Gatiflox (gatifloxacin) / Orient Europharma - LARVOL DELTA

Comparison of Topical Gatifloxacin and Levofloxacin at Different Durations in Eliminating Conjunctival Bacterial Flora. (PubMed, J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) - "Both drugs were effective in removing gram-positive bacillus at different durations (P < 0.01), but only the levofloxacin treatment for 3 days significantly reduced the positive cultures of gram-positive cocci in the conjunctival sac (P < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that preoperative use of levofloxacin to prevent infection takes at least 2-3 days, and 1 day is a sufficient duration for topical gatifloxacin to significantly reduce conjunctival bacterial flora."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology

Topical antibiotics for treating bacterial keratitis: a network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "In our NMA, mostly moderate- to very low-certainty evidence suggests that vancomycin + ceftazidime combination therapy, moxifloxacin monotherapy, and cefazolin + tobramycin combination therapy may be the most effective treatments for BK in terms of corneal healing time, whereas ciprofloxacin monotherapy is the least effective. Given that most evidence was not of high certainty, the results of this NMA should be interpreted with caution, and future research could potentially alter these findings."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Conjunctivitis • Corneal Abrasion • Glaucoma • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

First Report of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Canine Dermatological Infections: Unravelling Its Antimicrobial Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence Traits. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "All 15 isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, minocycline, and tigecycline, but resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam. Correlation analysis indicated positive associations between several antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. This study underscores the zoonotic potential of S. maltophilia from dogs, advocating for a One Health approach to mitigate infection risks and limit the spread of virulent multidrug resistant pathogens."

Journal • Infectious Disease

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines. (PubMed, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces) - "Upon the addition of ciprofloxacin (CIP) or enrofloxacin (ENR), the fluorescence intensity at 460 nm showed minimal change, while the fluorescence intensity at 580 nm significantly decreased. Additionally, the addition of aureomycin (AC) caused the fluorescence peak at 460 nm to weaken and shift to 525 nm. Thus, this study presents a novel g-CDs-Fe NCs-Zn2+ system for detecting various antibiotics, including CIP, ENR, GAT, TC, OC, and AC, utilizing different fluorescent detection modes."

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Concentration-dependent photoluminescence biomass-derived carbon dots as fluorescent sensors for economical, green, rapid and sensitive detection of gatifloxacin in foods. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "This method was successfully applied to quantify GAT in milk and honey samples, achieving recoveries between 98.0 % and 103.77 %. The B-CQD platform offers considerable potential for sensitive and selective GAT detection and provides valuable insights for food safety monitoring applications."

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Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in tuberculous meningitis: A literature review. (PubMed, Surg Neurol Int) - "The use of INH is beneficial because it has high bactericidal activity. Gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin, which are included in the fluoroquinolone class of drugs, are safe to use even though their CSF penetration is not as good as levofloxacin."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Label-Free Silver Nanoparticles for Colorimetric Determination of Gatifloxacin. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "The color of AgNPs gradually deepened with increasing gatifloxacin concentration, which could be clearly distinguished with the naked eye at a gatifloxacin concentration of 3.5 μg/mL. The label-free AgNPs detection system holds potential for simple, accurate, and rapid colorimetric detection of gatifloxacin in complex biological samples, offering a new perspective for the fabrication of ratiometric sensor platforms."

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High-efficiency photocatalytic degradation of multiple quinolone antibiotics using a hybrid heterojunction with synergistic doping of boron and bismuth. (PubMed, J Colloid Interface Sci) - "This configuration exhibited exceptional reduction capacity and optimized photogenerated carrier separation and migration efficiency, leading to excellent degradation performance for gatifloxacin ((26.89 ± 1.94) × 10-2 min-1), sparfloxacin ((10.48 ± 2.03) × 10-2 min-1), moxifloxacin ((8.43 ± 1.02) × 10-2 min-1), and gemifloxacin ((4.13 ± 0.13) × 10-2 min-1). The degradation disparities among these quinolone antibiotics were systematically elucidated through analyses of steric hindrance, frontier molecular orbital energies, Mulliken charge distribution, reaction sites, and active species contribution rates. This study offers guidance for the systematic development of heterojunction photocatalysts to address fluoroquinolone pharmaceutical pollutants in aquatic ecosystems."

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Genomic Diversity of the tet(X)-Positive Myroides Species. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "All of them were MDR to tetracycline, ceftazidime, gentamicin, amikacin, colistin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for tigecycline, florfenicol, and macrolides, but exhibited susceptibility to meropenem (100%), ampicillin-sulbactam (66.7%), and cefotaxime (33.3%). The phylogenetic analysis highlighted interspecies transmission risks, with ISCR2-mediated transposons of tet(X6) and estT-2 across Myroides, Riemerella, Empedobacter, Providencia, Acinetobacter, and Proteus species. These findings illuminate the genomic diversity driving antibiotic resistance in understudied bacterial taxa, with implications for global One Health strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Rapid oxidation of gatifloxacin by ozone/sulfite process: Generation of reactive species and radical-mediated mechanisms. (PubMed, Water Res) - "Besides, using O3/S(IV) process as a pretreatment process can effectively control the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during post-chlorination. The results provide new avenues for designing S(IV)-based AOPs and removing GAT efficiently."

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Structural insight in understanding the impact of mutation at position 88 and 94 of DNA gyrase A of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in developing resistance against delafloxacin. (PubMed, J Biol Phys) - "Based on literature information on drug-resistance related study for DNA gyrase, we generated 4 different mutant models 3ILW_G88A, 3ILW_G88C, 3ILW_D94G, and 3ILW_D94H by inserting two mutations at each position 88 and 94 in DNA gyrase chain A. Antibiotics Clinafloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Sitafloxacin, Prulifloxacin, Besifloxacin, Delafloxacin, Ozenoxacin were docked with 3ILW_wild to understand their stability, binding affinity, and interaction pattern with the wild-type DNA gyrase (3ILW_wild). It is worth noting that mutation at position 94 of DNA gyrase A has a very profound effect as it shows a positive contribution towards increased resistance due to reduced binding affinity with delafloxacin. This study explains the structural changes and mechanism behind the resistance against Delafloxacin, and may also guide the structural changes required in existing Delafloxacin or other antibiotics to develop new therapeutics to overcome the issue of resistance."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Research on the Effects of Environmentally Friendly Additives on Mild Steel Electroless Plating. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "During the plating procedure, green additives such as moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were utilized as stabilizers. The data from the X-ray photoelectron spectral measurement showed that the binding energies 0.020 of the metallic components present in the preventive coatings demonstrated that the inner layer of the coatings contained Sn2 p3/2 and Sn2p accounted for high protection against corrosion resistance by this coatings methodology, and the outer layer of the coatings consisted of Cu3P, Cu2P3/2 O 1s, and O KLL. Electrochemical and quantum mechanical experiments were used to screen the additives' performance."

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Virulence factors and strain similarity of Staphylococcus aureus from a dairy farm demonstrate an increased risk of environmental transmission. (PubMed, Res Vet Sci) - "Genomics and proteomics analyses revealed various virulence factors, encompassing cytolytic toxins, immune evasion mechanisms, extracellular matrix (ECM)-binding proteins, proteases, enterotoxins, and chromosomal point mutations. In addition to virulence factors, this study shows how this bacterium moves around the farm, potentially becoming an environmental pathogen, increasing the risk of transmission and infection for humans and animals."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction approach for separation of fluoroquinolones from soil and sediment followed by their chromatographic determination. (PubMed, Talanta) - "Various hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents were investigated for separation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, gatifloxacin, lomefloxacin, and ofloxacin) from soil and sediment. The proposed approach eliminates the need for additional tedious and time-consuming purification by solid-phase extraction. It was successfully applied to real soil and sediment samples, showing no significant matrix interference."

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Defect-rich Co,N-doped Ti3C2Tx/C/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) molecularly imprinted sensor for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of gatifloxacin. (PubMed, Talanta) - "Experimental results indicated that the sensor has a wide linear response range (0.005-50 μM), a low detection limit (2 nM), and test RSD values are all less than 5 % in honey, milk and lake water, and reliable recoveries were achieved in comparison with standard chromatographic methods. Highlight its potential for practical antibiotic monitoring applications."

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Lasiodiplodia keratitis: A case series of 27 patients. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "Medical management with natamycin was effective in treating patients with Lasiodiplodia keratitis. However, advanced cases necessitated surgical intervention for complete resolution."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles, and its conjugation with antibacterial proteins for enhancing their antibacterial activity. (PubMed, Bioorg Chem) - "The highest percentages of resistance were found for Amikacin (AK; 43 %), Cefuroxime (CXM; 42 %), Gatifloxacin (GAT; 38 %), Clindamycin (DA; 38 %), Ciprofloxacin (CIP; 36 %), Ceftriaxone (CRO; 35 %), Cefoperazone/Sulbactam (CES; 34 %), Nitrofurantoin (F; 31 %), Piperacillin (PRL; 26 %), and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC; 23 %). Results showed that 11S globulin had the highest antibacterial activity of 7S globulin and isolated protein, recording the MIC at 125 μg/mL. Conjugation between Se-NPs with antibacterial proteins (protein isolates, 7S, and 11S) has MBC (125 μg/mL) and MIC (125 μg/mL) values against tested bacteria."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Nephrology • Pneumonia

Screening of dry eye scheme based on cyclosporine, dexamethasone, perfluoroethyloctane eye drops for the treatment of diabetes patients with cataract and interpretation of its internal mechanism (ChiCTR) - P=N/A | N=120 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: The First People's Hospital of Zigong City; The First People's Hospital of Zigong City

New trial • Cataract • Diabetes • Dry Eye Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Ophthalmology

Oxygen vacancy-mediated BiVO4/Bi3O4Br S-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. (PubMed, J Colloid Interface Sci) - "A novel S-scheme heterojunction nanocomposite, BiVO4/Bi3O4Br, was designed and successfully synthesized in this work, which exhibits superior performance in degrading fluoroquinolone antibiotics (gatifloxacin hydrochloride (GAT) and lomefloxacin hydrochloride (LOM)) and tetracycline antibiotics (tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)). Furthermore, the possible degradation routes of GAT were thoroughly explored, and the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of BiVO4/Bi3O4Br was comprehensively elucidated. This study highlights the combined action of S-scheme heterojunctions and OVs in boosting photocatalytic performance, thus providing a fresh perspective for developing OVs-rich S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for wastewater treatment."

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Microbiological Profile of Bacterial and Fungal Corneal Ulcers at a National Institute of Ophthalmology in Perú. (PubMed, Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed)) - "Gram-positive bacteria were the most isolated, with S. epidermidis being the most frequent pathogen, followed by P. aeruginosa. S. epidermidis exhibited alarmingly low susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Epidemiological and Antimicrobial Resistance Trends in Bacterial Keratitis: A Hospital-Based 10-Year Study (2014-2024). (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "The susceptibility to gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, and ciprofloxacin significantly declined in both Gram-positive cocci and bacilli during the COVID-19 period (all p < 0.01). A similar trend was observed in Streptococcus and Corynebacterium, where resistance rose sharply from 12.0% and 22.2% pre-COVID-19 to 42.9% during COVID-19, and remained elevated at 40.0% and 46.4% post-COVID-19, respectively (p < 0.01). These findings emphasize the rapid rise of fluoroquinolone resistance in several bacterial groups, underscoring the urgent need for continuous surveillance and improved antimicrobial stewardship to enhance treatment outcomes."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Novel Coronavirus Disease • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Deciphering the Transformed Bacterial Ocular Surface Microbiome in Diabetic Mice and Its Consequential Influence on Corneal Wound Healing Restoration. (PubMed, Exp Eye Res) - "The corneal epithelium of diabetic mice healed more rapidly after the application of gatifloxacin eye drops. The changes in the ocular surface microbiota of diabetic corneal wounds may be related to delayed healing of the corneal epithelium in diabetic mice, providing a new research target for the investigation of this pathology."

Journal • Preclinical • Infectious Disease • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Preparation of Hybrid Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based on 3-Triethoxysilylpropyl Methacrylic Amide for Solid-Phase Extraction of Gatifloxacin From Lake Water. (PubMed, J Sep Sci) - "The recovery was 96.52 ± 2.69%. The method exhibits the advantageous features of cost-effectiveness and high sensitivity, rendering it a promising approach for analyzing organic pollutants in water."

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Machine learning-assisted ratiometric fluorescence sensor array for recognition of multiple quinolones antibiotics. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "The addition of quinolone antibiotics (QNs) quench the Eu3+ fluorescence signal through the inner filter effect (IFE) and exhibit characteristic peaks, enabling ratio fluorescence detection of levofloxacin (LVLX), gatifloxacin (GTLX), and moxifloxacin (MXLX). The performance of the DT model is evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, with stability and generalizability confirmed by stratified ten-fold cross-validation. This approach demonstrates high sensitivity, selectivity and applicability and provides an effective solution for antibiotic residue detection."

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Computational Studies on Recent Congeners of Fluoroquinolones and Nitroimidazoles for Their Use in Periodontal Therapy. (PubMed, J Pharm Bioallied Sci) - "From the results of the study, it can be observed that gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin have more affinity and interactions with all four targets were analyzed. This study has effectively tested nitroimidazoles and fluoroquinolones comparatively and proposed that fluoroquinolones are more effective for blocking periodontitis."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Infectious Disease • Inflammation • Periodontitis • ER • IL1B