efavirenz / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Treatment attrition and mortality among women receiving antiretroviral therapy in West Java, Indonesia: a retrospective competing risks analysis. (PubMed, AIDS Care) - "Younger women (≤30 years) were substantially more likely to disengage from care, as were those receiving efavirenz-based regimens and those with poor adherence...These findings underscore the critical need for individualized care and intensive case management to address the high rates of attrition and mortality. Interventions must go beyond regimen optimization to include accelerated transition to better-tolerated ART, proactive tracking for younger women, and holistic support systems that ensure survival and retention."

Journal • Retrospective data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

HIV viral non-suppression and drug resistance among persons who inject drugs on dolutegravir antiretroviral therapy in Kenya. (PubMed, medRxiv) - "We enrolled Kenyan PWID who had transitioned from an efavirenz ( EFV ) based regimen to tenofovir+lamivudine+DTG ( TLD ) ≥6 months prior, and measured plasma HIV RNA viral load ( VL ) every 6 months for 2 years...Among 250 participants, 125 were receiving methadone, 199 (79.6) reported heroin use, 70% were male, and median age was 39 years...While NNRTI resistance was common, DTG resistance mutations were rare. Improving viral suppression among PWID living with HIV will reduce transmission risks and improve clinical outcomes."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Efavirenz for the Treatment of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=246 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing

New P3 trial

"TACKITON: The T Cell Activator of Cell Killing ("TACK") IT ON" STUDY (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=26 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University of Toronto | Trial completion date: Sep 2026 ➔ Nov 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 ➔ Nov 2027

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Efficacy and safety of bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) versus efavirenz, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV+3TC + TDF) in late-presenting people with HIV rapid initial antiretroviral therapy. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - No abstract available

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Prioritization of adverse events related to integrase inhibitors and NNRTIs: a disproportionality analysis using data from the FAERS database. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "This study provides a systematic framework for evaluating post-marketing AEs of INSTIs and NNRTIs using a semi-quantitative scoring system. Our findings identified five high-priority AEs that require clinical validation and further investigation."

Adverse events • Journal • Eosinophilia • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure

Evaluation of HIV-1 transmitted drug-resistance among subtypes circulating from 2022 to 2024 in Italy: a refined analysis through next-generation sequencing. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "A high proportion of HIV-1 non-B subtypes circulate in Italy. TDR prevalence is around 12% using NGS at Sanger-like threshold and moderately increases to 15% when NGS is set at 10%. However, the impact of the detected TDR on the susceptibility to currently used antiretrovirals in clinical practice is negligible."

Biomarker • Journal • Next-generation sequencing • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Impact of Efavirenz on Heme Protein Induction and Biomarkers: Insights From In Vitro Experiments and a Clinical Study. (PubMed, Clin Transl Sci) - "In transport studies, efavirenz did not alter OATP1B1-mediated uptake of CPI, whereas rosuvastatin reduced their intracellular accumulation. In vivo, plasma CPI levels were also unaffected by efavirenz. Our in vitro findings demonstrate that while efavirenz induces CYP expression, it does not impact ALAS1 expression or alter CPI levels, supported by our in vivo findings where efavirenz did not change plasma CPI, suggesting that CYP enzyme induction does not relevantly affect coproporphyrin levels."

Biomarker • Journal • Preclinical • CYP2B6

Determinants and outcomes of adverse drug reactions among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "On multivariate analysis, factors associated with development of neuropsychiatric disorders were female were female gender (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI (1.20-1.71): p  50 years AOR = 2.77; 95% CI: (1.36-5.63); p-value: 0.005] Use of Tenofovir [AOR = 1.65; 95% CI: (1.20-2.30); p-value: 0.002], and Zidovudine [AOR = 1.44; 95% CI: (1.13-1.85); p-value: 0.003] were associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Anaemia was associated with the use of Zidovudine [AOR = 32.56; 95% CI: (4.41 - 7.05); p-value: <0.001], but was inversely associated with cotrimoxazole use [AOR = 0.58; 95% CI: (0.42- 0.79); p-value: 0.001]. Some (22%) of the patients recovered from ADRs; 1.2% were fatal, while 71.5% outcomes were unknown. ADRs were common among ART patients in Nigeria., with female gender, older age and types of ART regimen being major determinants of ADRs Active surveillance is necessary to ensure early detection of ADRs among patients on ART and thereby prevent ART-associated..."

Adverse drug reaction • Journal • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Mental Retardation • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Pain • Psychiatry

Initiation of Dolutegravir vs Efavirenz on 12- and 24-Month Weight, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Incident Hypertension: A Target Trial Emulation. (PubMed, Ann Epidemiol) - "Dolutegravir was associated with greater increases in weight, systolic BP, and incident hypertension over 24-months, particularly in the first 12-months. Future research is needed to determine whether this reflects a direct effect of dolutegravir or the weight-suppressing effects of efavirenz."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hypertension

Drug Resistance in HIV Following First-line ART Failure: Insights from a Cross-sectional Study in India. (PubMed, J Assoc Physicians India) - "Ensuring adequate drug exposure history in patients can prevent poor outcomes in PLH being treated with ART due to resistance. Resistance profiling is especially relevant following first-line ART failure."

Journal • Observational data • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Efavirenz treatment improves retinal vaso-obliteration and pathological neovascularization in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "The current study demonstrates the developmental regulation of CYP46A1 and the dysregulated expression and levels of the downstream metabolite 24-Hydroxycholesterol (24HC) in OIR mice. The study further suggests that EFV treatment (in part via CYP46A1 activation) may improve key pathological features associated with pathological neovascularization in OIR mice."

Journal • Preclinical • Retinal Disorders • Retinopathy of Prematurity • CYP46A1

Changes in Metabolic Parameters After Switching From Efavirenz to Dolutegravir-Based Regimen: A Cohort Study in Thai People Living With HIV. (PubMed, J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care) - "Higher baseline HDL-C was protective against significant weight gain (OR 0.11 per 10 mg/dL, P = .030). EFV-to-DTG switching leads to weight gain, mixed metabolic effects, and notable eGFR decline, supporting regular monitoring."

Journal • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events With Dolutegravir Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: Emulated Target Trials Using Routine, De-Identified Data From South Africa. (PubMed, Clin Infect Dis) - "Among PLHIV in South Africa we found no increased MACE with TLD."

Adverse events • Journal • Cardiovascular • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

HIV drug resistance amongst children and adolescents with viraemia in Lesotho and Tanzania: a nested analysis in the GIVE MOVE trial. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - P=N/A | "Given that more than half had an ART regimen predicted to be fully active, most viraemia in children and adolescents could not be explained by resistance.Registration: The GIVE MOVE trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04233242."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Effect of pretreatment HIV drug resistance on mortality, attrition and viral suppression in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy and genetic transmission network: an observational cohort study in Southwest China. (PubMed, J Antimicrob Chemother) - "Our study reveals a moderate prevalence of PDR in Southwest China, significantly associated with increased risk of attrition and virologic failure, particularly amongst patients with resistance to efavirenz/nevirapine. Our findings strongly advocate for routine PDR testing prior to ART initiation to guide optimal first-line treatment strategies."

Journal • Observational data • Gene Therapies • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Body Composition Changes in Children Living With HIV Initiated on Dolutegravir or Protease Inhibitors in the CHAPAS-4 Trial. (PubMed, Pediatr Infect Dis J) - "DTG and ATV/r were associated with greater gains in fat-free mass and muscle mass than LPV/r, while DRV/r, TAF and prior nevirapine exposure were associated with fat mass accrual. Fat gain may initially reflect return to health but sustained increases may have metabolic implications. These findings suggest the need to monitor fat compartments with long-term exposure."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Longitudinal analysis of viral suppression before, during, and after pregnancy among women on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: six-year real-world experience. (PubMed, HIV Res Clin Pract) - "ART regimens comprised 62.5% dolutegravir (DTG)-, 28.8% efavirenz (EFV)-, 4.5% nevirapine (NVP)-, and 4.2% protease inhibitor (PI)-based therapy. EFV- and NVP-based regimens achieved suppression rates comparable to DTG across maternal timelines, with the exception of PI-based regimens. Adherence and ART drugs influence outcomes more than regimen choice alone, with good adherence essential for optimal maternal outcomes."

Journal • Real-world evidence

Late-Onset Efavirenz-Induced Liver Toxicity in a 17-Year-Old, Filipino, Patient With HIV. (PubMed, ACG Case Rep J) - "Treatment involved corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and switching to dolutegravir, leading to resolution. This is the first documented case in the Philippines of delayed-onset efavirenz-induced liver injury, underscoring the importance of ongoing liver monitoring during antiretroviral therapy."

Journal • Hepatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure

Distinct biochemical phenotypes of HIV exposed infants driven by antiviral medication. (PubMed, medRxiv) - "The metabolomic differences between HEU participants and controls reflect perturbed pathways of steroids, tryptophan and bile acids, and they largely consisted of metabolites that were correlated with efavirenz concentrations within the HEU group. The results suggest a major contribution of the drug to the abnormal biochemical profile of HEU infants born to mothers treated with efavirenz."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease

Comparative Analysis of Effectiveness of Dolutegravir-Based Regimen (TLD) vs. Efavirenz-Based Regimen (TLE) to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The TLD regimen was associated with a trend towards lower MTCT of HIV compared to the TLE regimen. Thus, continued use of dolutegravir-based therapy is recommended to support national and global goals of eliminating new HIV infections among exposed infants."

Journal • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Triple drug co-delivery within nanosystems for synergistic anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and neuroregenerative therapeutic effects: a focus on pharmacological and nanotechnological aspects. (PubMed, Eur J Pharmacol) - "Triple drug co-encapsulation has been achieved for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin, analgesic and antipyretic drugs such as paracetamol, immunosuppressant drugs such as methotrexate, antiretroviral drugs such as efavirenz, lopinavir, ritonavir, and tenofovir, antibacterial drugs such as amoxicillin and clarithromycin, antiulcer drugs such as omeprazole and famotidine, ion channel antagonists such as lomerizine hydrochloride, oxidized adenosine triphosphate, and zonampanel monohydrate, photosensitive molecules such as indocyanine green, genetic material such as MMP-9 siRNA, enzymes such as catalase, and/or plant-derived bioactive compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, sinomenine, and thymoquinone. These molecules' triple co-encapsulation into nanometric formulations has led to controlled and sustained drug release, extended circulation time, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity, with an overall improvement in drug..."

Journal • Review • Dermatology • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psoriasis • Psoriatic Arthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • CAT • MMP9

Switch to Fixed Dose of Doravirine, Lamivudine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Versus Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate in Virologically Suppressed Adults on Efavirenz-Based Regimens: 48-Week Results of a Real-world, Prospective, Observational Cohort Study. (PubMed, Open Forum Infect Dis) - "The change in body weight from baseline to week 48 in the DOR group was 1.8 kg lower than that in the BIC group (95% CI, -2.474 to -1.114; P < .001). In previously virologically suppressed PWH on an EFV-based regimen, the switch to DOR/3TC/TDF maintained virological suppression noninferior to that of BIC/FTC/TAF, with favorable metabolic profiles."

Clinical • Journal • Observational data • Real-world evidence • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • CD4

Effectiveness and safety of ainuovirine plus lamivudine and tenofovir DF in virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1: the 48-week results of a multicenter, real-world study. (PubMed, Antimicrob Agents Chemother) - "Although efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens have been widely used, current guidelines recommend integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based therapy as first-line...Virologically suppressed adults on a tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/3TC+EFV regimen were either switched to TDF/3TC+ANV (ANV group) based on the physician's discretion or continued on TDF/3TC+EFV (EFV group)...Switching from EFV- to an ANV-based regimen effectively maintained VS and led to improved metabolic parameters, including less weight gain and a more favorable lipid profile. As an alternative switch strategy, the ANV-based regimen may be a more beneficial option for people living with HIV (PLWH) who are at high risk of weight-related or dyslipidemia-associated comorbidities."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Dyslipidemia • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • CD4 • CD8

Study on the Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy Centered on Enovirine on PD-1 Expression of CD8+ T Cells Induced by Cholesterol (ChiCTR) - P4 | N=150 | Completed | Sponsor: Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou; Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou

New P4 trial • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease