lomustine / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

STELLAR: Phase III, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Eflornithine Plus Lomustine Versus Lomustine Alone in Patients With Recurrent Grade 3 Astrocytoma. (PubMed, J Clin Oncol) - P3 | "Clinically meaningful improvements were observed; eflornithine + lomustine doubled PFS and improved OS in patients with recurrent IDH-mutant, grade 3 astrocytoma, but not grade 4 tumors, after prior radiotherapy and TMZ, consistent with its cytostatic mechanism of action."

Journal • P3 data • Anaplastic Astrocytoma • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Prognostic impact of blood group O in MGMT-methylated glioblastoma patients receiving radiochemotherapy with temozolomide and lomustine. (PubMed, J Neurooncol) - "Blood group O remained associated with improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with MGMT-methylated, IDH-wildtype glioblastoma treated according to the CeTeG/NOA-09 regimen. These findings support an association between blood group O and improved survival outcomes and warrant further investigation of its biological and clinical relevance in glioblastoma."

Journal • Retrospective data • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • MGMT

Single-Center Experience with Vorasidenib in Patients with Grade 3 or 4 IDH-Mutant Gliomas (EANO 2026) - "Prior treatments included surgical resection (47, 84%), radiation (45, 80%), temozolomide (44, 78%), ivosidenib (13, 23%), bevacizumab (11, 20%), lomustine (10, 18%), lomustine + procarbazine (7, 13%), and pembrolizumab (4, 7%). In this heavily pre-treated cohort of patients with high-grade IDH mutant gliomas, vorasidenib was well-tolerated and associated with promising 6 and 12-month PFS rates. Optimal role of the agent in the treatment of high-grade gliomas requires prospective evaluation."

Clinical • Anaplastic Astrocytoma • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioma • High Grade Glioma • Oligodendroglioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Durable and deep partial response in FGFR3::TACC3 glioblastoma with FGFR inhibitor Erdafitinib and Tumor Treating Fields (EANO 2026) - "Clinically, TTFields have demonstrated a survival benefit in newly diagnosed GBM, as shown in the EF-14 randomized trial when added to maintenance temozolomide (TMZ)...Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at approximately 1, 4, 7, 10,13 and 16 months (ongoing) after treatment initiation. The 54-year-old patient received radiotherapy (60 Gy) with lomustine-TMZ (CeTeG) and continuous TTFields but progressed with callosal spread after three CeTeG cycles... The depth and duration of control were unexpected after early failure of CeTeG + TTFields in MGMT+ GBM and in light of the typically short progression-free intervals reported with FGFR inhibition in glioma. We hypothesize that FGFR inhibition lowered a driver-mediated stress/DDR buffer, creating a transient vulnerable state in which TTFields impose orthogonal mitotic/DDR pressure, potentially intersecting with TACC3-linked spindle vulnerability, thereby limiting clonal escape and enabling durable control...."

Clinical • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Glioneuronal Tumor • Oligodendroglioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • FGFR3 • TACC3

GBM AGILE Platform trial for newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM: Results of first experimental arm, regorafenib (EANO 2024) - P2/3 | "Control is temozolomide (ND) and lomustine (RD). GBM AGILE efficiently and compellingly addressed regorafenib’s role in GBM, in RD and NDU. These findings are germane as they fail to confirm the REGOMA results in RD. GBM AGILE continues to efficiently assess other therapies, including utilizing concurrent and previously accrued controls."

Glioblastoma • Oncology

AMPK Pathway Activation Markers in GBM: Expression Patterns and Clinical Associations in a Real-World Study. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "This study aimed to characterize pACC and phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK) expression in a real-world GBM cohort and to assess their prognostic and predictive value in patients receiving second-line regorafenib or fotemustine/lomustine. Although pACC-positive expression was enriched among patients experiencing longer overall survival under regorafenib, formal treatment-by-biomarker interaction was non-significant. These exploratory findings indicate that pACC is not an established predictive biomarker and warrant prospectively powered evaluation."

Biomarker • Journal • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • STK11

Exceptional response to sequential TRK inhibition in an epithelioid glioblastoma with NOS1AP-NTRK1 fusion (EANO 2026) - "First-line therapy consisted of standard radiochemotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide from April to October 2021...Lomustine + bevacizumab was ineffective (PFS: 2 months)... Sequential NTRK-targeted therapy can produce exceptional and durable responses in NTRK1 fusion-positive eGB. Larotrectinib was initiated after progression based on the presence of a NOS1AP-NTRK1 fusion, targeting constitutive TRKA activation and downstream MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling, resulting in rapid antitumor effects. Upon progression, repotrectinib, a CNS-penetrant second-generation TRK inhibitor, was selected to overcome potential resistance mutations and maintain pathway inhibition."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • BRAF • NTRK • NTRK1

Comparative Efficacy of Bevacizumab with either Irinotecan versus Lomustine in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastomas: a single center retrospective exploratory analysis (EANO 2026) - "In this real-world cohort, bevacizumab combined with either irinotecan or lomustine showed comparable efficacy in patients with first recurrence of glioblastoma, and outcomes are consistent with previously published cohorts. The numerical advantage of the B-Lom group might result from the higher proportion of second surgery. This cohort is currently enrolling patients from the French national federation of cancer centers and further analysis from NGS data and toxicity will be presented."

Retrospective data • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Comparative efficacy of therapeutic strategies for recurrent or refractory glioblastoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "Compared with lomustine, bevacizumab plus lomustine significantly improved PFS (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40-0.80), and remained significant after excluding small trials (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.97). Bevacizumab plus vorinostat had the highest numerical P-score for PFS, although its effect was not statistically significant...No treatment significantly improved ORR versus bevacizumab, whereas nivolumab was associated with lower odds of response (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.14-0.57). Excluding small trials had limited influence on PFS and OS findings but altered the ORR ranking by removing the highly ranked ERC1671-based regimen...No treatment showed a confirmed OS advantage, and the favorable numerical signal for rindopepimut plus bevacizumab should not be generalized beyond EGFRvIII-positive patients. P-score rankings should be considered exploratory and interpreted alongside effect estimates, confidence intervals, sample sizes, molecular eligibility, safety, and treatment burden...."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Determinants of clinical decision-making in first-line treatment of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and the impact of BRAF status on subsequent therapies: a 10-year single-center series (EANO 2026) - "Grade 3 PXA pts underwent multimodality treatment, with 90% (9/10) receiving either radiochemotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) (n=6) or radiotherapy followed by TMZ (n=3)...Second-line systemic chemotherapies included TMZ (n=4, mPFS 3.4 months) and fotemustine/lomustine with or without procarbazine (n=3, mPFS 4.5 m). Targeted therapies administered at first or second progression included dabrafenib/trametinib (n=2, DCR 50%, mPFS 25 m), vemurafenib (n=1, DCR 100%, mPFS 27 m), and regorafenib (n=1, DCR 0%, mPFS 1.1 m)... First-line treatment for PXA is primarily driven by grade, extent of resection, and patient-related factors. Despite the high prevalence of BRAF V600E mutations, targeted therapy was utilized in a minority of cases, likely due to the long analysis period and evolving therapeutic standards, including the approval of dabrafenib/trametinib in Italy in 2024 for high-grade gliomas. The clinical impact of BRAF inhibition and its potential..."

Clinical • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • High Grade Glioma • Oncology • Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma • BRAF

Combined intensive chemotherapy and proton beam therapy for high-risk medulloblastoma and embryonal tumors: a phase II clinical study (EANO 2026) - "Following MRI and CSF reassessment:Complete Responders (CR): Proceeded to CSPT with concomitant biweekly vinorelbine, followed by 12 months of maintenance (lomustine every 9 weeks; vinorelbine every 3 weeks).Partial Responders (PR), Stable Disease (SD), or Unfavorable Histology (LCA): Underwent consolidation with high-dose thiotepa and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) prior to CSPT and a 6-month maintenance phase.Progressive Disease (PD): Proceeded directly to CSPT followed by 18 months of maintenance At a median follow-up of 36 months (as of March 2026)...The most frequent toxicities were hematologic (febrile neutropenia, predominantly following etoposide and carboplatin-vinorelbine courses) and growth hormone deficiency (48%)... The integration of craniospinal proton irradiation with intensive chemotherapy—including the selective use of myeloablative consolidation is a feasible and highly effective strategy for high-risk medulloblastoma. These..."

Clinical • P2 data • Brain Cancer • Embryonal Tumor • Medulloblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Risk stratification in adult-onset medulloblastoma (EANO 2026) - "CSI was administered in 96%; 60% received concomitant chemotherapy (most commonly vincristine) and 54% adjuvant chemotherapy (most commonly lomustine/ cisplatin/ vincristine). In this adult-onset medulloblastoma real-world cohort, male sex, metastatic disease and VP shunt requirement marked high-risk trajectories, enabling early risk stratification, while timely initiation of radiochemotherapy was associated with improved outcome. Vincristine discontinuation due to likely on-target toxicity was associated with improved survival, supporting individualized, toxicity-adapted regimen delivery without risking a worse prognosis."

Clinical • Brain Cancer • Medulloblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Cell-based drug screening for personalized treatment of recurrent chordoma (EANO 2026) - "Cell cultures were challenged with increasing concentration of an anti-cancer compound library with promising activity on chordoma (linsitinib, dasatinib, sunitinib, sorafenib, imatinib, rapamycin, erlotinib, lapatinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, lomustine, talidomide, TMZ). Our pipeline for routinely culturing and testing drug sensitivity in chordoma holds a significant translational promise. An effort at treating recurrent chordoma patients after failure of all established treatments with the most effective in vitro drug is underway. Pathway analysis results will inform further research on chordoma."

Chordoma • Oncology

Impact of lomustine dose intensity on survival and safety in patients with high grade gliomas (EANO 2026) - "First-line therapy for HGG includes maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiation therapy and temozolomide. Initiating lomustine at a cycle 1 dose of 90 versus 110 mg/m2 demonstrated no survival difference in patients with HGG. These findings suggest that a lower starting lomustine dose appears reasonable and poses a lower risk of marrow suppression."

Clinical • Brain Cancer • Diffuse Glioma • Glioma • High Grade Glioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Evaluation of Regorafenib in Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma: GBM AGILE Phase II/III Bayesian Randomized Platform Trial. (PubMed, J Clin Oncol) - P2/3 | "GBM AGILE did not show superiority of regorafenib over control in RD (lomustine) or NDU (temozolomide + radiotherapy) glioblastoma, yet caused increased toxicities. Regorafenib has been removed from National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines as a treatment option for RD."

Journal • P2/3 data • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Efficacy and biomarker analysis of phase 2 (P2) and window-of-opportunity (WoO) cohorts of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) treated with ST101, an inhibitor of the transcription factor C/EBPβ. (ASCO 2024) - P1/2 | "Monotherapy ST101 in pts with rGBM has an excellent safety profile and results in comparable outcomes to current 2 nd line treatments. ST101 crosses the BBB, engages its target, and potentially induces treatment-related necrosis. These encouraging clinical activity, safety, and tissue findings, as well as preclinical data showing additive activity in combination with lomustine, support advancing ST101 to a randomized, placebo-controlled study comparing ST101 + lomustine vs."

Biomarker • Clinical • P2 data • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

LACE-Conditioned Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoma: A Safe and Effective Regimen (SOHO 2026) - "Lomustine, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (LACE) conditioning has been reported as an effective alternative to BEAM with a favorable mucositis profile. LACE-conditioned HDT-ASCT demonstrates favorable long-term survival outcomes across lymphoma subtypes, with low day 100 mortality (2.9%) and a favorable toxicity profile. Older age and extranodal disease were independent adverse prognostic factors. These findings support LACE as a safe and effective conditioning strategy in both relapsed/refractory and consolidative ASCT settings."

B Cell Lymphoma • Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma • Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • Hodgkin Lymphoma • Lymphoma • Mantle Cell Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma • T Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Complete response high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (WHO 2021) with BRAF V600E mutation with combined encorafenib and binimetinib treatment. (EANO 2026) - "Following adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (temozolomide) and recurrences treated with lomustine and Gamma Knife (LGK), the patient remained stable from 2014 to 2023. This case represents the first-ever reported complete radiological and clinical response of a recurrent BRAF V600E-mutant HGAP treated with encorafenib and binimetinib. Our findings provide a pivotal proof-of-concept for the efficacy of dual MAPK pathway inhibition in this rare WHO 2021 entity and highlight the transformative potential of precision oncology in primary CNS tumors."

Clinical • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Pilocytic Astrocytoma • Solid Tumor • ATRX • BRAF • MGMT • TMB

Phase III Randomized Trial of Radiotherapy with Dual vs. Single Alkylator Chemotherapy (Temozolomide +/- Lomustine) in Newly Diagnosed MGMT Promoter Methylated Glioblastoma: Interim Results of NRG-BN011 (SNO 2026) - No abstract available

Clinical • P3 data • P3 data: top line • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Solid Tumor • MGMT

PHASE 3 STELLAR STUDY SHOWS EFLORNITHINE IMPROVES OVERALL SURVIVAL (OS) AND PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL (PFS) IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT 2021 WHO ASTROCYTOMA, IDH-MUTANT GRADE 3 (SNO 2024) - "STELLAR was a phase III randomized, open-label trial of eflornithine (ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor) with lomustine versus lomustine alone, originally for patients with recurrent AA. However, as the WHO definition of AA evolved during trial conduct (e.g., excluding IDH wild-type disease), we determined results in both the original ITT population and by revised molecularly defined WHO 2021 diagnoses in pre-planned analyses .METHOD Key eligibility: age ≥ 18, AA (2016 WHO criteria), first recurrence ≥ 6 months after radiation and temozolomide, KPS ≥ 70, no imaging findings consistent with grade 4 glioblastoma...CONCLUSION There was no difference in OS between arms in the ITT analysis. However, medically meaningful and statistically significant OS and PFS benefits were observed with eflornithine in the pre-planned analysis of patients with molecularly defined 2021 WHO CNS grade 3 astrocytoma."

Clinical • Late-breaking abstract • P3 data • Anaplastic Astrocytoma • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • CNS Tumor • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Prognostic relevance of FET PET in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (EANO 2026) - "Patients received FET PET imaging before surgery or after biopsy prior to first-line treatment with radiotherapy alone (n=11), concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (n=86), or temozolomide plus lomustine (n=28). These data support the integration of the FET PET tumor volume as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma risk stratification. Further studies with larger datasets are needed to substantiate our findings."

Clinical • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • MGMT

Stereotactic reirradiation for forrecurrent glioblastoma (EANO 2026) - "Reirradiation alone was given to 42%, whereas 58% received stereotactic reirradiation followed by chemotherapy (temozolomide or lomustine). Stereotactic reirradiation represents a feasible and well-tolerated therapeutic option in patients with recurrent glioblastoma, with predominantly mild toxicity and limited risk of clinically significant neurological deterioration. Although treatment outcomes remain modest, smaller recurrence size (< 30 mm) appears to be associated with improved overall survival, highlighting the benefit of early intervention. Failure pattern analysis demonstrates that most recurrences occur outside or at the periphery of the irradiated volume, reflecting the highly infiltrative biological behavior of glioblastoma."

Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

A single-cell functional precision oncology atlas for standard-of-care clinical decision-making in glioblastoma (EANO 2026) - "Standard-of-care (SoC) - surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) - has remained unchanged for over two decades, and recurrence is nearly universal...Cells were treated with RT, TMZ, RT+TMZ, and Lomustine... This study demonstrates that integrating single-cell transcriptomics with functional drug screening enables high-resolution characterization of GBM treatment responses. Our framework captures tumor heterogeneity and identifies mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance, supporting improved patient stratification and personalized therapy."

Clinical • Anaplastic Astrocytoma • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ATF3 • IDH1 • MGMT

Global treatment landscape of primary IDH-mutant astrocytoma CNS-WHO grade 4 - Results from the international study group on IDH-mutant glioma (IM4) (EANO 2026) - "The addition of lomustine to radiochemotherapy with temozolomide was not superior (P=.933). IDH-mut astrocytoma CNS WHO grade 4 represents a distinct tumor entity with largely consistent treatment approaches across international centers. Maximal safe resection is a key determinant of outcome, even when gross total resection is not achievable, while intensified alkylating chemotherapy does not seem to improve survival. These results provide a guideline for clinical decision making."

Clinical • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Diffuse Glioma • Glioblastoma • Glioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor • ATRX • CDKN2A • CDKN2B • MGMT

Longitudinal tumor ecosystem mapping defines glioblastoma treatment trajectories (EANO 2026) - "How such interactions evolve upon first-line standard-of-care (SOC) therapy (radiation and temozolomide) and define clinical response remains unclear. Mapping evolutionary patterns within the tumor-microenvironment GBM ecosystem upon SOC treatment highlights a novel framework for prognostic stratification and therapeutic guidance."

Anaplastic Astrocytoma • Astrocytoma • Brain Cancer • Glioblastoma • Oncology • Solid Tumor