linagliptin / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Repurposing DPP-4 inhibitors as anticancer agents in KRAS-mutated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (PubMed, BMC Pharmacol Toxicol) - "Overall, we report that Sitagliptin and Linagliptin have significant anticancer potential towards KRAS-mutated PDAC. Furthermore, we recommend repurposing of more drugs to examine their anti-cancer potential towards these aggressive cancers and to overcome clinical resistance in the near future."

Journal • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Pancreatic Cancer • Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • KRAS • MIA

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors: Novel Therapeutic Agents in the Management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus. (PubMed, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf) - "DPP-4 inhibitors remain effective and well-tolerated options for managing T2DM."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mechanically robust PVA/SA semi-IPN hydrogels for highly effective temperature-triggered linagliptin delivery. (PubMed, Phys Chem Chem Phys) - "The hydrogel system demonstrated temperature-responsive release kinetics: minimal release occurred at low temperatures, while rapid, sustained release was achieved at physiological temperature, reaching a cumulative release efficiency of up to 85.17%, which was highly beneficial for the storage and application of drug-loaded hydrogels. This study presents a hydrogel platform with effectively integrated material robustness, temperature-triggered drug delivery and high-efficiency loading and release of LIN, which showcases significant potential as a novel therapeutic material for diabetic wound healing."

Journal • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics

Linagliptin Attenuates Kidney Cancer in Rats via AMPK Activation and Suppression of YAP/TAZ/HIF-1α Signaling. (PubMed, Eur J Pharm Sci) - "This study investigated the renoprotective action of linagliptin compared to doxorubicin against thioacetamide (TAA) and diethyl nitrosamine (DEN)-induced renocarcinogenesis in a rat model. These findings demonstrate that linagliptin, especially at 6 mg/kg/day, exhibits significant renoprotective activities through multifarious mechanisms involving antioxidant action and regulation of key molecular pathways. The present study presents evidence for the potential therapeutic application of linagliptin in renal manifestations of renocarcinogenesis."

Journal • Preclinical • Genito-urinary Cancer • Inflammation • Kidney Cancer • Oncology • Renal Cell Carcinoma • Solid Tumor • CASP3 • HIF1A • PCNA • STAT3

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. (PubMed, J Diabetes Complications) - "Current randomized evidence indicates class-level neutrality of DPP-4 inhibitors on DR incidence, with no dose-response signal. Choice among gliptins may therefore be guided primarily by glycemic efficacy, safety, and participant characteristics rather than retinal risk."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Diabetes • Diabetic Retinopathy • Metabolic Disorders • Retinal Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Exploring the Evidence for Personalized Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes-A Systematic Review. (PubMed, J Pers Med) - " We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published from the earliest available records to 18 August 2025 using the following Boolean search terms: "miRNA AND gliclazide", "miRNA AND glibenclamide", "miRNA AND gliquidone", "miRNA AND glimepiride", "mirRNA AND metformin", "miRNA AND pioglitazone", "miRNA AND rosiglitazone", "miRNA AND sitagliptin", "miRNA AND vildagliptin", "miRNA AND alogliptin", "miRNA and saxagliptin", "miRNA AND linagliptin", "miRNA AND liraglutide", "miRNA and dulaglutide", "miRNA AND semaglutide", "miRNA AND tirzepatide", "miRNA AND lixisenatide", "miRNA AND empagliflozin", "miRNA AND dapagliflozin", miRNA AND insulin glargine", "miRNA AND insulin detemir", "miRNA AND insulin degludec", "miRNA AND..."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ON TARGET DM: Comparison of Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacotherapy Regimens (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=241981 | Completed | Sponsor: Kaiser Permanente | Recruiting ➔ Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2025 ➔ Mar 2025

Trial completion • Trial completion date • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Sequel in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Various Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Cureus) - "The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by utilizing widespread empirical research and randomized control trials (RCTs), evaluating sitagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin, and linagliptin. Sitagliptin and linagliptin appear neutral regarding HF risk. These findings highlight the importance of drug-specific evaluation when selecting a DPP-4 inhibitor for type-2 diabetic patients, particularly those having an elevated risk of heart failure."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Myocardial Infarction • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Morpheus Lung: A Study Of Multiple Immunotherapy-Based Treatment Combinations In Participants With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Morpheus- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=314 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Hoffmann-La Roche | Trial completion date: Nov 2026 ➔ Nov 2025

Trial completion date • Lung Cancer • Non Small Cell Lung Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor • PD-L1

Unveiling of phosphodiesterase-5 hot residues binding to xanthine derivatives for erectile dysfunction therapy: A computational drug repurposing approach. (PubMed, PLoS One) - "Sildenafil and other conventional PDE-5 inhibitors may lead to adverse effects, including visual disturbances and migraines. Additionally, we used per-residue energy decomposition to identify crucial residues for PDE-5 activity and thoroughly investigated hydrogen bond occupancy. This study points outthe potential of linagliptin as a PDE-5 inhibitor, paving the way for the development of a safe treatment for erectile dysfunction."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Erectile Dysfunction • Migraine • Pain

Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis Triggered by Combined Use of Metformin and a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist: A Report of Two Cases (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "The second patient is a 69-year-old woman who presented with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea 2 weeks after a semaglutide dose increase, while on metformin, lisinopril, linagliptin, and glyburide. We propose possible side-effect synergism when metformin and a GLP-1 RA are co-prescribed, with a heightened risk of renal dysfunction and unintentional metformin toxicity, specifically MALA. Prudence should be exercised when co-prescribing these 2 classes with close monitoring of kidney function and possibly reducing the dose of metformin, and there should be emphasis on sick day rule teaching."

Clinical • Acute Kidney Injury • Anorexia • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Data Analysis for Drug Repurposing for Effective Alzheimer's Medicines (DREAM)- Semaglutide v DPP4 Inhibitors (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=742670 | Completed | Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital | Active, not recruiting ➔ Completed

Trial completion • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

The Angiogenic Potential of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibition in a Large Animal Model of Coronary Artery Disease in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome (AHA 2025) - "Correspondingly, linagliptin-treated swine had enhanced ischemic coronary microvascular vasorelaxation responses to both endothelial-dependent adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and endothelial-independent sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (p=0.004, p=0.024; respectively). Linagliptin represents a promising therapeutic shown to improve collateralization, enhance arteriolar reactivity, and quell endothelial dysfunction in a translational model of metabolic syndrome."

Preclinical • Cardiovascular • Coronary Artery Disease • Metabolic Disorders • NOS3

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for the Primary Prevention of Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Target Trial Emulation (ACR Convergence 2025) - "This study aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on the risk of new-onset SARD. This emulated target trial used electronic health records of adults with T2D who initiated either an SGLT2i (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, or ertugliflozin) or a DPP4i (alogliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, or sitagliptin) between 2016 and 2024 from 101 U.S. healthcare organizations. Treatment with SGLT2i, especially dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, was associated with reduced risks of developing various SARD compared to DPP4i. These findings provide evidence for the broader immunomodulatory effects of SGLT2i. Prospective studies on the roles of SGLT2i in attenuating inflammation and autoimmunity are warranted to validate the finding."

Clinical • Ankylosing Spondylitis • Diabetes • Giant Cell Arteritis • Immunology • Inflammation • Inflammatory Arthritis • Lupus • Metabolic Disorders • Musculoskeletal Pain • Rare Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Scleroderma • Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Sjogren's Syndrome • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Systemic Sclerosis • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Vasculitis

Gliptin-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: Are Statins and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers the Cause? (PubMed, Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)) - "This is one of the first studies to compare demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients with gliptin-induced and conventional BP. Our results suggest gliptin-associated BP may present with more severe disease. Hyperlipidemia, ARB, and statin use may be associated with DPP4i-induced BP. Although larger studies are warranted to confirm this association, we believe these findings should be kept in mind while choosing patients to treat with gliptins."

Journal • Bullous Pemphigoid • Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders

Under the veil of elegance: the fascinating challenge of diagnosing euglycemic ketoacidosis (EUSEM 2025) - "There were no signs of infection, sensory or motor deficits, recent medication changes, NSAID use, or hematuria.Her chronic medications included metformin/linagliptin, enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide, zolpidem, levothyroxine, and omeprazole. This emphasizes the need to consider euDKA in diabetic patients presenting with acute kidney injury and metabolic acidosis, even in the absence of hyperglycemia. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to reduce morbidity."

Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Endocrine Disorders • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Drug hypersensitivity: When systemic symptoms and pustules converge (PubMed, Rev Alerg Mex) - "The patient presented a severe cutaneous adverse reaction 5 weeks after starting phenytoin, which showed overlap according to the scales. Secondary to the ambiguities among SCARs, confirmed cases of overlap are rare. In the acute stage of the disease, early identification of SCARs can be difficult due to overlapping features."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Dermatitis • Dermatology • Diabetes • Eosinophilia • Epilepsy • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pruritus • Renal Disease

COLOR-REAL: Cofrogliptin and Linagliptin as add-on Therapy to Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=594 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Yanbing Li

New trial • Real-world evidence • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A clever evaluation of the antidiabetic medications linagliptin and empagliflozin in bulk and spiked urine samples. (PubMed, Bioanalysis) - "This approach has been designed for effectively estimating the levels of examined drugs in human urine without matrix effect. The obtained results showed a good recovery values of both drugs."

Journal • Review

Bullous pemphigoid induced by linagliptin: a case series of 17 patients in a rare disease referral center. (PubMed, Ital J Dermatol Venerol) - No abstract available

Journal • Bullous Pemphigoid • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Immunology • Rare Diseases

Using Secondary Data to Evaluate Sex-based Heterogeneity of GLP-1 Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health (CKMH) Outcomes in Real-world Settings (DASH-CKMH) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=23280000 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Ohio State University

Heterogeneity • New trial • Real-world evidence • Cardiovascular • Metabolic Disorders

Green Nail Syndrome from Serratia marcescens in a 62-Year-Old Filipino Female (EADV 2025) - "Materials & We report the case of a 62-year-old female with a history of hypertension and a seven-year history of non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus, maintained on Gliclazide 60 mg once daily and a combination of Linagliptin and Empagliflozin after dinner...However, culture and sensitivity tests demonstrated a heavy growth of Serratia marcescens, sensitive to amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, and meropenem; but resistant to cefuroxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime axetil... This report documents a rare case of green nail syndrome attributed to Serratia marcescens, a pathogen uncommonly associated with this condition. It highlights the importance of considering less common pathogens in the differential diagnosis of green nail syndrome, particularly in patients with underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus. Accurate microbiological identification..."

Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Diabetes • Hypertension • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Mood Disorders • Pruritus

Bullous pemphigoid associated with canagliflozin intake (EADV 2025) - "The patient was also affected by ulcerative colitis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), treated with sulfasalazine 500 mg three times per day, L-thyroxin 100 µg/die, bisoprolol 5 mg/die, and canagliflozin 100 mg/die. He started complaining about pruritus and tense blisters on erythematous skin three months after starting canagliflozin after the interruption of linagliptin, which failed to control serum glucose levels...Canagliflozin was immediately discontinued, and the patient was treated with clobetasol propionate ointment 0.05% two times per day and prednisone 40 mg i.v., leading to a massive improvement of the clinical picture...Common side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors are increased incidence of urinary tract infections, elevations in LDL cholesterol, increased urination, and reduction of blood pressure. However, to the best of our knowledge, canagliflozin has never been reported as a trigger for BP."

Bullous Pemphigoid • Cardiovascular • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hypertension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pruritus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Ulcerative Colitis

Association of statins, gliptins, and antipsychotics with bullous pemphigoid: A case-control study in the Cretan population (EADV 2025) - "Higher proportions of use in the BP group vs. control group were found for atorvastatin (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.04-3.32, P = 0.035), linagliptin (OR = 6.63, 95% CI 2.17-20.23, P < 0.001), vildagliptin (OR = 3.20, 95% CI 1.73-5.91, P < 0.001), alogliptin (OR = 5.11, 95% CI 1.19-22.04, P = 0.016), and quetiapine (OR = 4.21, 95% CI 1.5-11.85, P = 0.004)...Metformin intake showed no significant association with BP (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.18-1.28, P = 0.143)... Our findings confirm and extend previous studies reporting the association of gliptins and antipsychotics on BP in other European populations. The association found for statins is new, thus more studies are needed to corroborate its validity."

Clinical • Bullous Pemphigoid • CNS Disorders • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Endocrine Disorders • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders

Selected drugs, therapeutic alternatives, and price benchmarks for IPAY 2027 Medicare drug price negotiation. (PubMed, J Manag Care Spec Pharm) - "Four drugs were identified to have 1 (deutetrabenazine, linaclotide, and nintedanib-esylate) or no (rifaximin) therapeutic alternative...Four products (acalabrutinib, semaglutide, linagliptin, and sitagliptin/metformin) will include therapeutic alternatives and MFPs from the first round of negotiation...These analyses identify the likely ceiling price and various initial price offer scenarios for the second round of Medicare price negotiation. We report price benchmarks and likely therapeutic alternatives to improve transparency around the opaque CMS negotiation process."

Journal • Medicare • Reimbursement • US reimbursement