docosanol / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Homopolymerization and copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and l-lactide organocatalyzed by carboxylic acids with mono-, di-, and tri-functionality. (PubMed, RSC Adv) - "The use of a long-chain aliphatic alcohol such as 1-docosanol (C22OH) has been demonstrated to accelerate the polymerization rate...In contrast, the ROP of l-LA exhibited conversion that was independent of the number of carboxyl groups or pk a. Random copolymers of PCL-co-PLLA were successfully synthesized using citric acid as an organocatalyst and C22OH as an initiator. Increasing the l-LA content was observed to reduce the melting enthalpy without compromising semi-crystallinity, which is a behavior that is attributed to the docosyl terminal group."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol)

EDTA Eye Drops Compared to Abreva for Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=10 | Completed | Sponsor: University of Utah | Enrolling by invitation ➔ Completed | N=20 ➔ 10

Enrollment change • Trial completion • Herpes Simplex

Topical and Systemic Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Oral Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Topical treatments, including acyclovir cream, docosanol, and newer formulations, primarily reduce lesion duration and alleviate local symptoms when applied early...Novel delivery methods and combination strategies, such as acyclovir-hydrocortisone formulations or photodynamic therapy, may enhance local efficacy and symptom control. Systemic Therapies: Systemic antivirals, such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir, target both lesion resolution and recurrence prevention...Future research should focus on mechanism-based therapies, novel delivery systems, and standardized outcome measures to guide personalized treatment strategies. Emerging therapies targeting viral latency, immune modulation, and gene-editing technologies hold promise for long-term suppression and personalized management of HSV infections."

Journal • Review • Herpes Simplex • Immune Modulation • Immunology • Infectious Disease

Contact Freezing of Water Droplets by Crystalline Organic Acids. (PubMed, J Phys Chem A) - "We determined contact freezing temperatures induced by solid crystals of docosanol, adipic acid, cis-pinonic acid, fumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, palmitic acid, phthalic acid, sebacic acid, stearic acid, terephthalic acid, and vanillic acid...Physical and chemical properties were identified which correlate with greater effectiveness of INPs in the contact mode, including crystal lattice mismatch with ice, carbon number, and insolubility in water. We suggest that the presence of these organic solids in atmospheric aerosols may promote atmospheric ice nucleation at warm temperatures."

Journal

Nucleation and Supercooling Mitigation in Fatty Alcohol Phase Change Material Emulsions for Heat Transport and Storage. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "This study examines the impact of nucleating agents on reducing supercooling in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions of 1-docosanol, a fatty alcohol used as a phase change material (PCM)...Similar to alkanes, particle size influences the nucleation rate, surfactants affect the availability of heterogeneous nucleation sites, and nucleating agents can decrease the nucleation barrier. The findings indicate that high structural similarity between emulsion components is beneficial for minimizing supercooling in PCS, enhancing their potential for thermal energy storage applications."

Journal

Identification and Analysis of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis Related Genes in Salicornia europaea Under NaCl Treatment. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "The alcohol class accounted for the largest proportion, with docosanol (C25H54OSi) being the main specific alcohol compound, followed by fatty acids and alkanes...Their expression analysis revealed a differential response to 100 and 600 mM NaCl treatment and reached the highest level at 12 h or 48 h. The genes that were evidently upregulated with higher fold changes under salinity, such as SeFAR1, SeFAR2, and SeFAR3 are implied to synthesize primary alcohols, and SeWSs convert the primary alcohols to wax esters; SeCER1 and SeCER3 are also supposed to catalyze the conversion of aldehydes to alkanes while SeMAH7 catalyze alkanes to secondary alcohols in S. europaea in response to NaCl treatment. This study demonstrated that both the decarbonylation and acyl-reduction wax biosynthesis pathways may not be independent from each other."

Journal • Addiction (Opioid and Alcohol)

EDTA Eye Drops Compared to Abreva for Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=20 | Enrolling by invitation | Sponsor: University of Utah | Trial completion date: Jan 2025 ➔ Aug 2025

Trial completion date • Herpes Simplex

Efficacy and Safety of Acyclovir-penciclovir Cream Versus an Abreva in the Suppression of Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=40 | Enrolling by invitation | Sponsor: University of Utah | Not yet recruiting ➔ Enrolling by invitation

Enrollment open • Herpes Simplex

Natural compound-induced downregulation of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm-linked genes in wastewater Aeromonas species. (PubMed, Front Cell Infect Microbiol) - "This paper presents the inhibition of biofilm formation, the expression of biofilm-linked genes and ARGs by phytochemicals andrographolide, docosanol, lanosterol, quercetin, rutin and thymohydroquinone...Findings showed that the natural compounds inhibited the formation of biofilms and reduced the expression of genes linked to biofilm production as well as ARGs in wastewater Aeromonas. This indicates the efficacy of these compounds in targeting and controlling both ARGs and biofilm formation, highlighting their potential as innovative solutions for combating antimicrobial resistance and biofouling."

Journal

Development of Thin Film Microextraction with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as 'Eutectosorbents' for Preconcentration of Popular Sweeteners and Preservatives from Functional Beverages and Flavoured Waters. (PubMed, Molecules) - "In the proposed method, the NADES containing acetylcholine chloride and 1-docosanol at a 1:3 molar ratio was finally chosen to coat a support...However, the use of a solid NADES as a sorbent, synthesized without by-products, without the need for purification, and with good stability on a support with the possibility of reusability increases the ecological benefit of this method. The greenness aspect of the method was evaluated using the Complex modified Green Analytical Procedure Index protocol and is equal to 84/100."

Journal

Silk Fibroin-Based Multiple-Shape-Memory Organohydrogels. (PubMed, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces) - "The continuous hydrophilic phase of the OHG precursor consists of an aqueous SF solution, while the hydrophobic droplet phase consists of a crystallizable n-octadecyl acrylate (C18A) monomer and several long-chain saturated hydrocarbons (HCs) with various chain lengths between 14 and 32 carbon atoms, namely, n-tetradecane, n-octadecane, n-docosane, n-dotriacontane, and 1-docosanol...By changing the chain length and mass proportion of HCs, a series of OHGs with tunable transition temperatures could be obtained, meeting various applications. OHGs containing dimer, trimer, and quadruple combinations of in situ-formed poly(C18A) and HC microinclusions exhibit effective triple- or quintuple-shape memory whose shape-recovery temperatures could be adjusted over a wide range, e.g., between 7 and 70 °C."

Journal

Efficacy and Safety of Acyclovir-penciclovir Cream Versus an Abreva in the Suppression of Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=40 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: University of Utah

New P2 trial • Herpes Simplex

Antiviral Chemotherapy in Avian Medicine-A Review. (PubMed, Viruses) - "Specific therapeutics are described in alphabetical order including classic antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, abacavir, adefovir, amantadine, didanosine, entecavir, ganciclovir, interferon, lamivudine, penciclovir, famciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, and zidovudine, repurposed drugs, such as ivermectin and nitazoxanide, which were originally used as antiparasitic drugs, and some others substances showing antiviral activity, such as ampligen, azo derivates, docosanol, fluoroarabinosylpyrimidine nucleosides, and novel peptides. Most of them have only been used for research purposes and are not widely used in clinical practice because of a lack of essential pharmacokinetic and safety data. Suggested future research directions are also highlighted."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease

Monthslong HBV Suppression by TFV Double Ester Prodrugs (CROI 2024) - "Two nanoformulated diester candidates elicited enhanced and sustained HBV DNA suppression in transgenic C57BL/6 Tg05 mice compared to limited efficacy for TAF ProTide.Three amino acid free lipophilic double ester prodrugs of TFV were synthesized through a non-catalytic esterification of TFV monophenyl ester with either an aryl substituted lipid (M4TFV), octadecanol (M5TFV) or docosanol (M6TFV)...NM5TFV and NM6TFV diester prodrug formulations produced sustained monthslong suppression of HBV DNA in Tg05 mice without recorded adverse events."

Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation

Leaf cuticular wax composition of a genetically diverse collection of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars evaluated under field conditions. (PubMed, Heliyon) - "All lettuce cultivars were found to contain a unique wax composition highly enriched in 22- and 24-carbon length 1-alcohols (docosanol and tetracosanol, respectively)...Although waxes have been a target for improvement of various crops, no such work has been reported for lettuce. This study lays the groundwork for future research that aims to integrate cuticular wax characteristics of field grown plants into the larger context of lettuce breeding and cultivar development."

Journal

EDTA Eye Drops Compared to Abreva for Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=20 | Enrolling by invitation | Sponsor: University of Utah | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 ➔ Aug 2024

Trial primary completion date • Herpes Simplex

Optimization of a methodology for the extraction and quantification of policosanols by HPLC in Costa Rican sugar cane (ACS-Fall 2023) - "For the extraction, samples of sugar cane granules and juice were taken and multiple extractions with chloroform and an ultrasonic bath were carried out, later the chloroform was evaporated with a stream of nitrogen and the sample was reconstituted in mobile phase to be analyzed by reverse phase liquid chromatography, on an Alliance HPLC system with IR detector, using primary standards of 8 different policosanols. The method proved to be effective for the analysis of sugarcane granules and juice samples from the Guanacaste area by allowing the extraction and quantification of hexacosanol, heptacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol (the only 4 policosanols present in the cane samples from the area), however, the adequate chromatographic resolution was not obtained for heneicosanol, docosanol, tricosanol and tetracosanol, so in case of wishing to quantify them, a different optimization of the method is recommended, increasing, for example, the polarity of the mobile phase..."

Cardiovascular • Hypertension

Completion of radical hysterectomy does not improve survival of patients with cervical cancer and intraoperatively detected lymph node involvement: ABRAX international retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, Eur J Cancer) - P | "We showed that the completion of radical hysterectomy does not improve survival in patients with intraoperatively detected lymph node involvement, regardless of tumour size or histological type. If lymph node involvement is confirmed intraoperatively, abandoning uterine radical procedure should be considered, and the patient should be referred for definitive chemoradiation."

Journal • Retrospective data • Cervical Cancer • Gynecology • Oncology • Solid Tumor

[VIRTUAL] The ABRAX trial and what next? (ESGO 2020) - No abstract available

In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna Extract from the Coast of Lhok Bubon, Aceh. (PubMed, Plants (Basel)) - "The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (IC = 0.88 ± 0.20 mg/mL) inhibited α-amylase relatively similar to acarbose (IC = 0.76 ± 0.04 mg/mL). Phytochemical testing showed that the methanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction contained secondary metabolites: alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and phenol hydroquinone. The compounds in methanol extract predicted to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were Docosanol, Neophytadiene, Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-ol,acetate,(3.beta.,5.alpha.,22E), Octadecanoic acid,2-oxo-,methyl ester, and phytol, while those in the ethyl acetate fraction were n-Nonadecane, Phytol, Butyl ester, 14-.Beta.-H-pregna, Octadecenoic acid, and Oleic acid."

Journal • Preclinical

Degradation of alkane hydrocarbons by Priestia megaterium ZS16 and sediments consortia with special reference to toxicity and oxidative stress induced by the sediments in the vicinity of an oil refinery. (PubMed, Chemosphere) - "By using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry the metabolites were identified as 1-docosanol, dodecanoic acid, 7-hexadecenal, (Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, docosanoic acid, 1-hexacosanal, 9-octadecenoic acid, 3-octanone, Z,Z-6,28-heptatriactontadien-2-one, heptacosyl pentafluoropropionate, 1,30-triacontanediol and decyl octadecyl ester...A strong reduction in seed germination and radicle and plumule length was observed when Vigna radiata L. was treated with different concentrations of sediment extracts, possibly due to the toxic effects of the pollutants in the river sediments. Thus, this study is significant since it considers the toxicological effects of hydrocarbons and to degrade them in an environmentally friendly manner."

Journal

An ultralong-acting tenofovir ProTide nanoformulation achieves monthslong HBV suppression. (PubMed, Sci Adv) - "A lipophilic and hydrophobic ProTide was made by replacing the alanyl isopropyl ester present in tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) with a docosyl phenyl alanyl ester, now referred to as M1TFV. Laboratory experiments on HBV-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells affirmed the animal results and the critical role of docosanol in the sustained NM1TFV antiviral responses. These results provide clear "proof of concept" toward an emerging therapeutic paradigm for the treatment and prevention of HBV infection."

Journal • Hepatitis B • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Transplantation

Therapeutic efficacy of n-Docosanol against velogenic Newcastle disease virus infection in domestic chickens. (PubMed, Front Microbiol) - "Importantly, n-docosanol treatment significantly reduced virus shedding in oropharyngeal discharge and feces thereby allowing the restriction of NDV spread. Our findings suggest n-docosanol as a promising remedy in the control strategy of Newcastle disease in the poultry industry."

Journal • Infectious Disease

EDTA Eye Drops Compared to Abreva for Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions (clinicaltrials.gov) - P2 | N=20 | Enrolling by invitation | Sponsor: University of Utah | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 ➔ Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: May 2022 ➔ May 2024

Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Herpes Simplex

"Cosette Pharmaceuticals and Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited Announce the Approval and Launch of a National Brand Equivalent (NBE) of Abreva® (Docosanol Cream 10%) Including the First Approval in the Pump Format https://t.co/i1UERdeKkm" (@NewsFromBW)