Clotinab (abciximab) / ISU Abxis - LARVOL DELTA

Coronary artery ectasia presenting as acute coronary syndrome and misinterpreted as coronary artery perforation: Case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Stagnant flow in dilated vessels can cause local dye deposition, which may resemble procedure-induced perforation or dissection, necessitating heightened caution during PCI. Intravascular ultrasound is valuable for accurate assessment of lesions in CAE. Thrombectomy and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors would be considered to manage high thrombus burden. Due to its diverse clinical presentations, CAE requires an individualized strategy, and can also be treated with simple PCI followed by dual antiplatelet therapy."

Journal • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Gastroenterology • Pain • Thrombosis

Red blood cell aggregation within a blood clot causes platelet-independent clot shrinkage. (PubMed, Blood Adv) - "This process was insensitive to blebbistatin, latrunculin A, and abciximab...Blood clot shrinkage can be caused by RBCs alone and this effect is due to the RBC aggregation driven mainly by osmotic depletion. The RBC-induced clot shrinkage may reinforce platelet-driven blood clot contraction and promote clot compaction when there are few and/or dysfunctional platelets."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombosis

Assessment of the prognostic performance of TIMI, PAMI, CADILLAC and GRACE scores for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing emergent percutaneous revascularisation: a prospective observational study. (PubMed, BMJ Open) - "A significant proportion of patients experienced short-term MACE after primary PCI. While none of the assessed scores demonstrated significant predictive power, the GRACE score exhibited comparatively better predictive ability than the TIMI, PAMI and CADILLAC scores."

Adverse events • Journal • Observational data • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Coronary Artery Disease • Heart Failure • Hematological Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Thrombosis

Red Blood Cell Aggregation within a Blood Clot Causes Clot Shrinkage (ASH 2024) - "This process was insensitive to the inhibitors of platelet contractility, such as blebbistatin, latrunculin A, and abciximab...This study provides compelling evidence that RBCs play a role in blood clot shrinkage unrelated to platelets, suggesting that aggregating RBCs contribute actively to the blood clot contraction. Physiologically, the RBC-induced clot shrinkage may reinforce the platelet-driven blood clot contraction and/or promote clot compaction when there are few or dysfunctional platelets."

Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombosis

Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in the Management of Thrombotic Peripheral Artery Occlusions-Acute and Mid-Term Clinical Outcomes. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age, abciximab and alprostadil usage, and lysis duration as predictors for SAEs and the use of abciximab as a predictor of reperfusion edema/compartment syndrome... CDT is an effective endovascular method for the treatment of thrombotic peripheral artery occlusions but is associated with a high complication rate. For SAEs in general and bleeding specifically, increasing age, alprostadil use, and lysis duration were independent risk factors."

Clinical data • Journal • Cardiovascular • Peripheral Arterial Disease

TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK, SEIZURE, AND DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS COMPLICATING INADVERTENT INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT THROMBIN (CHEST 2024) - "Her urine culture revealed Citrobacter freundii susceptible to Cefepime...Her symptoms abated completely alongwith normalization of D-Dimer over the next three days and she was transitioned to oral Apixaban uneventfully. She was discharged on an intramuscular ertapenem regimen for two weeks... Topical thrombin is an effective hemostatic agent at bedside, but should be used cautiously."

Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Pulmonary Embolism • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis • Venous Thromboembolism

Freeze-Dried Platelets Decrease Bleeding in Refractory Thrombocytopenic Patients with Hematological Malignancies (AABB 2024) - P2 | "FPH ability to generate thrombin was not affected by abciximab... 24 hours post-administration, approximately 60% of all FPH-treated patients achieved treatment success, while no patient achieved success in the control group. FPH contributed to decreased bleeding in patients with hematologic malignancies and platelet refractoriness."

Clinical • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombosis

Role of Intracoronary Adrenaline in the Treatment of No-Reflow Phenomenon in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The medication groups used are purine nucleoside (adenosine), calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nicardipine), beta 2 receptor agonists (adrenaline, nitroprusside), fibrinolytic agents (streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activators), glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (abciximab, tirofiban). We present a case of a woman hospitalized in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) conditions. Generally, we initially use IC nitrate or IC adenosine to resolve the phenomenon, and when the no-reflow persists we use IC adrenaline because of its side effects mentioned above. Anyway, we believe that in specific cases of hypotension and bradycardia, the use of adrenaline as the first line of therapy should be considered."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Hypotension • Myocardial Infarction • Pain

Retention of critical hemostatic functions of amotosalen-UVA Pathogen-Reduced Cryoprecipitated Fibrinogen Complex under variable shear flow rates (ISTH 2024) - "We observed no differences in the kinetics of platelet adhesion to immobilized CRYO-AHF, IFC and LIFC, under low shear flow (300 s-1). In contrast, a lower number of platelets adhered onto immobilized CFC at low shear due to absence of functional vWF. The central importance of IIb3/fibrinogen and GPIb-IX-V/vWF bonds in platelet interactions with CRYO-AHF, IFC, LIFC was confirmed by inhibition with abciximab and caplacizumab, respectively."

Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease

Direct relation between hypercoagulability and high fibrinogen levels measured by thrombelastography in patients with high-risk coronary artery disease and COVID-19 (ISTH 2024) - " Thrombin PF-CS in the presence of kaolin, tissue factor induced CS in the presence of platelet glycoprotein inhibitor (abciximab) (indicator of fibrinogen-CS) and functional fibrinogen levels were measured in healthy subjects in high risk hospitalized patients with CAD and with COVID-19... The study cohort included 310 subjects (healthy subjects=157, COVID-19 pts=116 and CAD pts=37) with 54% male and 47% African Americans. Average age was 51+/-18 years, thrombin PF-CS=64+/- 6mm, fibrinogen CS=30+/-13 mm and functional fibrinogen levels 536+/-228 mg/dL. Compared to healthy volunteers, prevalence of hypercoagulability was higher among patients with CAD (≤11% vs."

Clinical • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Thrombosis

The Relationship of Coronary Thrombus Burden and Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Score in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. (PubMed, Clin Appl Thromb Hemost) - "In this study, we found that thrombus burden may be associated with ATRIA risk score in patients presenting with STEMI."

Journal • Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Myocardial Infarction • Thrombosis

Qualitative classification of thrombus images as a way to improve quantitative analysis of thrombus formation in flow chamber assays. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Classification of thrombi enabled by machine learning increases the relevance of quantitative information and allows better evaluation of the results of in vitro thrombosis assays."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Thrombosis

A novel technique to quantify the kinetics of blood clot contraction based on the expulsion of fluorescently labeled albumin into serum. (PubMed, J Thromb Haemost) - "The resulting clot contraction dynamics based on the expulsion of FITC-albumin can be quantified using a number of kinetic parameters as well as a phase kinetics analysis. The advantages and drawbacks of the new technique are discussed."

Journal • Thrombosis

Adverse Drug Effect Profiles of Gp2b/3a Inhibitors: A Comparative Review of the Last Two Decades. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Some of the GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors available in this category include abciximab, tirofiban, eptifibatide, roxifiban, and orbofiban. Our study highlights the crucial significance of keeping a watchful eye on and comprehending the potential drawbacks linked to these medications in cardiovascular treatment. The necessity of researching these medications and their side effects is also evident, as this will significantly enhance the quality of treatment provided."

Journal • Review • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Myocardial Infarction

Critical Analysis of Thrombocytopenia Associated With Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors and Potential Role of Zalunfiban, a Novel Small Molecule Glycoprotein Inhibitor, in Understanding the Mechanism(s). (PubMed, J Am Heart Assoc) - "Thrombocytopenia is a rare but serious complication of the intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa; integrin αIIbβ3) receptor inhibitors (GPIs), abciximab, eptifibatide, and tirofiban...It is unclear whether the antibody binding depends on the conformational change and whether the drug contributes directly to the epitope. Zalunfiban, a second-generation subcutaneous small molecule GPI, does not induce the conformational changes; therefore, data from studies of zalunfiban will provide information on the contribution of the conformational changes to the development of GPI-associated thrombocytopenia."

Journal • Review • Hematological Disorders • Thrombocytopenia

Mechanobiology of Megakaryocyte-Driven Contraction of Plasma Clots (ASH 2023) - "In addition, contraction of plasma clots by activated iMKs was abrogated by 10μg/ml abciximab, that prevented binding of fibrin(ogen) to integrin a IIbb 3 receptors... We have demonstrated a hitherto unknown ability of individual MKs to shrink fibrin clots and deciphered the cellular mechanisms of contractility of iPSC-derived MKs. The molecular mechanisms of MK-driven fibrin clot shrinkage were shown to be similar or identical to those of activated platelets, involving non-muscle myosin II activity, actin polymerization, and integrin αIIbβ3-fibrin interactions. Our findings provide a novel mechanistic insight into mechanobiology of MKs that may play a role in modulating the properties of hemostatic blood clots and thrombi."

Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Thrombosis

Keeping Coronary Stents Patent In Patients (ASA 2023) - "His past medical history was significant for coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction 10 years ago followed by a coronary artery bypass surgery, ESRD on dialysis three times a week via an arterio-venous fistula, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea and a history of deep vein thrombosis (was on warfarin until 2 years ago).Medications: Novolog, glipizide, metoprolol, carvedilol, lisinopril, lasix, aspirin (ASA), nitroglycerin (NTG) patch.Dialyzed: 1 day agoECG- inferolateral ischemiaMeds taken: metoprolol, carvedilol, NTG patch.Recent stress test at outside hospital (copy requested)Cardiac catheterization...What is the implication of Dabigatran (Pradaxa) as compared to clopidogrel (Plavix) or ASA?10...(ASA, Clopidogrel (Plavix), Eptifibatide (Integrelin), Abciximab (Reopro)Intra operatively, the patient develops hypotension, ST elevation and T wave inversion on EKG.16. What are the therapeutic options available in this scenario?"

Clinical • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Coronary Artery Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Hematological Disorders • Hypotension • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Nephrology • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Disorder • Thrombosis • Transplantation • Venous Thromboembolism

Self-Reporting Theranostic: Nano Tool for Arterial Thrombosis. (PubMed, Bioengineering (Basel)) - "The theranostic nanotool is fabricated using biocompatible super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a core module tethered with the anti-platelet agent Abciximab (ReoPro) on its surface. Our in vitro feasibility results indicate that ReoPro-conjugated SPIONS (Tx@ReoPro) can effectively prevent thrombus growth by inhibiting fibrinogen receptors (GPIIbIIIa) on the platelet surface, and simultaneously, it can also be visible through non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for potential reporting of the real-time thrombus status."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Peripheral Arterial Disease • Thrombosis

The Market Dynamics of GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors in Germany: A Closer Look at Eptifibatide and Aggrastat (ISPOR-EU 2023) - "Abciximab, the still branded drug had 5,353 reported uses in 2015 and 48 in 2021 (-99.1%). Bivalirudin, which was in 2015 regarded as alternative to GPIIb/IIIa, shrunk from 3,126 uses in 2015 to 98 uses in 2021 (-96.9%)... The period from 2015 to 2021 witnessed a unique dynamic in Germany's GP IIa/IIIb inhibitor market. Despite a price collapse for two drugs the market shrunk and even those generic drugs lost. The still branded drugs were wiped off."

Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular

PICASSO: Proximal Internal Carotid Artery Acute Stroke Secondary to Tandem or Local Occlusion Thrombectomy Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - P3 | N=404 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Mercy Health Ohio | Initiation date: Nov 2022 ➔ Nov 2023

Trial initiation date • Cardiovascular • Ischemic stroke

Rapid in vitro assessment of the immunogenicity potential of engineered antibody therapeutics through detection of CD4 T cell interleukin-2 secretion. (PubMed, MAbs) - "Seven antibodies with known rates of immunogenicity (etanercept, emicizumab, abciximab, romosozumab, blosozumab, humanized anti-human A33 antibody, and bococizumab) induced responses in 1.9%, 3.8%, 6.4%, 10.0%, 29.2%, 43.8%, and 89.5% of donors, respectively. These data are comparable with ADA incidences in clinical settings. Our results show that this assay can contribute to the swift assessment and mechanistic understanding of the immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies."

Journal • Preclinical • CD4 • IL2

Contractility of Megakaryocytes and Platelets: Similarities and Distinctions (ISTH 2023) - "Either platelet- or iMKs-mediated clot contraction was suppressed by blebbistatin, an inhibitor of non-muscle myosin II, and latrunculin A, which disrupts actin microfilament organization. Abciximab, an antagonist of the platelet integrin αIIbβ3, also inhibits the clot shrinkage induced by thrombin-activated iMKs. Platelet-driven clot contraction involves formation of thin filopodia that attach to adjacent fibrin fibers and retract, pulling fibers toward the platelet body."

Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Thrombosis

Identification of new risk loci and pathways involved in GCA pathogenesis by a genome-wide study (EULAR 2023) - "These results also identified new physiological pathways and cell types potentially relevant to the development of the disease. These results allowed us to establish a prediction tool for identifying individuals at high-risk for developing GCA and also to propose further investigation of abciximab, a drug that could be potentially repurposed for treatment of GCA."

Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Developmental Disorders • Giant Cell Arteritis • Immunology • Ischemic stroke • Ophthalmology • Vasculitis • CCDC25 • RASGRF1 • VTN

Efficacy, Safety, and Role of Antiplatelet Drugs in the Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, abciximab, tirofiban, dipyridamole, cilostazol, and novel antiplatelets are included in the review...Using glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors such as abciximab, tirofiban, and eptifibatide is effective in managing ACS, especially in high-risk patients...The choice of antiplatelet drugs will depend on the patient's risk factors, including age, comorbidities, and bleeding risk. The novel antiplatelets may offer new therapeutic options for managing ACS, and further studies are needed to determine their role in managing this complex condition."

Journal • Review • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiovascular • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Ischemic stroke • Myocardial Infarction • Myocardial Ischemia

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in the treatment of thromboembolic events related to endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms-systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Neuroradiol J) - "Based on the obtained results, a higher mean rate of complete recanalization by eptifibatide was found in studies in which abciximab or tirofiban were used, compared to other mentioned agents. Moreover, the amount of hemorrhage was reported to be less after using tirofiban rather than abciximab."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Vascular Neurology