Zirgan (ganciclovir ophthalmic gel) / Bausch Health, Thea Laboratories - LARVOL DELTA

Syphilitic Neuroretinitis with Positive Cytomegalovirus Serology in an Immunocompetent Adolescent: A Case Report. (PubMed, Case Rep Ophthalmol) - "The patient was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and ganciclovir followed by oral valganciclovir. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive infectious evaluation in neuroretinitis, even in immunocompetent individuals. Early diagnosis and appropriate targeted antimicrobial therapy are essential to prevent permanent visual loss."

Journal • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Macular Edema • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Optic Neuritis • Pain • Retinal Disorders

When Immune System and Herpes Virus Infection Collide: A Case of Severe Stromal Herpetic Keratitis in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Under Methotrexate. (PubMed, Int Med Case Rep J) - "A recurrent episode of HSVK was diagnosed, and treatment with 3 times daily oral acyclovir, 4 times daily 0.15% ganciclovir ophthalmic gel, and 3 times daily 0.15% topical dexamethasone was started. This case underscores how systemic immunomodulatory treatment may play a clinically relevant role in patients with recurrent HSVK. In selected cases, a conservative, surgery‑sparing approach through the optimization of systemic therapy can help promoting viral load control and corneal healing."

Journal • Herpes Simplex • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology

CMV Ileitis Causing Small Bowel Perforation With Disseminated CMV Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) (ACG 2026) - "Empirical IV piperacillin-tazobactam and fluconazole were commenced...Ophthalmological assessment confirmed concurrent CMV retinitis, necessitating escalation to IV ganciclovir with intravitreal foscarnet twice weekly for three weeks. The patient was discharged on oral valganciclovir with weekly CMV DNA surveillance...A high index of suspicion and multidisciplinary management are paramount in immunocompromised patients presenting with gastrointestinal emergencies. Figure: Disseminated CMV Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency ( CVID )"

Crohn's disease • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hypotension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Primary Immunodeficiency • Renal Disease • Retinal Disorders

A prospective, randomized study comparing different therapeutic modalities for acute adenoviral conjunctivitis. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "The combination of PVP-I 1% and ganciclovir 0.15% with dexamethasone 0.1% significantly reduced the severity of signs and symptoms in adenoviral conjunctivitis. The addition of dexamethasone was safe and effective in decreasing the incidence of SEI's and pseudomembranes."

Journal • Conjunctivitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Pain

Bilateral Herpetic Keratitis following Cladribine Immunosuppression: A Case Report. (PubMed, Case Rep Ophthalmol) - "Visual acuity declined during flares but improved with oral valacyclovir and ganciclovir gel drops. The temporal relationship between lymphocyte depletion and symptom onset suggests impaired cell-mediated immunity as a contributing factor. Clinicians should consider atypical herpetic ocular disease in immunosuppressed patients and may need prolonged antiviral therapy and close monitoring to reduce recurrence and preserve vision."

Journal • Achromatopsia • CNS Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Keratitis • Leukopenia • Multiple Sclerosis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants: an update on diagnosis, management and outcomes. (PubMed, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed) - "Targeted CMV screening of all GA<32w/VLBW infants at birth helps distinguish pCMV from cCMV, which is essential for management.Antiviral treatment with ganciclovir or valganciclovir is considered in infants with severe or sustained end-organ disease. Therapy is informed by clinical response, blood viral load, emerging pharmacokinetic data and therapeutic drug monitoring to balance efficacy with haematological toxicity. Larger-scale collaborative research is needed to ascertain the burden of pCMV disease and support future randomised controlled trials evaluating prevention and treatment strategies."

Journal • Review • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Ophthalmology • Septic Shock • Thrombocytopenia

Off-label prescribing in ophthalmology: a retrospective analysis. (PubMed, Front Pharmacol) - "Results of the present study showed a raise of off-label prescriptions in 2015 and 2016 mainly due to mitomycin C use in trabeculectomy, representing 34.3% of the total off-label drug prescriptions in the reference period...The main contributors were anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs such as bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept, which represent 25.3%, 9.0% and 4.3% of off-label prescriptions, respectively. Additionally, 5-fluorouracil and dexamethasone were prescribed off-label, each representing 7.3% of the total off-label prescriptions, to mainly handle conjunctival carcinoma and various macular edema, respectively. Alteplase (6.9%), voriconazole (2.1%), verteporfin (1.3%), and foscarnet (0.9%), together with amphotericin B (0.4%), ganciclovir (0.4%), as well as rituximab (0.4%) were off-label prescribed to manage other specific ocular conditions. These results suggest that off-label practice is evolving in the field of ophthalmology...."

Journal • Retrospective data • Macular Edema • Oncology • Ophthalmology

BILATERAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS FOLLOWING BCMA-DIRECTED CAR-T CELL THERAPY IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA (EHA 2026) - "Results The patient had multiple high-risk factors: multiple lines of chemotherapy, tocilizumab, infliximab and high-dose corticosteroids (cumulative prednisolone 780 mg) for CAR-T-related adverse events, and type 2 diabetes...Initial intravenous ganciclovir was switched to foscarnet due to thrombocytopenia, combined with weekly bilateral intravitreal ganciclovir injections...Hematologists should raise awareness of this complication and advise patients to seek experienced ophthalmic care promptly for ocular symptoms. Prophylactic antiviral therapy is not recommended due to the low incidence of this complication."

CAR T-Cell Therapy • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Glaucoma • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Multiple Myeloma • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Thrombocytopenia • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Concurrent cytomegalovirus iridocyclitis and vitreoretinal lymphoma in the same eye during long-term infliximab therapy: a case report. (PubMed, J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect) - "The present case highlights both the risk of opportunistic ocular infections and lymphoproliferative disorders associated with prolonged immunosuppression and the diagnostic challenge when both conditions coexist in the same eye. Careful monitoring and close collaboration between ophthalmologists and internists are essential for the early diagnosis and appropriate management of such patients."

Journal • CNS Lymphoma • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Glaucoma • Hematological Malignancies • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Lymphoma • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Ulcerative Colitis • Uveitis • IGH • IL6R

A Great Mimicker in an Immunocompromised Host: Secondary Syphilis with Ocular Involvement in Advanced HIV (EADV-Sp 2026) - "Considering the markedly low CD4 count and the ocular findings, cytomegalovirus infection was also suspected, and the patient was treated with systemic ganciclovir as per standard recommendations...Antiretroviral therapy was subsequently initiated in the form of a tenofovir–lamivudine–dolutegravir (TLD) regimen, along with cotrimoxazole preventive therapy prophylaxis to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections...Screening for HIV and opportunistic infections is essential in such patients. Early diagnosis, appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing morbidity."

Metastases • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis • Uveitis • Vasculitis • CD4

A novel strategy for the management of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients using new anti-cytomegalovirus drugs (ARVO 2026) - "Weeklyintravitreal injections of high-dose (6mg) ganciclovir (IVG) were administered to those with macula involvement or aggressive lesions during the initial treatment...Both letermovir and maribavir demonstrated excellent tolerability with no adverse events observed. Conclusions This novel therapeutic strategy provides safe and efective treatment option for CMVR, particularly promising for patients with complex systemic comorbidities."

Clinical • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders

Clinical features of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis or corneal endotheliitis in the Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital (NMS-TN). (ARVO 2026) - "In all unilateral cases, a reduction in corneal endothelial cell density was observed in the affected eye.All eyes were treated with ganciclovir ophthalmic solution and topical corticosteroids, and 12 eyes (75.0%) additionally received oral valganciclovir...Early diagnosis and antiviral therapy limited recurrence to only 2 cases; however, secondary glaucoma developed in many eyes during follow-up, and half ultimately required trabeculectomy. These findings suggest that early diagnosis and strict intraocular pressure management are essential for improving visual outcomes in CMV-related anterior segment inflammation."

Clinical • Glaucoma • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Scleritis • Uveitis

Risk Factors for Anti-Glaucoma Surgery in Posner-Schlossman Syndrome Patients: an 8-Year Retrospective Study. (PubMed, Int J Med Sci) - "Patients in high-frequency group had a longer duration of attacks, more iris atrophy, and systemic administration of ganciclovir (p = 0.044, 0.044, 0.012, respectively). 18 cases (17%) received anti-glaucoma surgery while binary logistic regression showed that the risk factors for receiving anti-glaucoma surgery were elder age of onset (odds ratio (OR) = 1.080; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.012-1.153; p = 0.021), higher frequency of attacks (OR = 6.186; 95% CI: 1.276, 29.976; p = 0.024), and RNFL defect (OR = 4.804; 95% CI: 1.040, 22.184; p = 0.044). Risk factors for anti-glaucoma surgery in patients with PSS were elder age of onset, higher frequency of attacks and RNFL defect."

Journal • Retrospective data • Glaucoma • Ophthalmology

Recurrent CMV Retinitis in a Daratumumab-Treated Multiple Myeloma Patient With Systemic Antiviral Intolerance. (PubMed, Retin Cases Brief Rep) - "CMV retinitis is a rare but serious complication in patients undergoing daratumumab-based therapy. This case highlights the importance of ophthalmologic surveillance and flexible treatment strategies in immunocompromised patients unable to tolerate full-dose systemic antiviral agents."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Epilepsy • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Multiple Myeloma • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders

Antiviral Treatment for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Extremely Preterm Newborn: A Case Report and Literature Review. (PubMed, Viruses) - "Antiviral therapy for cCMV infection with ganciclovir and valgancyclovir in premature neonates is feasible and safe with careful monitoring, and appears to provide benefits. Nevertheless, well-designed studies that include pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, virologic monitoring, and long term outcomes of development, vision and hearing are urgently needed."

Journal • Review • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Leukopenia • Neutropenia • Ophthalmology • Otorhinolaryngology • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Small for Gestational Age • Thrombocytopenia

From infection to infarction: cytomegalovirus retinitis complicated by retinal ischemia and vitreous hemorrhage in the setting of JAK inhibition - a case report. (PubMed, BMC Ophthalmol) - "This case illustrates CMV retinitis in the setting of JAK inhibition complicated by delayed retinal ischemia and vitreous hemorrhage arising remote from the original retinitis. Although ischemic vasculopathy is a recognized complication of CMV retinitis among non-HIV immunosuppressed patients, such sequelae have been infrequently documented in JAK inhibitor-associated cases. Ophthalmologists should maintain a high index of suspicion for CMV retinitis in this emerging population and continue close surveillance for delayed ischemic complications even after apparent disease stabilization."

Journal • Achromatopsia • Cardiovascular • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Leukopenia • Macular Edema • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Uveitis

A NEONATE WITH RETINAL DETACHMENTS AND PERIVENTRICULAR CALCIFICATIONS: EXPANDING THE DIFFERENTIAL BEYOND CONGENITAL INFECTION (WRMC 2026) - "Empiric ganciclovir was initiated. Genetic disorders may mimic congenital infections, creating diagnostic challenges. A multidisciplinary approach was critical for this patient, and exome sequencing facilitated early diagnosis, management, and counseling."

Cardiovascular • Cerebral Hemorrhage • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Ophthalmology • Otorhinolaryngology • Retinal Disorders • Rubella • Small for Gestational Age

Antiviral drugs for treating alopecia areata (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=184 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Beijing Hospital; Beijing Hospital

New trial • Alopecia • Dermatology • Immunology

Development of ganciclovir/resveratrol coloaded bilosomes for improvement of ophthalmic delivery and therapeutic efficacy. (PubMed, J Liposome Res) - "Histological evaluation demonstrated that F4 surpassed F3, showing non-irritant properties and marked anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusively, these findings suggested that F4 coloaded with ganciclovir and resveratrol might be a promising strategy for the feasible treatment of ocular viral infection and its accompanying inflammatory symptoms."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders

Cytomegalovirus retinitis during upadacitinib monotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a case report. (PubMed, J Rheum Dis) - "Upadacitinib was initiated due to refractory disease despite anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy, and methotrexate was tapered out over 3 months...Treatment with intravitreal ganciclovir alone led to the resolution of symptoms without major complications. A literature review identified seven reported cases of CMVR in RA patients, mostly in those treated with biologics or JAKis, with advanced age emerging as a key risk factor. Given the increasing use of JAKis, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for CMVR in elderly RA patients taking JAKis when presenting with acute or subacute ocular symptoms."

Journal • Monotherapy • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Genetic Disorders • Herpes Zoster • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Varicella Zoster

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of twenty patients with cytomegalovirus-associated anterior uveitis treated with valganciclovir. (PubMed, Int Ophthalmol) - "Oral VGV therapy is an effective and safe treatment for CMV AU. Effective prevention against glaucoma involves early detection of CMV AU and prompt access to oral VGV treatment."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Glaucoma • Inflammation • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Uveitis

Genomic characterization of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae causing rare clinical manifestation. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "This study represents the first investigation of a primary pulmonary Vibrio cholerae infection reported in Europe following a near-drowning event. While Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio metschnikovii have been implicated in similar pneumonia cases, the precise virulence mechanisms of these species remain poorly understood. Although non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae infections associated with recreational water exposure are rare in Hungary (1-2 cases per year), this study underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance for the detection of potential outbreaks and to inform public health responses."

Journal • Cholera • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases

A Rare Case of Disseminated Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Late Transplant Recipient Using Belatacept (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "She received Basiliximab as induction immunosuppressive and maintenance with Belatacept, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone...Meropenem was initiated per urine culture with partial relief, prompting cystoscopy...Full dose Valganciclovir was started...Screening is usually limited to the first year post-transplant. This case highlights a severe late-onset CMV infection during a period of low incidence and clinical suspicion."

Clinical • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Fatigue • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Polycystic Kidney Disease • Retinal Disorders • Solid Organ Transplantation • Transplantation

Fusarium oxysporum Endogenous Endophthalmitis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. (PubMed, Ocul Immunol Inflamm) - "An intravitreal ganciclovir was injected initially, suspecting LE CMV retinitis. Despite multifaceted treatment, the LE progressed to total retinal detachment without any salvageable vision. This report illustrates the first case of Fusarium oxysporum-associated FEE in an HCT patient and highlights the diagnostic challenges, need for early aggressive treatment, and poor outcome in such cases."

Journal • Aplastic Anemia • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Genetic Disorders • Graft versus Host Disease • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Transplantation

Necrotizing Herpetic Retinopathy: A Case of Delayed Acute Retinal Necrosis Presentation in a Patient With Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus and Complications. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The patient was placed on standard ARN treatment with IV acyclovir three times a day, ophthalmic prednisolone drops two to four times a day, and a single dose of intravitreal ganciclovir injection. This case report discusses a patient presenting with classic symptoms of a unique retinal pathology, ARN, complicated by severe retinal detachment. The goal of this case report is to bring awareness of a rare disease to assist providers in making an efficient diagnosis to prevent vision loss."

Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Cytomegalovirus Infection • Diabetes • Diabetic Retinopathy • Hematological Disorders • Herpes Simplex • Herpes Zoster • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nicotine Addiction • Ophthalmology • Pain • Rare Diseases • Retinal Disorders • Tobacco Addiction • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Varicella Zoster