arsenic trioxide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Rethinking Drug Resistance in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: The Regulated Cell Death Network as an Integrative Framework. (PubMed, Biomolecules) - "Drug resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) remains clinically challenging despite the success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) therapy...This predicts coupled shifts across multiple death modules and non-additive responses to combinatorial perturbations, distinguishing network-level remodeling from pathway-specific resistance. We further define experimental criteria for distinguishing network-level remodeling from pathway-specific resistance and discuss Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) as a preclinical multi-node perturbation probe."

Journal • Review • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • PML • RARA

Secondary Acute T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Pregnancy After Remission of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Case Report with Literature Review. (PubMed, Ann Clin Lab Sci) - "Herein, we present a case of a young female with APL who attained complete remission (CR) after receiving dual induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO), followed by standard consolidation and maintenance treatment cycles...She attained a second CR after receiving the VDCLP chemotherapy regimen (vincristine+daunorubicin+cyclophosphamide+L-asparaginase+prednisone). She subsequently underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and remained in sustained CR at the 18-month follow-up time point. For patients with T-ALL secondary to APL after treatment remission, early diagnosis combined with the VDCLP regimen and allo-HSCT demonstrated certain therapeutic efficacy."

Journal • Review • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Bone Marrow Transplantation • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia • Transplantation

Prognostic Factors and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients Treated with Arsenic Trioxide-Based Frontline Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Tertiary Referral Center in Iran (ESMO 2026) - No abstract available

Biomarker • Retrospective data • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology

Suppression of arsenic trioxide dissolution by antimony substitution. (PubMed, J Hazard Mater) - "Therefore, Sb may be predominantly locked in a persistent As2O3-Sb2O3 solid-solution, where residue may remain stable following management-related dissolution of ATRW. Selective As dissolution increases relative concentrations of residual Au and Sb, and redistribute the risks associated with wastes."

Journal

Dual Targeting of FLT3 Signaling and BCL2 Dependency by Venetoclax in ATO-Resistant FLT3-ITD Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (SOHO 2026) - "Next, IC50 values for midostaurin and venetoclax were determined, and their effects on FLT3 downstream signaling were evaluated. These findings establish venetoclax-based therapy as a rational preclinical strategy for ATO-resistant FLT3-ITD+ APL and support its further clinical evaluation. APL: acute promyelocytic leukemia, ATO: arsenic trioxide, ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid, BCL-xL: B-cell lymphoma-extra large, FLT3-ITD: fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication, IC50: half-maximal inhibitory concentration, MSCV-IRES-GFP: murine stem cell virus–internal ribosome entry site–green fluorescent protein, NOD/SCID: non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient, PML-RARA: promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha, pSTAT5: phospho-STAT5, STAT5: signal tranducer and activation of transcription 5."

IO biomarker • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • B Cell Lymphoma • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Lymphoma • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma • Oncology • BCL2 • BCL2L1 • FLT3 • PML • PTPRC • RARA • STAT5

A Rare Case of ZBTB16::RARA Fusion Acute Myeloid Leukemia Mimicking Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Diagnostic Challenges and Successful CLIA + Venetoclax Therapy (SOHO 2026) - "The zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 16 (ZBTB16):: retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) fusion, also known as promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF)::RARA, is a rare variant RARA fusion rearrangement (<1% of cases) that phenotypically mimics acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but is resistant to alltrans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) due to the PLZF repressive domain...The patient received induction cladribine, idarubicin, cytarabine (CLIA) plus venetoclax...Supportive care included hydroxyurea, transfusions, and prophylaxis...Venetoclax-based regimens represent a promising approach in this rare entity. Long-term follow-up and potential consolidation with transplant are planned."

Clinical • IO biomarker • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • Solid Tumor • Wilms Tumor • CD2 • CD34 • CD38 • KIT • NCAM1 • RARA • SMARCB1 • SMARCD3 • WT1 • ZBTB16

Restricted Anthracycline Strategy in Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia - A Single Centre Experience. (PubMed, Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus) - "An ATO-ATRA (Arsenic trioxide-All trans retinoic acid) based treatment protocol was employed, but with a unique strategy that restricts anthracycline use to progressive leucocytosis, irrespective of risk stratification. While three were lost to follow-up thereafter, the remaining 9 (75%) completed consolidation and are in long-term molecular remission. Hydroxyurea as a cytoreductive agent in APML allows for restricting anthracycline use to progressive leucocytosis without compromising outcomes."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Pediatrics

FIRST RESULTS OF THE APOLLO TRIAL: A RANDOMIZED PHASE III STUDY TO COMPARE ATO COMBINED WITH ATRA VERSUS STANDARD AIDA REGIMEN FOR PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED, HIGH-RISK ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (EHA 2024) - "Background: Pioneered by the APL0406 trial (Lo-Coco et al., NEJM 2013), prior investigations have demonstrated the superiority of combining all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) over standard ATRA and chemotherapy (CHT) as front-line management of low/intermediate risk acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)...Death in CR/CRi were observed in 0 and 3 pts in the ATRA-ATO and ATRA-CHT arm, respectively... First-line therapy with ATRA-ATO with two initial doses idarubicin results in superior EFS compared to conventional ATRA-CHT in patients with HR-APL. Further analysis of the APOLLO trial may support the implementation of this regimen as the new standard of care in patients with HR-APL"

Clinical • P3 data • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Cardiovascular • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Myelodysplastic Syndrome • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Oncology • Respiratory Diseases • Septic Shock • Thrombosis

Analysis of Cytogenetics, Molecular Profiling, and Survival in 190 Children With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Single-Center Experience (SOHO 2026) - "This group was treated only with the combination of arsenic trioxide plus all-trans retinoic acid (ATO+ATRA)...Sorafenib was also used in FLT-positive patients... The findings corroborate the established prognostic relevance of the identified cytogenetic abnormalities in pediatric AML. Treatment outcomes were additionally influenced by infectious complications, nutritional status, the adequacy of intensive supportive care, and limited access to bone marrow transplantation and targeted therapy. AF6: afadin, adherens junction formation factor (also known as AFDN), AML1: RUNX family transcription factor 1 (also known as RUNX1), ETO: RUNX1 partner transcriptional co-repressor 1 (also known as RUNX1T1), FLT3: fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3, ITD: internal tandem duplication, KMT2A: lysine methyltransferase 2A, MLL: mixed lineage leukemia, MLLT10: MLLT10 histone lysine methyltransferase DOT1L cofactor, PML: PML nuclear body scaffold, RARA: retinoic acid receptor alpha."

Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • DOT1L • FLT3 • KMT2A • MLLT10 • NPM1 • PML • RARA • RUNX1 • RUNX1T1

Long-term follow-up of a phase 2 study of all-trans retinoic acid, arsenic trioxide, and gemtuzumab ozogamicin in acute promyelocytic leukemia. (PubMed, Cancer) - P2 | "The combination of ATO-ATRA and GO was curative in 94% of patients who had APL with a favorable safety profile (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01409161)."

Journal • P2 data • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Oncology

RUXOLITINIB AND DEXAMETHASONE COMBINATION THERAPY EFFECTIVELY PREVENTS DIFFERENTIATION SYNDROME IN ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (EHA 2026) - P1 | "Background Differentiation syndrome (DS) occurs in about 25% of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) during all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) induction therapy, particularly in intermediate-to-high-risk patients. (C) NRAS mutation is a risk factor for DS. (D) Early elevation of NETs predicts DS."

Combination therapy • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Hypotension • Leukemia • Nephrology • Pulmonary Disease • Renal Disease • FLT3 • NRAS • WT1

Arsenic Trioxide and All-Trans Retinoic Acid Combination Therapy for the Treatment of High-Risk Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Results From the APOLLO Trial. (PubMed, J Clin Oncol) - P3 | "The results of the APOLLO trial support the use of ATO and ATRA for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with high-risk APL."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Leukemia • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Oncology

Steroid-Associated Toxicities and Survival Outcomes in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated With ATO/ATRA With or Without Chemotherapy (SOHO 2026) - "Context: Use of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) is associated with differentiation syndrome, prompting the use of prophylactic steroids. The frequent occurrence of differentiation syndrome during APML treatment and the metabolic complications associated with steroid use highlight the need for careful clinical monitoring and improved supportive care."

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology

Sequential Development of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in a Patient With Chronic-Phase CML on Bosutinib: A Rare Dual Myeloid Neoplasm (SOHO 2026) - "Management and Outcome: The patient was treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) with supportive care, including transfusions and monitoring for differentiation syndrome and QT prolongation. This case highlights the importance of prompt bone marrow evaluation in patients with CML who develop unexplained cytopenias. Early recognition of APL enables timely, curative therapy. Clinicians should maintain a broad differential diagnosis and remain vigilant for secondary hematologic malignancies during long-term tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy."

Clinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Chronic Myeloid Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • ABL1 • BCR • RARA

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Experience in Kuwait: A 15-Year Nationwide Cohort Study (SOHO 2026) - "Once associated with high early mortality due to hemorrhagic complications, APML has become a highly curable disease following the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO)... This 15-year nationwide cohort demonstrates excellent outcomes of APML in Kuwait with contemporary ATRA-based therapy. High remission rates, low relapse incidence, and limited early mortality were observed, supporting the effectiveness of current treatment strategies while emphasizing the importance of early recognition and management of treatment-related complications. PML: promyelocytic leukemia, RARA: retinoic acid receptor alpha."

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Breast Cancer • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • Solid Tumor • RARA

Antifungal Prophylaxis in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: The Azole Dilemma During Arsenic Trioxide Therapy (SOHO 2026) - "Fungal infections in APL are rare regardless of prophylaxis strategy, although more infections occurred among patients not receiving prophylaxis. Compared to azoles, echinocandins may offer equivalent prophylaxis while resulting in fewer ATO dose modifications for hepatotoxicity and QTc prolongation. Our analysis did not reach statistical significance, highlighting the importance of studying prophylaxis strategies in larger cohorts."

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology

Molecular Surveillance Unmasking Early APML Relapse: A Case Report (SOHO 2026) - "APML is a hematologic malignancy that is highly curable with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) as the standard of care... This case contrasts two phases of APML: an initial presentation complicated by ischemic stroke and DIC, and a subsequent molecular relapse that was entirely asymptomatic and detectable only through routine PML:: RARA PCR surveillance. In APML, molecular relapse monitoring is essential, because rising fusion-transcript levels can indicate disease recurrence before hematologic relapse becomes clinically apparent. Regular molecular surveillance enables early intervention, improves the chance of successful salvage therapy, and helps maintain long-term remission."

Case report • Clinical • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology

Romiplostim for cancer treatment-induced thrombocytopenia in acute promyelocytic leukemia: a case report. (PubMed, Front Oncol) - "All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a first-line treatment regimen for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), with generally milder myelosuppressive effects compared with conventional chemotherapy...A 60-year-old female patient with APL developed refractory grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia during ATO maintenance therapy, with no significant response to recombinant human thrombopoietin or hetrombopag treatment (platelet nadir: 8 × 109/L; duration of platelet count <50 × 109/L: 8 weeks)...Romiplostim may promote the recovery of residual megakaryopoietic capacity and provide a potential therapeutic option for such patients. However, its precise mechanism of action and the patient populations most likely to benefit require further investigation."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • Thrombocytopenia

"Radiation-Synthesized Gallotannin Hydrogel Attenuates Trisenox-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: miR-223/TXNIP Axis Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation". (PubMed, Biol Trace Elem Res) - "Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a potent therapeutic agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia; nevertheless, its clinical utility is severely restricted by dose-limiting nephrotoxicity...These findings demonstrate that radiation-synthesized gallotannin hydrogel (GTH) exerts nephroprotective effects against ATO-induced nephrotoxicity. These benefits are driven by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms mediated via modulation of the miR-223/TXNIP axis."

Journal • Preclinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Inflammation • Leukemia • Nephrology • Oncology • Renal Disease • CASP1 • CASP3 • IL18 • IL1B • MIR223 • NFKB1 • NLRP3 • TXNIP

Realgar Transforming Solution Triggers Ferroptosis-Associated Death in NB4 Leukemia Cells through Disruption of Iron Homeostasis and Suppression of the SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. (PubMed, Biol Pharm Bull) - "NB4 cells were treated with RTS, arsenic trioxide (ATO), or realgar, and cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Moreover, ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine mesylate partially rescued RTS-induced cytotoxicity and alleviated oxidative damage and iron overload. These results indicate that RTS induces ferroptosis-associated cell death in NB4 cells by disrupting iron homeostasis and inhibiting the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis, supporting further investigation of RTS as a modernized arsenic-based anti-leukemic formulation."

Journal • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia • Hematological Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • GPX4 • HMOX1 • IREB2 • NCOA4 • SLC7A11 • TFRC

Assessment of Arsenic Trioxide and All-trans Retinoic Acid for the Treatment of Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group AAML1331 Trial. (PubMed, JAMA Oncol) - P3 | "Patients with high-risk APL received 4 doses of idarubicin during induction therapy only. The 2-year EFS estimates were noninferior to the historical comparator group, and advantages of the regimen included shorter treatment duration, lower exposure to anthracycline and intrathecal chemotherapy, and fewer days hospitalized. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02339740."

Clinical • Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • Pediatrics

In Search for the Ideal All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Dose in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Striking the Balance Between Drug Toxicity and Measurable Residual Disease Clearance. (PubMed, Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus) - "The incorporation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has markedly transformed treatment outcomes...This highlights the importance of personalized ATRA dosing strategies, reinforces the recommendations, and provides a data-driven threshold to guide clinical practice. The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12288-025-02230-5."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology • PML • RARA

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Arising From Antecedent Myelodysplastic Syndrome: The Fourth Reported Case in the Literature (SOHO 2026) - "Despite the absence of florid hemorrhagic manifestations, the patient was treated urgently with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide, given the risk of rapid coagulopathic deterioration... APL evolving from antecedent MDS is extraordinarily rare and may demonstrate atypical morphologic and clinical features that delay recognition. Prompt molecular confirmation and urgent initiation of differentiation therapy remain critical despite a deceptively indolent presentation. This case adds to the limited literature describing possible clonal evolution of antecedent MDS into PML::RARA-positive APL."

Clinical • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Myelodysplastic Syndrome • Oncology • ASXL1 • CD34 • NCAM1 • RARA

Gut microbiota-derived indole-3-propionic acid attenuates Arsenic trioxide-induced cognitive impairment by inhibiting ubiquitination and degradation of BRD4. (PubMed, Br J Pharmacol) - "IPA mitigates ATO-induced intestinal injury and glycolytic dysfunction via the 'BRD4-H4ac-PFKM' axis, providing novel insights for preventing and treating ATO-induced neurotoxicity."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Depression • Hematological Malignancies • Inflammation • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Leukemia • Oncology • Psychiatry • Targeted Protein Degradation • BRD4 • DLG4 • PFKM

ALLG APML5: Bioavailability and safety of oral arsenic trioxide assessed during consolidation therapy for APL. (PubMed, Blood Adv) - P1 | "In conclusion, this novel oral ATO formulation is bioequivalent with intravenous ATO and offers a convenient alternative for patients with APL. Accession Number: ACTRN12616001022459."

Journal • Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia • Hematological Malignancies • Leukemia • Oncology