MitoQ (mitoquinone) / Antipodean - LARVOL DELTA

FABP3 and FABP4 promote lipid peroxidation injury during static cold storage of donor heart: Insights from multi-omics and therapeutic targeting. (PubMed, J Mol Cell Cardiol Plus) - "Lipid peroxidation antagonist MitoQ was examined by TEM...FABP3/4 promote lipid uptake and aggravate SCS damage. FABP3/4 should be further investigated as potential therapeutic targets for SCS injury during heart transplantation."

Journal • Metabolic Disorders • Transplantation • FABP3 • FABP4

Mitochondria-targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Inhibits Cellular Metabolism in Diffuse Midline Glioma (SNO 2025) - "Glycine, taurine and phosphocholine are generally elevated in aggressive cancer cells, a significant decrease in the levels of these metabolites suggests anti-cancer effect of MitoQ on DMG cells. In conclusion, MitoQ inhibits cellular energy metabolism in DMG cells and it may have potential in metabolic therapy for the treatment of DMG tumors."

Brain Cancer • Diffuse Midline Glioma • Glioma • Solid Tumor

MitoQ supplementation does not impact redox responses to acute exercise in skeletal muscle of older individuals. (PubMed, Redox Biol) - "Similarly, MitoQ had no effect on the phosphorylation of several redox-sensitive protein kinases (AMPK, p38 MAPK, and ERK1/2) or the upregulation of mitochondrial and antioxidant genes following exercise. Collectively, these findings indicate that MitoQ supplementation did not influence the basal myocellular redox state or redox responses to exercise in skeletal muscle of older individuals."

Journal • AMPK

MitoQ as a Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant in Sperm Cryopreservation: An Updated Review on Its Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Future Perspectives. (PubMed, Antioxidants (Basel)) - "Future directions involve exploring synergistic combinations with other cryoprotectants, advanced delivery systems such as nanoparticles and hydrogels, and detailed mechanistic studies on long-term effects. Overall, MitoQ represents a promising adjunct for improving sperm cryopreservation outcomes across clinical, agricultural, and conservation settings."

Journal • Review

PROMISE: Probing the Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Impaired Vascular Function Among Young Adults With Early Life Adversity (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=300 | Recruiting | Sponsor: University of Iowa

New trial • Cardiovascular

Developmental Toxicity of Carboxylated Microplastics in Zebrafish Mediated by Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammatory Activation. (PubMed, Environ Pollut) - "Notably, the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant MitoQ significantly mitigated these effects, confirming mitochondrial dysfunction as a central toxicity mechanism. Collectively, our results identify carboxylation-driven toxicity involving mitochondrial-inflammatory crosstalk and underscore the importance of incorporating surface-modified microplastics into ecological risk assessments."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • IL1B • PPARG • TNFA • UQCRC1

Mitochondria-targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Inhibits Cellular Metabolism in Diffuse Midline Glioma (WFNOS 2025) - "Glycine, taurine and phosphocholine are generally elevated in aggressive cancer cells, a significant decrease in the levels of these metabolites suggests anti-cancer effect of MitoQ on DMG cells. In conclusion, MitoQ inhibits cellular energy metabolism in DMG cells and it may have potential in metabolic therapy for the treatment of DMG tumors."

Brain Cancer • Diffuse Midline Glioma • Glioma • Oncology • Solid Tumor

MAVEN: MitoQ to Improve Vascular Funciton in Preeclampsia (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=80 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Medical College of Wisconsin

New trial • Gynecology

Role of Endothelial Dysfunction on Exercise Pressor Reflex in Type 2 Diabetes (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=40 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Medical College of Wisconsin

New trial • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Intracellular Iron Controls HSC Metabolism By Affecting Mitochondrial Fitness (ASH 2023) - "To demonstrate a direct effect of iron on mitochondrial fitness in HSCs, we treated wt mice with iron dextran...Remarkably, MitoQ rescued the quiescence and self-renewal ability of th3 HSCs, as shown by superior chimerism in secondary transplantation of HSCs from MitoQ-treated th3 donors in lethally irradiated recipients (th3 HSC+MitoQ 81.7±1.6 vs. untreated th3 HSC 34.9±14.6 vs. % of chimerism, p<0.05), thus indicating that IO-derived ROS impair HSC function by affecting mitochondrial fitness and bioenergetics...Since mitochondria are defective, IO HSCs are unable to produce appropriate levels of ATP through OXPHOS and rely on glycolysis, despite their active cycling activity. Finally, the rescue of mitochondrial activity can restore the functional defects of th3 HSCs."

Anemia • Beta-Thalassemia • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Sickle Cell Disease • GAPDH

Mitochondrial tRNA Pseudouridylation Regulates Erythropoiesis Via the mTOR Signaling Pathway: Implications for Mlasa and Treatment Strategies (ASH 2023) - "Screening of mitochondrial supplements, which could boost mitochondrial function or modulating protein synthesis, revealed that nicotinamide ribose (NR) and mitoquinone (MitoQ) improved mitochondrial function but failed to promote erythroid differentiation in MLASA-iPSCs. In MLASA disease states (right), PUS1 deficiency causes the loss of pseudouridine modifications of specific tRNAs and thus affects the amount of PUS1 targeted tRNAs and its corresponding mitochondrial protein products, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. The defects resulted in aberrant activation of the mTOR signaling pathway and accelerated global translation rate, ultimately leading to a blockage in erythroid differentiation, which could be relieved with rapamycin treatment."

Anemia • Hematological Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Myositis

Mitochondrial-targeted Antioxidant Supplementation for Improving Age-related Vascular Dysfunction in Humans (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=112 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: University of Colorado, Boulder | Recruiting ➔ Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 ➔ Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2025 ➔ Dec 2025

Enrollment closed • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date

Mitochondrial Potentiation Screen in Aged Hematopoietic Stem Cells Identified Known and Novel Rejuvenation Drugs (ASH 2024) - "Furthermore, we included 21 exploratory compounds with beneficial HSC modulating activity, including 2 natural analogues (Apigenin, Luteolin), 10 synthetic HSC activating compounds (Stemregenin 1, Mitoquinol, etc.), and 9 natural HSC boosting compounds (ATRA, Vitamin C, NMN, etc.)...Preliminary data from competitive bone marrow repopulation experiments reproduced the UroA effect of myeloid bias amelioration by increased lymphoid progeny and showed increased blood chimerism in HSCs treated with A3B5. Overall, we developed the first robust and reliable screening method to allow the identification of HSC rejuvenating molecules."

IO biomarker • Inflammation • CD38 • PROCR

A double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial examining the effect of MitoQ on myocardial energetics in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. (PubMed, Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging) - No abstract available

Journal • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders

Oxphos targeting of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. (PubMed, Front Oncol) - "The DPI and MitoQ combination further synergizes with vincristine, a chemotherapeutic agent used in NB treatment. Phosphoproteomics and proteomics analysis suggests that the drug combination induces MNA NB cell death by arresting the cell cycle and inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the mitochondria. Thus, interference with mitochondrial metabolism may represent an effective strategy to enhance the activity of chemotherapeutic drugs in MNA-NB."

Journal • Neuroblastoma • Oncology • Pediatrics • Solid Tumor • MYCN

MITOCHONDRIAL-TARGETED ANTIOXIDANT MITOQ MODULATES ENDOTHELIAL-STROMAL CROSSTALK TO ATTENUATE OXIDATIVE STRESS AND PROMOTE ANGIOGENESIS IN CRYOPRESERVED OVARIAN TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION (ASRM 2025) - No abstract available

Oxidative stress • Stroma • Transplantation

EFFECTS OF MITOQ ON TELOMERES IN MOUSE EMBRYONIC FIBROBLAST (MEF) OF SAMP8 MICE WITH REPRODUCTIVE SENESCENCE (ASRM 2025) - No abstract available

Preclinical

IGF-1 AND MITOQUINONE SUPPLEMENTATION ENHANCE METABOLIC SIGNALING, HORMONE PRODUCTION AND EXPRESSION OF CUMULUS-EXPANSION FACTORS IN GRANULOSA CELLS DERIVED FROM PCOS PATIENTS UNDERGOING OOCYTE IVM (ASRM 2025) - No abstract available

Clinical • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • IGF1

Heat stress-induced mitochondrial damage and its impact on leukocyte function. (PubMed, J Intensive Care) - "Therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving mitochondrial function include antioxidants (e.g., N-acetylcysteine and MitoQ), mitochondrial biogenesis inducers (e.g., PGC-1α activators), and mitophagy enhancers. Understanding the central role of leukocyte mitochondrial damage in heat stress provides a foundation for the development of targeted diagnostics and interventions to prevent organ failure and improve clinical outcomes."

Journal • Review • Acute Kidney Injury • Acute Lung Injury • Cardiovascular • Developmental Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hepatology • Inflammation • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

Mitochondrial-Targeted Therapies in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence (2000–2025) (AHA 2025) - "Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as MitoQ and Elamipretide (SS-31) consistently reduced infarct size and improved mitochondrial function in rodent models; SS-31 also showed hemodynamic benefit in canine heart failure but only modest improvement in human trials. mPTP inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine A) reduced infarcts in small animal studies but failed in large clinical trials... Mitochondrial therapies show high potential in modifying ICM pathophysiology. Further clinical trials, precision targeting, and combination strategies are needed to translate preclinical successes into durable patient outcomes."

Preclinical • Review • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Fibrosis • Gene Therapies • Heart Failure • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • BCL2 • SIRT3

Low dosage exposure of deoxynivalenol and copper synergistically enhanced the intestinal toxicity. (PubMed, Environ Int) - "Pretreatment with the mtROS-targeted scavenger MitoQ effectively assuaged DON + Cu exposure-caused mitochondrial injury and subsequently attenuated the apoptosis and ferroptosis. Overall, our research revealed the synergistic toxicity of DON + Cu exposure and confirmed the potential mechanism of DON + Cu exposure-induced intestinal toxicity, which will provide valuable insights into their potential combined toxic effects on humans and animals."

Journal

Mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species, and diabetes mellitus - A triangular relationship: A review. (PubMed, Biomol Biomed) - "Therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring mitochondrial function and mitigating OS include mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (such as MitoQ, CoQ10, SkQ1, SS-31, and Mito-TEMPO), metabolic drugs (including metformin and SGLT2 inhibitors), lifestyle modifications, and emerging gene-editing technologies. The interplay between mitochondria, ROS, and DM reflects a tightly regulated aspect of cellular physiology; while targeted and personalized strategies hold promise, they necessitate rigorous evaluation."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • GAPDH

MitoQ reducing sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction by modulating mitochondrial dysfunction. (PubMed, Metab Brain Dis) - "MitoQ attenuates apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy to achieve therapeutic prevention of sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged mice are confirmatory of the potential of mitoQ in preventing POCD in elderly patients."

Journal • Anesthesia • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Developmental Disorders • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • CASP1 • GSDMD • MFN1 • MFN2 • NLRP3

Chronic hypoxia or MitoQ treatment in pregnancy independently alter hepatic cytochrome P450 activity in fetal sheep and 9-month-old lambs. (PubMed, Biochem Pharmacol) - "Fetal hypoxaemia and maternal MitoQ treatment independently programmed hepatic CYP activity in fetal sheep and 9mo lambs. These effects may impact therapeutic efficacy and safety for treatment of chronic diseases in offspring from complicated pregnancies."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Geriatric Disorders • Hypertension • ATF6 • CYP1A2 • CYP2E1

Synergistic Protective Effects of Remote Ischemic Postconditioning and Enalapril on Endothelial Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. (PubMed, Blood Press) - "Male SHRs were divided into five groups: untreated SHR, RIPost-treated, Enalapril-treated, combination-treated (RIPost + Enalapril), and MitoQ-treated. RIPost combined with Enalapril synergistically attenuates hypertension-induced vascular injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress while preserving mitochondrial function. These findings support the combined therapeutic strategy as a promising approach for comprehensive management of hypertensive vascular complications."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Hypertension • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • IL1B • IL6 • MFN2 • TNFA