Primaxin (cilastatin/imipenem) / Abbott - LARVOL DELTA

Sepsis secondary to postoperative Enterococcus gallinarum infection in a patient with rectal cancer: A case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "The diagnosis and management of sepsis due to postoperative E gallinarum infection should focus on preventing and controlling postoperative complications, performing early etiological cultures, and selecting appropriate antibiotics."

Journal • Colorectal Cancer • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Pain • Rectal Cancer • Septic Shock • Solid Tumor

ICG clearance as an indicator of augmented hepatic clearance and subtherapeutic drug concentrations in septic patients. (PubMed, BMC Anesthesiol) - "AHC is a prevalent phenotype in sepsis and identifies a patient subgroup at high risk for subtherapeutic concentrations of hepatically or partially cleared antibiotics. ICG-derived parameters, particularly ICG-PDR, are robust predictors of inadequate drug exposure, supporting the use of dynamic liver function monitoring to optimize antibiotic dosing in septic patients."

Journal • Critical care • Infectious Disease • Septic Shock

Superselective embolization of the medial calcaneal artery: a minimally invasive and novel solution for rapid pain relief in plantar fasciitis. (PubMed, Eur J Radiol) - "Superselective embolization of the medial calcaneal artery using imipenem/cilastatin represents a novel, safe, and minimally invasive strategy for rapid and sustained pain relief in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis."

Journal • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Orthopedics • Pain

Piperacillin-tazobactam-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with community-acquired pneumonia: A case report and literature review on diagnostic challenges of elevated procalcitonin. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "piperacillin-tazobactam can induce HLH, a critical diagnosis requiring immediate drug withdrawal. Elevated PCT in this context is a significant diagnostic pitfall, misleadingly suggesting bacterial infection progression. Unexplained fever and cytopenia during piperacillin-tazobactam therapy - even with elevated PCT - should prompt urgent evaluation for drug-induced HLH. Discontinuation of the causative agent is paramount for recovery and may obviate the need for unnecessary antimicrobial escalation or immunosuppressive therapy."

Journal • Review • Hematological Disorders • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Oncology • Pneumonia • Rare Diseases • Respiratory Diseases

The study of promoting the rational use of sodium valproate in the intensive care unit. (PubMed, Sci Rep) - "The percentage of patients achieving a blood VPA concentration of 50-100 µg/mL increased to 80.7%, the rate of seizure control rose from 22.2% before the intervention to 65.4% after the intervention, the use of VPA injection was favored in severely ill patients to reduce the use of gavage administration. In conclusion, clinical pharmacists promoted the rational use of VPA in the ICU ward, leading to a significant increase in the average trough concentration of VPA."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Critical care • Epilepsy

Case Report: Delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to meropenem in an elderly patient-successful management with imipenem-cilastatin. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne)) - "This allergic reaction was immediately managed with calcium gluconate, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, and ebastine...Following a 14-day antimicrobial therapy, initially with imipenem-cilastatin and subsequently with amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets, the patient's skin rashes gradually subsided and the infection was successfully controlled. This case highlights the risk of DTH reaction induced by meropenem in clinical settings. Clinicians should remain vigilant for DTH reactions during meropenem therapy and cautiously consider alternative carbapenems such as imipenem-cilastatin."

Journal • Allergy • Dermatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease

Physical compatibility of omadacycline with intravenous agents used in the treatment of Mycobacteroides abscessus pulmonary disease. (PubMed, Am J Health Syst Pharm) - "At clinical concentrations of agents used in the treatment of pulmonary M. abscessus disease, omadacycline appears to be physically compatible in dual-agent combinations in Y-site infusion with amikacin, azithromycin, cefoxitin, imipenem/cilastatin, and linezolid, as well as in triple combinations of omadacycline plus imipenem/cilastatin and amikacin and omadacycline plus linezolid and amikacin."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Persistent Abscess in a Patient with Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis: A Rare and Fatal Complication (KIDNEY WEEK 2025) - "Despite two weeks of Imipenem/Cilastatin and Vancomycin therapy, the patient's condition deteriorated with fever and rapid turbid fluid reaccumulation. This case demonstrates that surgical drainage with continuous irrigation can be effective when antibiotics alone fail. CT findings"

Clinical • Fibrosis • Immunology • Solid Tumor • Wilms Tumor

Retrospective Analysis of Carbapenem Antibiotic Use Expenditures and Market Patterns in Medicaid (1991-2023) (ISPOR-EU 2025) - "This study evaluated longitudinal patterns in carbapenem use, market dynamics, and economic impact within the U.S. Medicaid program from 1991 to 2023.We conducted a retrospective analysis using publicly available Medicaid State Drug Utilization data, focusing on four carbapenems: Imipenem/Cilastatin, Meropenem, Ertapenem, and Doripenem. This study highlights evolving patterns in carbapenem prescribing, influenced by clinical practices, stewardship, and policy interventions. Continued surveillance is essential to balance appropriate antibiotic use with resistance prevention and cost control. Further research should assess the long-term impact of stewardship and the role of new therapies in guiding future trends."

Medicaid • Reimbursement • Retrospective data • US reimbursement • Infectious Disease

Bronchoscopy-associated dissemination of pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia terpenica in an immunocompetent patient with bronchiectasis: A case report. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "This is the first report suggesting that bronchoscopy, particularly BAL, can disseminate a localized airway Nocardia infection, causing acute disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis. Extreme caution is warranted when performing bronchoscopy in bronchiectasis patients with suspected or confirmed nocardiosis. For disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis, intensive combination therapy for at least 3 weeks is mandatory to prevent relapse, regardless of a rapid initial response."

Journal • Bronchiectasis • Chronic Cough • Cough • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • CRP

Nocardia Brain Abscess in a Previously Healthy Woman: A Diagnostic Clue to Underlying Immune Dysfunction (ACAAI 2025) - "She was started on amikacin, imipenem-cilastatin, and linezolid...After successful antibiotic treatment she was placed on trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis...This impairs innate immune aspects such as phagocytic activity and T cell response, weakening host defense and enabling development of opportunistic infections beyond the lungs such as CNS nocardiosis and cryptococcosis [6,7,8,9]. This case highlights the importance of considering anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in patients presenting with disseminated nocardiosis."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Glaucoma • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Ophthalmology • Respiratory Diseases • CSF2 • SPI1 • STAT5

Imipenem/Cilastatin in Embolization: From Antibiotic to Therapeutic Agent. (PubMed, Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol) - "Clinical studies have demonstrated its safety, with minimal complications compared to permanent embolic agents. Unlike permanent embolization materials, its transient nature reduces the risk of long-term ischemic damage while effectively managing pain and inflammation. Given its dual function as both an antibiotic and an embolic agent, IPM/CS represents a promising tool in interventional radiology, warranting further research to optimize its clinical applications. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the clinical applications, mechanisms, and outcomes of IPM/CS as a temporary embolic agent, and to highlight future directions for its use in interventional radiology."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Oncology • Pain

Integrated Molecular Diagnostics Unmask Legionella Pneumophila and Fungal Coinfection in an Immunocompromised Host: A Case Study of Precision Antimicrobial Stewardship. (PubMed, Infect Drug Resist) - "Antimicrobial therapy from targeted moxifloxacin/azithromycin to co-infection therapy with carbapenem escalated from Imipenem-cilastatin to sulbactam/cefoperazone for suspected gram-negative coinfection and fluconazole escalated to amphotericin B for resistant candidiasis guided by CRP/PCT trends. Integrated molecular diagnostics enable rapid pathogen identification in critically ill immunocompromised hosts. Multi-platform verification (isothermal amplification/dPCR/mNGS) overcomes technical limitations of single methods, while serial biomarker monitoring optimizes antimicrobial stewardship for mixed infections."

Journal • Candidiasis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Heart Failure • Infectious Disease • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Breaking Down the Abscess: Nocardia farcinica Behind an Abdominal Mystery (ACG 2025) - "This case presents a 39-year-old male with a complex medical history who developed nocardiosis identified in an intrabdominal wall abscess.Case Description/ A 39-year-old incarcerated male with large-vessel arteritis (inconsistently on prednisone and methotrexate leading to a complicated vascular history now on rivaroxaban), multiple DVT's requiring an IVC filter, pyoderma gangrenosum and chronic mesenteric ischemia presented to the ED for two months of hematochezia, 70-lb weight loss, hand rashes with abdominal and leg pain...He was started on vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam...He was then changed to imipenem-cilastatin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; however, resistances returned to imipenem-cilastatin and switched to linezolid...A) Colonial characteristics of N. farcinica on blood agar plates include pale yellow pigmentation, elevated growth, a rough surface, and opacity. B) Gram staining of N. farcinica revealed Gram-positive bacteria characterized by..."

Cardiovascular • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Infectious Disease • Pyoderma Gangrenosum • Respiratory Diseases

Distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens in post-earthquake traumatic infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "This study shows that there is limited research on the pathogens and their drug resistance after the earthquake disaster, and the data is concentrated in one region. The distribution of pathogens in earthquake-affected patients shows specific patterns, with a higher incidence and common resistance observed in Gram-negative rods. These pathogens exhibited the lowest resistance to Imipenem/Cilastatin and were less likely to develop resistance to quinolone antibiotics such as Netilmicin and Amikacin."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Infectious Disease

THE UNSEEN INVADER: A 75-YEAR-OLD'S BATTLE WITH PULMONARY NOCARDIOSIS ON RITUXIMAB THERAPY (CHEST 2025) - "CASE PRESENTATION: A 75-year-old gentleman with a significant medical history—including paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, rheumatoid arthritis on rituximab therapy, ulcerative colitis on mesalamine, Sjögren's syndrome, hepatitis C, previous deep venous thrombosis, and lifelong warfarin therapy—presented with several days of flu-like symptoms and increased fatigue...He was treated with empiric antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia and oseltamivir for influenza...He was initiated on amiodarone, and coronary angiography confirmed nonischemic coronary arteries...Given the patient's documented sulfa allergy, he was initiated on linezolid instead of the standard trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole regimen...In patients with a sulfa allergy, alternative treatment strategies are essential; timely identification of Nocardia species enabled the prompt initiation of targeted antimicrobial therapy with linezolid and imipenem-cilastatin... This case illustrates the..."

Atrial Fibrillation • Cardiovascular • Fatigue • Gastroenterology • Gastrointestinal Disorder • Hematological Malignancies • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Inflammatory Arthritis • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Influenza • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Rheumatology • Sjogren's Syndrome • Thrombosis • Ulcerative Colitis • Ventricular Tachycardia

Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia sp. in an HIV Patient: A Case Report Highlighting Challenges and Treatment Success. (PubMed, Curr HIV Res) - "This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of nocardial brain abscesses in pa-tients with HIV and highlights the importance of diagnosis, early neurosurgical intervention, and targeted antimicrobial therapy in improving outcomes."

Journal • Brain Cancer • CNS Disorders • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Pain • Solid Tumor • CD4

Transarterial Microembolization Therapy for Chronic First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Pain: A New Minimally Invasive Approach. (PubMed, J Vasc Interv Radiol) - "Based on the results of this prospective feasibility study, TAME with imipenem/cilastatin appears to be a promising and well-tolerated technique for the treatment of chronic first metatarsophalangeal joint pain. Larger, long-term studies are warranted to confirm these findings."

Journal • Gout • Immunology • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Orthopedics • Osteoarthritis • Pain • Rheumatology

AN UNUSUAL CASE OF MEDIASTINAL NOCARDIA GIPUZKOENSIS AND SINGLE-CENTER REVIEW OF PATIENT AND CT FEATURES OF INTRATHORACIC NOCARDIOSIS FROM 2011-2024 (CHEST 2025) - "He was initiated on dexamethasone, cefepime, metronidazole, and vancomycin which was deescalated to ceftriaxone monotherapy on day 4...On day 29 he was initiated on imipenem-cilastatin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim... Nocardia is a rare infection with variable presentation. Here we report an unusual case of disseminated mediastinal and intracranial nocardiosis in an immunocompetent adult. Our case and recent literature suggests mediastinal findings should be considered consistent with this disease."

Clinical • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cough • Diabetes • Hypertension • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pneumonia • Primary Immunodeficiency • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nocardia Nova bacteremia and viral pneumonia in a breast cancer patient post modified radical mastectomy: a case report. (PubMed, BMC Infect Dis) - "Establishing a diagnosis of nocardiosis is a precondition for successful antibiotic therapy. Nocardia bacteremia is a rare event, but it can be confirmed through blood cultures. Our report underscores the pathogenic potential of Nocardia species in patients with underlying conditions, highlighting the critical importance of prompt diagnosis and targeted treatment, especially in postoperative cancer patients at risk for co-infections."

Journal • Breast Cancer • Infectious Disease • Oncology • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • Solid Tumor

Adverse events leading to Treatment Withdrawal and Interruption in Mycobacteroides abscessus pulmonary disease (WBC 2025) - "Imipenem-cilastatin was reported as withdrawn in 15 TEAEs from nine participants, with nausea being the most reported adverse event associated with withdrawal (n=4). Intravenous amikacin was reported as withdrawn in 11 TEAEs from eight participants, with hearing impairment being the most reported TEAE associated with withdrawal (n=6). Tigecycline was reported as withdrawn in 12 TEAEs in six participants, with increased serum alanine transaminase levels implicated in two cases... Almost two-thirds of participants had treatment interruption or withdrawal of treatment for MABC-PD, highlighting the toxicity of current standard of care therapies. This substantial rate of discontinuation underscores the urgent need for safer, more effective therapeutic options to improve adherence and resulting patient outcomes."

Adverse events • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases

Xinjia Dayuan San for MDR-GN pneumonia: A randomized controlled trial. (PubMed, Phytomedicine) - "While not demonstrating definitive non-inferiority for 28-day mortality in this severe cohort, XJDS significantly improved microbiological clearance and clinical scores (CPIS, APACHE-II) in patients with MDR-GN pneumonia. Its benefits in immune modulation and microbial control, coupled with a comparable safety profile and rigorous standardization, suggest XJDS warrants further investigation as a promising adjunctive therapy as an alternative or adjunctive therapeutic option in managing critical drug-resistant infections. Further research into its precise mechanisms and clinical applications is warranted."

Clinical • Journal • Immune Modulation • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Pneumonia • Respiratory Diseases • IL1B • TNFA

Microarteriovenous Fistulas Causing Refractory Skin Ulcers: Feasibility and Safety of Transcatheter Embolization. (PubMed, Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol) - "TAE with IPM/CS is a feasible and safe treatment option for refractory lower limb skin ulcers caused by m-AVFs."

Journal • Anesthesia • Cardiovascular • Pain

Transarterial Embolization Using Imipenem/Cilastatin for Chronic Painful Achilles Tendinopathy Refractory to Conservative Management. (PubMed, J Vasc Interv Radiol) - "TAE is a feasible, safe and effective treatment for alleviating pain associated with chronic AT refractory to conservative management, with a low risk of adverse events."

Journal • Pain

Transarterial Embolization for Refractory Non-Cervical-Origin Interscapular Pain Following Ultrasound-Guided Injection: A Retrospective Feasibility Study. (PubMed, Diagnostics (Basel)) - "TAE primarily targeted the transverse cervical artery using imipenem/cilastatin sodium as the embolic agent... In this retrospective feasibility study, TAE appeared safe and effective as a salvage therapy for patients with refractory non-cervical-origin interscapular pain unresponsive to injection therapy. Further prospective, randomized studies are needed to validate these findings, refine patient selection criteria, and optimize treatment outcomes."

Journal • Retrospective data • Musculoskeletal Diseases • Musculoskeletal Pain • Pain