calcitonin/benzyl alcohol/phenyl ethyl alcohol/aqueous buffer / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Transient Osteoporosis of Bilateral Knee Joints in Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report - A Valuable Addition to the Medical Literature. (PubMed, J Orthop Case Rep) - "The patient was managed conservatively with transnasal salmon calcitonin (200 IU daily for 3 months), calcium and Vitamin D supplementation, analgesics, and protected weight bearing...Conservative management with symptomatic therapy and pharmacological support, including transnasal calcitonin, may provide effective pain relief and functional recovery. Early recognition is essential to prevent complications such as insufficiency fractures."

Journal • Immunology • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology

Response to Salmon Calcitonin in Osteoarthritic vs. Non-Osteoarthritic Human Trabecular Bone: An Ex-Vivo Pilot Study (ASBMR 2026) - No abstract available

Preclinical • Osteoarthritis

On-demand peptide therapeutics for multi-year space exploration: analysis of clinical and operational relevance and recombinant production feasibility. (PubMed, NPJ Microgravity) - "Several therapeutics, including angiotensin II, daptomycin, GLP-1 agonists, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and salmon calcitonin, also demonstrated potential (14/20). This study identifies peptide therapeutics as promising candidates for in-situ production and provides a structured framework to guide future astropharmacy development."

Journal • CSF2

Repurposing salmon calcitonin for glioblastoma treatment: Targeting Yes-associated Protein (YAP)/ Transcriptional co‑activator with PDZ‑binding motif (TAZ) via hippo pathway activation. (PubMed, Neurooncol Adv) - "We further delineate the structural aberrations responsible for the functional loss in patient-derived CTR mutants. Thus, we present compelling evidence supporting the therapeutic repurposing of calcitonin for GBM treatment."

Journal • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • LATS1

Impact of hydrophobic ion pair type and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems composition on the oral delivery of salmon calcitonin. (PubMed, J Control Release) - "In addition, in vitro trends correlated well with in vivo outcomes. Overall, HIP type and SNEDDS composition significantly influenced oral sCT delivery, highlighting the need to co-optimize these parameters to achieve effective oral peptide delivery."

Journal

Parathyroid adenoma causing hypercalcemic crisis masquerading as acute abdomen in a 7-year-old: a case report. (PubMed, BMC Pediatr) - "PA represents an uncommon yet manageable cause of hypercalcemic crisis in pediatric patients. Timely assessment of serum calcium and PTH levels in individuals presenting with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms-such as nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain-facilitates swift diagnosis, thereby reducing the need for unnecessary diagnostic procedures like extensive imaging or invasive tests.Surgical resection of the PA is the first-line treatment. Postoperatively, prevention of hungry bone syndrome and long-term follow-up are required."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Metabolic Disorders • Pain • Pediatrics • Psychiatry • Renal Disease

Therapeutic subtypes of knee osteoarthritis: differential treatment effects among predicted endotypes in past clinical trials. (PubMed, Arthritis Res Ther) - P2, P2a, P3 | "This exploratory study suggests the feasibility of predicting KOA endotypes using a minimal panel of tissue-turnover biomarkers. The observed treatment effects of anti-bone resorptive treatments and reduced outcome variability in the structural damage endotype may subtly indicate that aligning treatments with endotypes and drug modes of action can possibly enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Further investigation is needed to establish the true clinical utility of biomarker-based endotyping. Endotype-informed trial design and recruitment may represent a promising strategy to increase the likelihood of success in future KOA clinical trials."

Journal • Immunology • Inflammation • Musculoskeletal Pain • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology

Evaluation of the efficacy of salmon calcitonin nasal spray on bone healing following surgical removal of impacted third molar: a randomized controlled study. (PubMed, J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg) - "The postoperative serum calcitonin level was higher in Group I compared to Group II (P<0.05), and the bone density was greater in Group I when compared to Group II evaluated at the 3rd month postoperatively (P<0.05). The results of our study delineate that Group I patients had better efficacy in controlling pain and improved bone healing with calcitonin nasal spray when compared to Group II patients."

Journal • Anesthesia • Pain • BGLAP

Revisiting Intranasal Salmon Calcitonin: Historical Osteoporosis Evidence and a Potential Role in Acute Orthopaedic Pain Management. (PubMed, JBJS Rev) - "» IN-CAL is less effective than bisphosphonates and modern anabolic agents for increasing BMD and reducing fracture risk; accordingly, its use is best reserved for patients who cannot take first-line therapies due to contraindications, intolerance, or personal preference. » IN-CAL provides short-term pain relief for vertebral fractures in osteoporosis and offers a similarly time-limited analgesic benefit in acute orthopaedic settings, with pain reduction often within days and biochemical or skeletal effects evolving over subsequent weeks."

Journal • Review • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology

A thermosensitive hydrogel achieves sustained co-delivery of two therapeutic agents with distinct properties for preventing aseptic loosening. (PubMed, Biomater Sci) - "Herein, we develop an injectable hydrogel-based system co-encapsulating anti-inflammatory emodin (Emo) and anti-osteoporotic salmon calcitonin (sCT) to synergistically inhibit wear particle-induced aseptic loosening...In a mouse bone-implanted air pouch model, a single administration of the hydrogel formulation plus the sustained release of active Emo and sCT efficiently suppresses titanium particle-induced aseptic inflammation and osteolysis. Therefore, this local and long-acting co-delivery system holds great promise for preventing wear particle-induced aseptic loosening."

Journal • Inflammation • Orthopedics

Sex-specific responses on alcohol intake in rodents following sCT infusion in the middle part of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus. (PubMed, Neuropharmacology) - "In summary, sCT into mid-PVT suppressed alcohol-related behaviours in male rodents, potentially through CTR on glutamatergic projections to NAc."

Journal • Preclinical • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol)

The calcitonin receptor controls osteophyte formation, but not cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss in experimental osteoarthritis. (PubMed, Bone Joint Res) - "Salmon calcitonin (CT) has been shown to have antiresorptive and chondroprotective effects, and several clinical trials have reported beneficial effects of salmon CT treatment in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA)...In line with this, bone resorption, cartilage, and inflammatory markers were unaltered between WT and CTR-deficient mice, while bone formation parameters were increased only in WT ptOA knees on gene expression level four weeks after surgery. Although CTR is highly expressed in articular cartilage and SB and promotes osteophyte formation, endogenous CTR signalling does not affect cartilage degeneration and SB pathologies in murine ptOA."

Journal • Immunology • Inflammation • Osteoarthritis • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology • CALCR

Investigating predictors of pain events during trials of knee osteoarthritis: A post-hoc analysis of two phase III trials. (PubMed, Osteoarthr Cartil Open) - "A post-hoc analysis was conducted on data from two double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase-III trials assessing the efficacy and safety of salmon calcitonin in patients with painful and radiographic knee OA...A higher BMI was associated with lower odds of reporting PEs but for those who reported PEs, higher BMI was associated with more severe PEs. These results should be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations, however the findings indicate risk factors for pain events and suggest further research into these associations."

Journal • P3 data • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Depression • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Insomnia • Musculoskeletal Pain • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Psychiatry • Rheumatology • Sleep Disorder

Preliminary evaluation of the clinical efficacy of salmon calcitonin nasal spray in patients with rotator cuff tears after arthroscopic repair: a multi-center retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, Int J Surg) - "Use of SCNS significantly improved early postoperative shoulder function, reduced postoperative pain, and decreased re-tear rate after arthroscopic repair."

Journal • Retrospective data • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Pain • Rheumatology

Development of a Long-Acting and Stapled Dual Amylin and Calcitonin Receptor Agonist as Monotherapy and Combination with GLP-1R Agonists for the Treatment of Obesity. (PubMed, Bioconjug Chem) - "Here, we report the design of a long-acting and stapled DACRA via a streamlined on-resin Ugi macrocyclization strategy based on a salmon calcitonin template. Combination therapy of UDA-6 with semaglutide or tirzepatide yielded synergistic efficacies, achieving up to 41% vehicle-adjusted body-weight reduction and near-normalized liver lipid profiles. These findings establish UDA-6 as a potent and durable DACRA and highlight Ugi macrocyclization as a versatile platform for the long-acting peptide drug design."

Journal • Monotherapy • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Structurally and functionally optimized silk fibroin-alginate-based biomimetic scaffolds reinforced with nanobioceramics for bone tissue engineering applications. (PubMed, J Nanobiotechnology) - "Additionally, scaffolds loaded with synthetic peptide salmon calcitonin effectively controlled initial burst release and enabled sustained therapeutics delivery for up to two weeks...Furthermore, the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay showed the excellent angiogenic properties of the scaffold. These results suggest that the bioceramic-reinforced SF/Alg biomimetic scaffold has significant potential for use in BTE."

Journal • Hematological Disorders

Exploration of Cagrilintide's Mechanism of Action in the Kidneys (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Tubules were exposed to a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and then treated with vehicle, cagrilintide, or salmon calcitonin for 30min. Conclusion Our results point to a diabetes-specific mechanism by which cagrilintide elevates cAMP in cortical tubules, providing initial evidence of mode of action in diabetic kidney physiology compared with healthy controls. Ongoing phosphoproteomic analyses will offer deeper insights into the molecular pathways affected, potentially guiding the therapeutic application of cagrilintide in diabetic kidney disease."

Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Renal Disease

Nanostructural changes in bone quality in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease and treatment with calcitonin. (PubMed, Bone Rep) - "Synthetic salmon calcitonin is an FDA-approved treatment for bone fragility observed in diseases such as osteoporosis, and clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in fractures compared to untreated individuals...There were no changes from chronic kidney disease on the -Periodicity. Treatment increased the weight percent of collagen, with no effect on other bone quality parameters."

Journal • Preclinical • Chronic Kidney Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Nephrology • Orthopedics • Osteoporosis • Renal Disease • Rheumatology

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Complicated by Hypercalcemia (PubMed, Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi) - "NHL complicated by hypercalcemia has a poor prognosis, and hypercalcemia can be used as one of the indicators reflecting the tumor burden. Patients with NHL complicated by hypercalcemia should be given more clinical attention and treated actively."

Journal • Endocrine Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Lymphoma • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • Renal Disease

Amylin receptor subunit interactions are modulated by agonists and determine signaling. (PubMed, Sci Signal) - "A stronger interaction between the CTR and the RAMP3 transmembrane domains yielded a more stable AMY3R, and human and salmon calcitonin agonists promoted AMY3R dissociation. Similar changes in subunit association and dissociation were observed in live-cell membranes, and G protein coupling and cAMP signaling assays showed how these changes altered signaling. Our findings have implications for AMYR biology and drug development and reveal regulation of heteromeric GPCR signaling through subunit interaction dynamics."

Journal • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

A trilayer microneedle patch for transdermal delivery of the peptide salmon calcitonin for osteoporosis therapy. (PubMed, J Control Release) - "This work highlights the potential of lipid-based mixed micelles loaded MAP systems, especially for the delivery of sensitive peptide molecules such as sCT. The outcome of this research work paves the way for further exploration in this direction."

Journal • Osteoporosis • Rheumatology

Amylin Receptor 1 Mutagenesis Revealed a Potential Role of Calcitonin Serine 29 in Receptor Interaction. (PubMed, Biomedicines) - "Two well-known peptide ligands for amylin receptors were used for this study: a salmon calcitonin fragment and an antagonist amylin analog AC413 fragment with Y25P mutation... This study validates the critical residues of the amylin receptor 1 extracellular domain for the interaction with C-terminal fragments of peptide ligands. This study also suggests that modulating receptor-ligand interaction is feasible by the modification of receptor amino acids near an interacting peptide ligand."

Journal

Safety evaluation and optimization of high-efficiency expression of 5hsCT in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (PubMed, Biotechnol Lett) - "These findings confirm the oral safety of YS-5hsCT and providetechnical support for industrial calcitonin production. Safety evaluations demonstrated transgenic S. cerevisiae YS-5hsCT exhibits no toxicity or mutagenicity, with optimized cultivation conditions enhancing biomass yield for potential calcitonin production applications."

Journal • Hematological Disorders

Exploration of Cagrilintide's Mechanism of Action in the Kidney (ERA 2025) - "Tubules were exposed to a phosphodiesterase inhibitor (IBMX 0.5mM, 15 minutes) and then treated with vehicle, cagrilintide (1µM), or salmon calcitonin (1µM) for 30 minutes. Our results point to a diabetes-specific mechanism by which cagrilintide elevates cAMP in cortical tubules, providing initial evidence of mode of action in diabetic kidney physiology compared with healthy controls. Ongoing phosphoproteomic analyses will offer deeper insights into the molecular pathways affected, potentially guiding the therapeutic application of cagrilintide in diabetic kidney disease"

Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity

Characterisation of peptide agonists' binding affinity and kinetics at amylin receptors (ECO 2025) - "The binding parameters of Cy5–labelled salmon calcitonin (Cy5– sCT) were established in a BRET–based saturation assay; subsequently, the displacement of Cy5–sCT by increasing concentrations of non– fluorescent ligands was used to calculate their affinities and on–/off–rates...Residues responsible for CTR vs. AMYR selectivity, or bias towards individual AMYR subtypes, were identified by analysing the binding profiles of pramlintide Ala scan peptides. The use of a NanoBiT split luciferase system in conjunction with a BRET–based binding assay enabled a comprehensive characterisation of peptides' binding to AMYRs, revealing differences in both selectivities and kinetic parameters. Further research should look at the intracellular signalling downstream of the ligand/receptor interaction, as well as examine whether the binding kinetics of an agonist and its physiological actions (e.g. appetite suppression or weight loss) are correlated."

Genetic Disorders • Obesity