good activity, with resistance rates below 10%. This study highlights the increasing burden of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in UTIs and the alarming levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. These findings underscore the need for continuous surveillance, rational antibiotic use, and strengthened antimicrobial stewardship programs to limit the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria and preserve the effectiveness of available treatments."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Tracking multidrug-resistant bacteria: a one-year retrospective study at Moulay Ismail Military Hospital, Meknes, Morocco. (PubMed, Pan Afr Med J) - "Fortunately, most of these multidrug-resistant bacteria remain susceptible to amikacin and fosfomycin, exhibiting complete sensitivity to colistin. enhancing antibiotic prescribing practices and strictly implementing hygiene and preventative protocols would aid in reducing the development of multidrug-resistant organisms. An in-depth understanding of bacterial ecology and resistance profiles to various antibiotics would provide customized treatment for each medical setting."

Journal • Retrospective data • Critical care

Evaluation of In Vitro Effects of Fosfomycin in Combination With Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin Against Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The MDR E. coli isolates were more common in urine specimens. Most of them were ESBL producers. Around one-third of isolates were biofilm producers. The drug combinations were more effective than monotherapy with the three antimicrobials. We recommend prospective studies with larger sample sizes to confirm the clinical relevance of our findings."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease

High virulence and genetic heterogeneity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from lower respiratory tract infections in neutropenic patients. (PubMed, Rev Argent Microbiol) - "High to moderate resistance rates were observed for ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and fosfomycin. ERIC-PCR showed high genetic heterogeneity. These findings highlight the high genetic heterogeneity of P. aeruginosa isolates in these neutropenic patients, as well as their remarkable pathogenic power, raising significant concern."

Heterogeneity • Journal • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Transplantation

From Needle to Sachet: Fosfomycin Versus Amikacin for Cystoscopy Prophylaxis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Fosfomycin demonstrated efficacy comparable to amikacin for preventing post-cystoscopy UTI, with a more favorable safety profile. Oral fosfomycin represents a safe and effective alternative to aminoglycosides for prophylaxis before outpatient cystoscopic procedures, particularly in patients at risk for aminoglycoside-related toxicity."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Renal Disease

Case Report: Bacteriophage-antibiotic therapy for extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in critically ill patient with respiratory infection. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "A nebulized phage inhalation combined with intravenous administration of polymyxin B, amikacin, and fosfomycin successfully brought about measurable clinical improvements in 8 days. The clearance of XDR A. baumannii in sputum cultures, coupled with decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide, substantial absorption of bilateral pulmonary lesions, reduced density of residual infiltrates, and decreased pleural effusion in the patient, collectively confirmed therapeutic efficacy. Our case indicate that bacteriophage-antibiotic therapy is promising to prevent the emergence of resistant mutants and enhance antibacterial efficacy in patient with similar infections."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Pharmacokinetics and safety of fosfomycin and flomoxef administered as part of neonatal sepsis treatment (NeoSep1 Part 1). (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "Neonates with suspected sepsis, weighing more than 1,000 g, were sequentially enrolled into three antibiotic treatment cohorts: fosfomycin and amikacin (Cohort 1), flomoxef and amikacin (Cohort 2), and flomoxef and fosfomycin (Cohort 3), and followed for 28 days. Seven neonates (11.6%) died. In this predominately preterm population, fosfomycin and flomoxef were safe, with drug exposures similar to published studies supporting the proposed doses for the larger, randomized NeoSep1 trial.This study is registered with ISRCTN48721236."

Journal • PK/PD data • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

In vitro activity of sulbactam in combination with other antimicrobial agents against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "Sixty-two clinical isolates of XDR A. baumannii were tested for minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SUL, amikacin (AMI), ciprofloxacin, colistin (COL), fosfomycin (FOS), gentamicin, meropenem (MER), rifampicin (RIF), sitafloxacin (SIT), and tigecycline (TIG) using broth microdilution. Time-kill assays showed that the four-drug combination of SUL/fosfomycin/amikacin/meropenem had sustained bactericidal activity over 24 hours. While SUL-based combinations showed variable synergy, further studies are needed to determine their clinical potential."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease

Insights into the phylogenetic profile and virulence-associated genes of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in North of Iran. (PubMed, IJID Reg) - "Among MDR strains, the highest resistance rates were to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. In contrast, the highest susceptibility, aside from carbapenems, was to fosfomycin, amikacin, cefoxitin, and nitrofurantoin...The results of this study revealed that phylogenetic group B2 of UPEC isolates are associated with virulence-associated genes and antibiotic resistance more than other phylogenetic groups. The findings support the potential of these genes as targets for vaccine development and highlight the necessity for continued regional research to address antibiotic resistance and improve urinary tract infection management in order to select appropriate treatments."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Comprehensive analysis of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from outpatient urine cultures: Implications for empirical therapy. (PubMed, North Clin Istanb) - "Our study revealed that patients should be carefully evaluated in terms of the necessity of culture requests and patients should be informed about culture requests due to the high rate of non-growth and contamination in urine culture results. The high rates of antimicrobial resistance were detected, and the outpatient treatment options of UTI patients are narrowing which can increase hospital admission rates. Our study is important because it shows that nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin can be included in the outpatient and empirical treatment of UTI patients."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

Molecular characterization of carbapenem resistance mechanisms and phenotypic correlations in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Ningbo, China. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "The tested agents included: (1) basic antimicrobials (tigecycline, polymyxin B, ceftazidime-avibactam); and (2) combination therapy candidates (ertapenem, imipenem, levofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftriaxone, cefepime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, amikacin, aztreonam, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime)...The 150 strains of CRKP exhibit high resistance rates to various conventional drugs; The sensitivity rates to tigecycline, polymyxin B, and ceftazidime-avibactam were 98.7, 98.0, and 68%, respectively; Conversely, the sensitivity rates to fosfomycin, amikacin, and chloramphenicol were 72.0, 40.0, and 16.7%, respectively; The main proportions of carbapemen genes producing in CRKP are as follows: KPC-2 (61.3%), NDM-5 (14.7%), IMP-4 (8.0%), OXA-232 (6.0%), and OXA-181 (1.3%); The main proportions of β-lactamase resistance genes are as follows: CTX-M-1 (13.33%), CTX-M-3 (25.33%), CTX-M-9 (17.33%), CTX-M-14 (34.67%), SHV-1 (26.66%),..."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

UNCOMMON PATHOGEN, SEVERE OUTCOME: CASE REPORT OF LATE-ONSET MENINGITIS DUE TO SERRATIA MARCESCENS IN PRETERM NEONATE (ESPID 2025) - "Meropenem, Fosfomycin and Amikacin were started immediately, adapted to antibiogram. Learning Points/Discussion Serratia marcescens meningitis in newborns is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Despite advances in neonatal care and antibiotic therapy, it remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infected newborns, emphasizing the need for rigorous infection control measures in hospital settings."

Case report • Clinical • Prematurity • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock • CRP

Bergeyella zoohelcum: A first case report of its association with respiratory diseases in swine in China. (PubMed, Vet Res Commun) - "Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) revealed that the B. zoohelcum isolates exhibit multi-drug resistance (MDR) patterns, particularly the B. zoohelcum ZWSF strain, which showed resistance to several antibiotics including polymyxin B, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, fosfomycin, amikacin, and gentamicin. Therefore, further investigations are necessary to better understand the pathogenicity of B. zoohelcum in swine and to prevent its spread."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infections and urinary tract abnormalities in Vietnam National Children’s Hospital (IPNA 2025) - "Escherichia coli was resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics such as Ampicillin (97.1%), Cefotaxime (79.5%), Quinolone (56.4%), and Gentamycin (53.8%). The most common urinary tract abnormalities were vesicoureteral reflux accounting for 72.2%. The most common cause of UTI with urinary tract abnormalities was Escherichia coli , followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae . There were 78.9% of Escherichia coli and 62.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing ESBL enzymes."

Clinical • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Preserving the antimicrobial arsenal: exploring alternatives to carbapenems in ESBL battles within the southeast of Ireland. (PubMed, J Med Microbiol) - "Temocillin (TMC), mecillinam (MEC), cefiderocol (FDC), amikacin and fosfomycin (FOS) displayed excellent activity against all ESBL-PE isolates tested, with susceptibility rates of≥85%. Ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were the least efficacious agents, with susceptibility rates≤20%.Conclusions. TMC, MEC, FDC and FOS offer promising alternatives to carbapenems, demonstrating efficacy against ESBL-PE. The use of these agents not only broadens the therapeutic arsenal against ESBL-PE but also mitigates the potential for escalating carbapenem resistance, especially in regions where the incidence of carbapenem resistance is increasing."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Synergistic antibacterial activity of ceftazidime-avibactam in combination with colistin, gentamicin, amikacin, and fosfomycin against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The most synergistic effects were observed in the combination of CZA-COL (78.2%) and CZA-FOS (63.6%). Given the limited therapeutic options for treating severe CRKP infections, combining CZA with COL and FOS may enhance in-vitro activity against clinical CRKP isolates."

Combination therapy • Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia

Evaluation of urine cultures with growth in kidney transplant patients: A single-center experience (TTS 2024) - "When we look at the antibiotic resistance we observed against E. Coli, the most common pathogen, we observed antibiotic resistance; Ampicillin 88%, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole 82%, Ciprofloxacin 64%, Cefuroxime (oral) 44%, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid 41%, Ceftriaxone 40%, Cefepime 30%, Gentamicin 26%, Cefuroxime (IV) 19%, Piperacillin-Tazobactam 18%, Ampicillin-Sulbactam 17%, Nitrofurantoin 16%, Amikacin 15%, Fosfomycin 4%, Cefixime 3%, Ceftazidime 2%, Cefoxitin 1%, and Ertapenem 1% (Fig 1-(b)). Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection in kidney transplant recipients, occurring in 29-60% with a prevalence of 23-75%. We believe that it would be appropriate to consider the information provided in our study as a guideline when (1) empirical drug use is in question and (2) there is growth in urine cultures of organ transplant patients."

Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation • Urology

Evaluation of adhesin genes and risk factors associated with urinary tract infections by drug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in North of Iran. (PubMed, J Infect Dev Ctries) - "Our results revealed a significant rate of drug resistance among UPEC isolates obtained from UTIs in our region. This underscores the importance of monitoring the empirical use of antibiotics and identifying specific risk factors in our geographical area to guide the selection of appropriate empirical treatment for UTIs."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Nephrology

DOSE CONFIRMATION OF FOSFOMYCIN AND FLOMOXEF FOR EMPIRIC TREATMENT OF NEONATAL SEPSIS (ESPID 2024) - "Methods A run-in confirmatory PK phase within the ongoing NeoSEP1-trial (ISRCTN48721236) sequentially enrolled neonates with suspected sepsis into 3 treatment cohorts (1) fosfomycin and amikacin; (2) flomoxef and amikacin; and (3) flomoxef and fosfomycin. Seven neonates (11%; 95%CI: 5.7–22.8) died by day 28. Table 1.Fosfomycin and flomoxef plasma concentrations Conclusions/Learning Points In this predominately preterm population, fosfomycin and flomoxef exposures shortly after birth were similar to published studies, although with substantial variability, supporting these doses for the larger randomised NeoSEP1-trial."

Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Effect of ceftazidime-avibactam combined with different antimicrobials against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. (PubMed, Microbiol Spectr) - "The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem (MEM), colistin (COL), eravacycline (ERA), amikacin (AK), fosfomycin (FOS), and aztreonam (ATM), both individually and in combination with CZA, were tested using the checkerboard method. Additionally, CZA exhibited a notable synergy effect when combined with FOS. These combination therapies present promising new options for the treatment of CRKP infection."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia