Zepbound (tirzepatide) / Eli Lilly - LARVOL DELTA

The impact of nutrition, exercise, and pharmacotherapy on menstrual health in adolescents with overweight and obesity. (PubMed, Nutrition) - "While underweight status and malnutrition are important underpinnings of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity poses a growing risk to menstrual health in adolescents. Early, comprehensive, and personalized strategies that integrate nutrition, physical activity, psychological support, and, when appropriate, insulin sensitizers and other pharmacotherapies can help protect and enhance reproductive endocrine function, preserve fertility, and mitigate long-term health risks. Further research is needed to clarify the impact and long-term effects of novel weight-loss medications in order to inform clinical practice in adolescent care."

Journal • Review • Genetic Disorders • Inflammation • Obesity • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Women's Health • LEP

Sonar-AI discovers first comprehensively described cases of GLP-1 receptor agonist associated thrombocytopenia: Faster, cheaper, and better than the 20th century approach of RADAR/sonar (ASH 2025) - "A search of FAERS captured 54 other users of semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide with (immune) thrombocytopenia...TriNetX Global Collaborative Database Review showed that among both patients with diabetes and patients with obesity but without diabetes, semaglutide use was associated with a lower risk of thrombocytopenia compared with older diabetes and weight loss medications... The SONAR-AI approach facilitated the first comprehensive description of four cases of GLP-1 receptor agonist-associated thrombocytopenia. This effort was completed in four weeks and cost $500. The four cases have been the first comprehensively described cases submitted to FAERS."

Clinical • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Thrombocytopenia • Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Obesity as a chronic disease: the key role of new therapies (PubMed, Assist Inferm Ric) - "The introduction of GLP-1 receptor agonists-such as liraglutide and semaglutide-has transformed obesity management by producing substantial weight reduction and improving risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and sleep apnea...Concerns also include reductions in lean mass, high treatment costs, and misuse driven by social media. Ensuring appropriate use requires medical supervision, preventive strategies, and public awareness efforts."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Versus Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Obesity and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. (PubMed, J Am Heart Assoc) - "In patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction and obesity, GLP-1 RA therapy was associated with improved outcomes compared with bariatric surgery, supporting the need for prospective trials to evaluate GLP-1 RAs as a therapeutic alternative."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Congestive Heart Failure • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Myocardial Infarction • Obesity

Exploring Adults' Experiences with Tirzepatide for Weight Loss: A Mixed-Methods Study. (PubMed, Healthcare (Basel)) - "Background: Obesity confers substantial cardiometabolic risk... In routine care, tirzepatide use was associated with high eating self-efficacy and positive patient-reported outcomes. Variation by coverage and duration suggests value in pairing pharmacotherapy with behavioral support and addressing affordability to sustain benefits."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

GLP-1 receptor agonists and preconception planning: bridging the gap between obesity treatment and reproductive safety, a narrative review. (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond)) - "Semaglutide (~7 days) and tirzepatide (~5 days) have long half-lives, requiring discontinuation at least 35 days and 25-35 days, respectively, before conception, while liraglutide requires ≥3 days...Alternatives such as metformin, lifestyle modification, and bariatric surgery remain safer options...Preconception discontinuation timed to each agent's half-life is prudent to minimize potential fetal exposure. Prospective studies and pregnancy registries are needed to confirm reproductive safety and refine guidance."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Infertility • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Sexual Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolic miracle or misguided shift? Tirzepatide in the era of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond)) - "Caution is warranted to avoid overreliance on pharmacologic solutions at the expense of established, effective interventions in managing this multifactorial condition. Further research should evaluate the integrated models that combine pharmaceutical therapy with lifestyle and mechanical therapies, investigate the direct impact on airway mechanics, and use the artificial intelligence to identify responders and optimize personalized treatment strategies."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity • Obstructive Sleep Apnea • Pancreatitis • Respiratory Diseases • Sleep Apnea • Sleep Disorder

Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease: The Future Is Being Surpassed. (PubMed, J Clin Med) - "(5) The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) finerenone has been tested in RCTs as a kidney protective agent...Many novel agents-many of them proven not only for DM management but also for the treatment of obesity with or without DM or heart failure (HF)-are now in development and may be added to the five classical pillars: other non-steroidal MRA (balcinrenone); aldosterone synthase inhibitors (baxdrostat and vicadrostat); other GLP-1 RA (tirzepatide, survodutide, retatrutide, and cagrilintide); ET1 R antagonists, (zibotentan); and soluble guanylate cyclase activators (avenciguat). These new agents aim to slow disease progression further and reduce cardiovascular risk. Future strategies rely on integrated, patient-centered approaches and personalized therapy to curb renal disease and its related complications."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Renal Disease

Meta-analysis of clinically available pharmacotherapy of biopsy confirmed metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH). (PubMed, Diabetes Obes Metab) - "Clinically available medications are beneficial in reversing MASH. Improvements in RSw/oF and RFw/oS were greater at earlier stages of fibrosis. Future analyses of drug effects should include assessments adjusted for baseline study characteristics of Fibrosis Grades and may evaluate whether preventive therapy will have long term benefits if started at earlier stages of MASLD."

Journal • Retrospective data • Fibrosis • Hepatitis C • Hepatology • Immunology • Inflammation • Liver Cirrhosis • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce body mass index and total daily insulin dose in youth with type 1 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. (PubMed, J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab) - "This first longitudinal report of GLP-1RA use in youth with T1D and obesity shows clinically meaningful improvements in weight, glycemia, and insulin requirements, supporting the potential role of GLP-1RA as adjunct therapy. Larger prospective studies are needed to guide clinical practice."

Journal • Retrospective data • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Pediatrics • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Semaglutide in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis: A Narrative Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Its therapeutic potential was long realized, leading to the development of the first GLP-1 receptor agonist, exenatide, followed by liraglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide...Alongside resmetirom, semaglutide is currently approved for the treatment of non-cirrhotic MASH with moderate-to-advanced fibrosis. Safety considerations include gastrointestinal intolerance, hypoglycemia, rare pancreaticobiliary events, and theoretical concerns of thyroid C-cell tumors, though human risk remains minimal. In summary, semaglutide extends the armamentarium of the hepatologist against the most common liver disease worldwide."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Genetic Disorders • Hepatology • Hypoglycemia • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Oncology • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

From one-size-fits-all to phenotype-based pharmacotherapy: How far are we in obesity management? (PubMed, Curr Opin Pharmacol) - "However, these phenotypes remain heuristic, with overlapping traits, limited validation, and uncertain predictive value. Future research should refine phenotypic classification, identify reliable biomarkers, and conduct phenotype-stratified clinical trials to confirm matching of pharmacological and surgical interventions."

Journal • Review • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

Engineered nutrient-stimulated hormonal multi-agonist for precision targeting of obesity and metabolic disorders. (PubMed, Clin Mol Hepatol) - "Tirzepatide (GLP-1/GIP dual agonist), CagriSema (GLP-1/amylin dual agonist), and retatrutide (GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist) have achieved unprecedented levels of weight loss and glycemic improvement, with certain agents also demonstrating hepatic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory benefits. Non-peptidyl oral GLP-1RAs, such as orforglipron, offer novel formulation strategies to enhance treatment accessibility and adherence...These therapies are poised to emerge as key components of precision metabolic medicine. This review article explores the mechanistic basis, pharmacological characteristics, and clinical data supporting the use of engineered NUSH-based peptide therapies for obesity and its related metabolic disorders, with particular emphasis on recent progress in the development and clinical application of dual and triple agonists."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hepatology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Harnessing GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity Treatment: Prospects and Obstacles on the Horizon. (PubMed, J Obes) - "Currently, liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide are FDA-approved for obesity treatment, while other agents are used off-label...Novel agents including CagriSema and higher dose oral semaglutide are advancing through clinical trials, while pivotal trial results for orforglipron, mazdutide, retatrutide, and survodutide are anticipated to further expand the therapeutic landscape...The convergence of pharmacological innovation, digital health strategies, and equitable care initiatives is expected to revolutionize obesity therapeutics in the coming decade. Priorities for future research include sustaining long-term weight loss, establishing disease-modifying potential in nonmetabolic disorders, and addressing health equity concerns to ensure broader global benefit."

Journal • Review • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • CNS Disorders • Congestive Heart Failure • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Genetic Disorders • Heart Failure • Hepatology • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis • Nephrology • Obesity • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

WHO releases its first guidelines on GLP-1s (The Hill) - "The WHO’s guidelines stated GLP-1s may be used for the long-term treatment of obesity in adults, excluding pregnant women. This recommendation is 'conditional' as there is currently 'limited data on their long-term efficacy and safety'....The guidelines specifically applied to three GLP-1 medications: liraglutide, semaglutide and tirzepatide. Semaglutide and tirzepatide are perhaps the most well-known GLP-1s in the U.S., sold commercially as Wegovy and Zepbound respectively when prescribed for weight management. Liraglutide is sold commercially as Saxenda in the U.S."

Clinical guideline • Obesity

Phoenix NP Expands Access to FDA-Approved Weight Loss Medications Across Arizona (The Manila Times) - "Phoenix NP emphasized that public confusion surrounding medication options has increased as some clinics continue to promote compounded versions despite the updated federal guidelines. The organization noted that this expansion aims to provide women throughout Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe, Chandler, Gilbert, and Goodyear with a clear and reliable source for FDA-approved treatments, dispensed directly from NovoCare and Lilly Direct."

Commercial • Obesity

Insulinoma Unmasked By Tirzepatide: A Rare Case of Postprandial Hypoglycemia In a Nondiabetic Patient. (PubMed, JCEM Case Rep) - "A 63-year-old woman with obesity presented with severe postprandial hypoglycemia that worsened after starting tirzepatide for weight loss. Further evaluation led to the diagnosis of insulinoma. This case suggests that the use of tirzepatide can provoke severe hypoglycemia episodes in patients with insulinoma and highlights the importance of including insulinoma as a differential diagnosis for hypoglycemia in patients taking incretin-based therapy."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Obesity • Oncology • Severe Hypoglycemia • Solid Tumor

Risk for Cancer With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Dual Agonists : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (PubMed, Ann Intern Med) - "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and overweight or obesity, but their association with cancer is unclear...None. (PROSPERO: CRD42024608365)."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Brain Cancer • Breast Cancer • Diabetes • Endometrial Cancer • Gastric Cancer • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Malignancies • Kidney Cancer • Meningioma • Metabolic Disorders • Multiple Myeloma • Obesity • Oncology • Ovarian Cancer • Pancreatic Cancer • Renal Cell Carcinoma • Solid Tumor • Thyroid Gland Carcinoma • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Health in the Shadow of Diabetes and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An Emerging Paradigm. (PubMed, Rev Cardiovasc Med) - "Instead, an integrated, patient-centered approach, with early screening and multidisciplinary management, is needed to address this complex interplay. Moreover, recognizing the shared pathways of T2D, MASLD, and CVD may help clinicians anticipate potential complications and design more effective and sustainable strategies for long-term outcomes."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hepatology • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

GLP-1 receptor agonists on WHO-EML 2025 list: major breakthrough bounded by persistent challenge. (PubMed, J Diabetes Metab Disord) - "Notably, the inclusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists-semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide-and the dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist, tirzepatide, represents a paradigm shift in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity...However, challenges persist, including financial constraints, limited healthcare infrastructure, and risks of irrational use, particularly for obesity alone. Effective implementation through national policies, training, and rational prescribing frameworks is essential to translating this global milestone into tangible public health benefits and to reducing the growing burden of diabetes and obesity worldwide."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Cystic Fibrosis • Dermatology • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Hematological Disorders • Hemophilia • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Oncology • Psoriasis • Pulmonary Disease • Rare Diseases • Renal Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A real-world study of tirzepatide for weight loss in adults without diabetes mellitus. (PubMed, Int J Obes (Lond)) - "Evidence on the short-term real-world effectiveness of low-dose tirzepatide in adults with obesity without diabetes is limited...Nausea was the most common adverse event (7.8%), and treatment discontinuation occurred in 10.4%, mainly among individuals previously treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Low-dose tirzepatide resulted in clinically meaningful short-term weight loss and favorable metabolic effects, supporting its effectiveness and tolerability in real-world practice."

Journal • Real-world evidence • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

Ethical Issues Related to the Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Such as Ozempic and Mounjaro: Impact on Individuals and Society at Large. (PubMed, Bioethics) - "This paper explores the ethical implications of emerging weight-loss medications such as Semaglutide (Ozempic) and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro), analysing their therapeutic applications for obesity and potential use as enhancement drugs. The paper argues that, with robust regulatory frameworks in place, the potential benefits of these medications are likely to outweigh the risks. Nonetheless, ongoing monitoring of their effect on individuals and society at large remains essential."

Journal • Genetic Disorders • Obesity

Bariatric surgery vs. GLP-1 receptor agonists among primarily medicare and medicaid patients with diabetes: a 3-year analysis. (PubMed, Surg Endosc) - "Among obese, T2D, publicly insured patients, bariatric surgery was associated with greater weight loss than GLP1-RAs at all measured periods from 3 months to 3 years post op."

Clinical • Journal • Medicare • Reimbursement • US reimbursement • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

FDA approves Zepbound (tirzepatide) as the first and only prescription medicine for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity (PRNewswire) - "Eli Lilly and Company...announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Zepbound (tirzepatide) as the first and only prescription medicine for adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity. Zepbound may help adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea and obesity improve their sleep disorder. It should be used with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity....This approval was based on results from the SURMOUNT-OSA phase 3 clinical trials, which evaluated Zepbound (10 mg or 15 mg) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA in adults with obesity, with and without positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy over the course of a year."

FDA approval • Obesity • Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Acute Kidney Injury After Accelerated Dosing of Tirzepatide in a Patient with Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report. (PubMed, Am J Case Rep) - "BACKGROUND Tirzepatide is effective for glycemic control and weight management in type 2 diabetes and obesity...CONCLUSIONS The AKI in this case may have resulted from the combination of rapid tirzepatide dose escalation, polypharmacy, and multimorbidity, potentially compounded by subclinical volume depletion or hemodynamic alterations. Clinicians should utilize standard titration schedules, closely monitor blood pressure and renal function, and exercise caution in patients with complex medication regimens to maximize tirzepatide's therapeutic benefits while minimizing renal risk."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Cardiovascular • Critical care • Endocrine Disorders • Genetic Disorders • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Obesity • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus