eletriptan / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

Hyperprolactinemia and migraine-like headache: A case report and literature review (EHF-EHC 2025) - "She was treated with bromocriptine for three months, achieving complete headache resolution...Repeat MRI showed a pituitary microadenoma, and cabergoline was reinitiated, with significant headache improvement...Eletriptan was prescribed for acute attacks...Dopamine agonists may relieve symptoms, even without tumor shrinkage, indicating a hormonal component. Pituitary hormones like PRL and hypothalamic peptides such as oxytocin may underlie sex differences in migraine.Endocrine evaluation is advised in refractory or atypical headache cases."

Case report • Clinical • Review • CNS Disorders • Endocrine Disorders • Gynecology • Migraine • Pain

Real-world comparative analysis of migraine attack abortive therapies: Insights from over 59 million patient records in the Migrebot e-Diary (EHF-EHC 2025) - "The proportion of "complete relief" was: sleep 60.09%, alcohol 54.17%, coffee 49.06%, cola 45.6%, massage 44.85%, cefaly 38.81%, mint/menthol 31.18% In this very large, fully naturalistic dataset, eletriptan was associated with the greatest user-reported relief among the medications studied. While self-selection, reporting bias, attack heterogeneity, and the absence of randomization limit causal inference, e-diaries can complement clinical trials by providing rapid, global, real-world signals at scale"

Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Middle meningeal artery lidocaine infusion for refractory migraine: First case report in Portugal (EHF-EHC 2025) - "Various pharmacologic classes were tried without benefit: antihypertensives and calcium channel blockers (propranolol, candesartan, flunarizine), antiepileptics (valproic acid, topiramate, oxcarbazepine), antidepressants (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, venlafaxine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, clomipramine), other preventives (prednisolone, oxitriptan, melatonin), cycles of botulinum toxin (PREEMPT protocol), monoclonal antibodies (galcanezumab, fremanezumab, erenumab), and atogepant. At the time of the procedure, the patient was on eptinezumab 100 mg and botulinum toxin every three months but continued to have daily headaches, with severe intensity and reliance on eletriptan for acute relief...It constitutes an invasive therapeutic approach that should be considered only as a rescue option for carefully selected patients with severely refractory migraine. Further studies and long-term follow-up are needed to assess efficacy and safety."

Case report • Clinical • Anorexia • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Classifying Effluxable Versus Non-Effluxable Compounds Using a Permeability Threshold Based on Fundamental Energy Constraints. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "Concentration-dependent measurements for Amprenavir, Eletriptan, Loperamide, and Quinidine-chosen because these borderline compounds exhibited the highest Pm×Cext while still being actively effluxed-enabled the most accurate determination of the threshold. In contrast, more than 60% of the compounds analyzed without significant ER values (123 compounds) fell above the threshold, in strong agreement with our theory of an energy limitation to active transport. This permeability threshold thus provides a simple and broadly applicable criterion to identify compounds for which active efflux is energetically not feasible and may serve as a practical tool for early drug discovery and optimization, pending further validation in practical applications."

Journal • ABCB1

Response to intravenous dihydroergotamine (DHE) for the treatment of refractory chronic migraine in adolescent patients (IHC 2025) - "Pre-infusion ondansetron 150 mcg/kg and prochlorperazine 5 mg/kg were administered PRN...For management, 54% (14/26) used sumatriptan,19% (5/26) used rizatriptan, 23% (6/26) used zolmitriptan, and 4% (1/26) used eletriptan. Preventively, 31% (8/26) had used propranolol, 23% (6/26) topiramate, 23% (6/26) amitriptyline, and 23% (6/26) pizotifen...This may include infusion slowing and increasing anti-emetic breadth and doses. Larger longer-term follow up studies are needed."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine

Profile of triptan use and efficacy in migraine patients treated with Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (EAN 2025) - "Fremanezumab was the prevailing mAb (66,28%)...Before starting mAbs, 69 patients (80.29%) used triptans, mainly zolmitriptan (36.23%) and eletriptan (34.78%)... As previously suggested in other studies, preliminary findings indicate that anti-CGRP mAbs may reduce the need for triptans in migraine management. Despite anecdotal reports of triptan efficacy loss, so far our data did not support this. Further studies are needed to explore this interaction."

Clinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

eSpine: Phase 1b/2a Clinical Trial to Determine the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of TZ-161 in Spinal Cord Injury (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=28 | Recruiting | Sponsor: Technophage, SA | Not yet recruiting ➔ Recruiting | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 ➔ Jun 2027 | Initiation date: Jan 2025 ➔ Aug 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 ➔ Dec 2026

Enrollment open • Trial completion date • Trial initiation date • Trial primary completion date • CNS Disorders • Orthopedics

Drug screening of wildtype voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.3, Nav1.5 and Nav1.6: a systematic analysis of over 350 substances (NeuPSIG 2025) - "We conducted a dose response screening with 25 agents like Sertraline, Memantine and Eletriptan on Nav 1.5 in a subsequent study, to reveal potential mechanisms of cardiac side effects. The identification of unanticipated interactions between FDA-approved drugs and voltage-gated sodium channels highlights the significance of off-target effects that have long been underexplored. The identification of unanticipated interactions between FDA-approved drugs and voltage-gated sodium channels highlights the significance of off-target effects that have long been underexplored. These interactions could provide valuable insights into drug-induced side effects or reveal novel mechanisms that may influence pain, safety, and therapeutic efficacy. By uncovering these off-target effects, we can refine our understanding of drug pharmacology, improve the safety profiles of existing drugs, and potentially point towards new avenues for pain management."

CNS Disorders • NAV1

The impact of headache specialist density and the introduction of gepants and lasmitidan on prescriptions for acute migraine treatments: a regression and interrupted time series analysis. (PubMed, Front Neurol) - "In our interrupted time-series analysis, the introduction of the gepants and lasmiditan was linked to decreases in triptan utilization, except for eletriptan which remained stable, and rizatriptan which rose at a slower rate...Our study suggests increased headache provider availability is associated with more prescriptions for naratriptan, eletriptan, and almotriptan. Additionally, the introduction of the gepants and lasmiditan broadly decreased the utilization of triptans. Critically, there was a strong association between a pharmaceutical company's, Pfizer, payments to physicians and utilization of their medication, rimegepant."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Curvilinear regression analysis and ranking of migraine treatment drugs using degree-based topological indices and the WASPAS method. (PubMed, Comput Biol Med) - "In this study, we calculate several degree-based topological indices for a range of migraine treatment medications, including aspirin, caffeine, eletriptan, ergotamine, sumatriptan, rizatriptan, verapamil, diclofenac, frovatriptan, and droperidol. This research emphasizes the application of curvilinear regression techniques and performs extensive testing using these models to enhance the understanding of drug properties. The Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method is applied to evaluate and rank these drugs based on various topological indices attributes, integrating both the weighted sum model and the weighted product model to provide a comprehensive assessment."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

A Pilot Study on the Drug Price Revision Strategy in Japan: A Comparison Among Fiscal Years 2018, 2020, and 2022. (PubMed, Hosp Pharm) - "In FY2020, sumatriptan and eletriptan were cost-effective, and rizatriptan was extended-dominated; nevertheless, the other triptans were dominated by sumatriptan. In FY2022, naratriptan and eletriptan were cost-effective; however, the other triptans were dominated by naratriptan...The variations could be problematic because in Japan, formulary management of triptans, for example, those for migraine, may face revaluation every other year. Discussions regarding this issue will be further explored in the future."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

eSpine: Phase 1b/2a Clinical Trial to Determine the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of TZ-161 in Spinal Cord Injury (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=28 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Technophage, SA

New P1/2 trial • CNS Disorders • Orthopedics

Regional distribution of unbound eletriptan and sumatriptan in the CNS and PNS in rats: implications for a potential central action. (PubMed, J Headache Pain) - "This study suggests that despite low BBB transport, both eletriptan and sumatriptan achieve unbound concentrations sufficient to stimulate 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5-HT1F receptors not only in the trigeminal ganglion, but also in the CNS. Further research is needed to determine whether central mechanisms contribute to triptan's antimigraine effect and/or side effects."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Advancing migraine therapy with novel mucoadhesive eletriptan formulations (Neuroscience 2024) - "Additionally, analytical methods for eletriptan estimation using UV-visible spectroscopy and HPLC with UV detection were developed and validated. Results demonstrated the potential of mucoadhesive formulations to enhance drug absorption and efficacy, offering a promising avenue for improving migraine therapy outcomes."

Late-breaking abstract • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Comparative effects of drug interventions for the acute management of migraine episodes in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis. (PubMed, BMJ) - "Overall, eletriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan had the best profiles and they were more efficacious than the recently marketed drugs lasmiditan, rimegepant, and ubrogepant. Although cost effectiveness analyses are warranted and careful consideration should be given to patients with a high risk cardiovascular profile, the most effective triptans should be considered as preferred acute treatment for migraine and included in the WHO List of Essential Medicines to promote global accessibility and uniform standards of care."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Recent Development of Zolmitriptan Formulation in Migraine Therapy: Production, Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Aspects. (PubMed, CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets) - "At the moment, naratriptan, eletriptan, zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, almotriptan, and frovatriptan are the seven types of triptans available on the market. Among these are the FDA-approved triptans, Zolmitriptan and Sumatriptan, which are selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) agonists...The only known antimigraine drugs that were widely utilized before the triptan period were ergotamine and dihydroergotamine...Researchers have looked into fresh ideas for solving this issue and innovations to overcome its pharmacokinetic difficulties. This article emphasizes the role of zolmitriptan in the treatment of migraines, highlighting its pharmacological properties, production, metabolism, and structural features."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Triptan non-response in a London tertiary headache centre: What can we learn? A retrospective study. (PubMed, Cephalalgia) - "Our findings highlight an alarming prevalence of triptan non-response among adult migraineurs receiving treatment in a London-based tertiary headache service. It is imperative for clinicians to explore methods to optimize acute medication efficacy, whether this comprises changing to a triptan with a superior response rate, advocating for early intervention or considering alternative acute medication classes, such as gepants or ditans."

Journal • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Variations in prescribing patterns for acute and preventive migraine medications in young adults: A retrospective, observational study (AHS 2024) - "Fifteen preventive medications were analyzed, of which only onabotulinumtoxinA showed a statistically significant difference in rate of utilization between age groups (41.4% in adults vs. 32.3% in young adults, p = 0.001). Ten acute medications were evaluated with statistically significant differences in prescription rates demonstrated in eletriptan (8.0% vs. 3.5%, p = 0.001) and frovatriptan (4.7% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.001). We demonstrate statistically significant differences in prescription rates of common acute and preventive migraine medications when analyzing by age group."

Observational data • Retrospective data • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Changing migraine patterns in a transgender man assigned female at birth undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy (AHS 2024) - "At this appointment, his abortive regimen was changed from sumatriptan 25 mg as needed to eletriptan 40 mg as needed. He was also started on duloxetine 60 mg daily as migraine preventive, with additional benefit of anxiety management... There exists well-established data about how certain patient populations with migraines have migraine patterns that respond to hormonal changes. For other patient populations, such as for transgender men receiving gender-affirming care, there is a lack of data in this regard. In this patient, we establish that his migraines began concurrently with initiation of gender-affirming hormone therapy with intramuscular testosterone."

CNS Disorders • Migraine • Mood Disorders • Pain • Psychiatry

The putative proton-coupled organic cation antiporter is involved in uptake of triptans into human brain capillary endothelial cells. (PubMed, Fluids Barriers CNS) - "We have demonstrated that the triptan family of compounds possesses affinity for the H+/OC antiporter proposing that the putative H+/OC antiporter plays a role in the BBB transport of triptans, particularly eletriptan. Our in vivo studies indicate that eletriptan is subjected to simultaneous brain uptake and efflux, possibly facilitated by the putative H+/OC antiporter and P-gp, respectively. Our findings offer novel insights into the potential central site of action involved in migraine treatment with triptans and highlight the significance of potential transporter related drug-drug interactions."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • ABCB1

Facile and green chemistry-compatible fluorescence spectroscopic applications of acid red 87 used to evaluate eletriptan, antimigraine, in its pharmaceutical and biological samples. (PubMed, Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc) - "This approach proficiently evaluated the pharmaceutical and biological samples of ETR. Finally, the proposed approach not only simplifies the analysis process but also limits the badimpact on the environment, making it a promising technique for analytical applications."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

The 5-HT and 5-HT agonists in acute migraine therapy: Ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, and the triptans. (PubMed, Handb Clin Neurol) - "There is extensive evidence that the seven triptans available today, sumatriptan, zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, eletriptan, naratriptan, almotriptan, and frovatriptan, are effective in the acute treatment of migraine. For optimal benefit, therapy needs to be individualized for a given patient both regarding the triptan chosen and the formulation. This chapter discusses the ergot alkaloids and the triptans, including mechanism of action, evidence for efficacy, clinical use, and adverse effects."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Simultaneous Comparisons of 25 Acute Migraine Medications Based on 10 Million Users' Self-Reported Records From a Smartphone Application. (PubMed, Neurology) - "Using a big-data approach, we analyzed patient-generated real-time records of 10 million migraine attacks and conducted simultaneous head-to-head comparisons of 25 acute migraine medications. Our findings that triptans, ergots and anti-emetics are the most effective classes of medications align with the guideline recommendations and offer generalizable insights to complement clinical practice."

Journal • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Statistically Optimized Polymeric Buccal Films of Eletriptan Hydrobromide and Itopride Hydrochloride: An In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "The drug was found to rapidly permeate across the buccal mucosa, leading to increased bioavailability of the drug: C of 130 and 119 ng/mL of ITHC and EHBR, respectively, as compared to 96 (ITHC) and 90 ng/mL (EHBR) of oral solution. The conclusion can be drawn that possible reasons for the enhanced bioavailability could be the increased surface area in the form of buccal films, its rapid disintegration, and faster dissolution, which led toward the rapid absorption of the drug into the blood stream."

Journal • PK/PD data • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain

Unravelling the role of the putative proton-coupled organic cation antiporter in triptan transport across the blood-brain barrier (Neuroscience 2023) - "We applied human brain capillary endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) to investigate uptake characteristics of prototypical H+/OC antiporter substrates and triptans (almotriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan and zolmitriptan). J Headache Pain. 2010; 11(1):5-12."

CNS Disorders • Migraine • Pain • ABCB1