Gatiflox (gatifloxacin) / Orient Europharma - LARVOL DELTA

Spatiotemporal distribution, driving factors, and ecological risks of antibiotics in the wastewater of urban-scale sewers. (PubMed, Water Res) - "Significant positive correlations between the population normalized daily mass loads (PNDLs) of H/VAs (e.g., Gatifloxacin, Nalidixic acid, and Fleroxacin) and those of VAs indicate that certain H/VAs and VAs may be used in livestock production and subsequently transferred to sewers via the food chain. Ecological risk assessment revealed Ofloxacin posed medium risks (0.1 ≤ RQ < 1) in sewers near hospitals. Overall, this study provides key insights into emerging trends of antibiotic occurrence within sewer systems and offers valuable evidence for establishing priority lists in wastewater management."

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Use of Povidone-Iodine Solution for Intraoperative Antisepsis: A Systematic Review. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Keywords used included the following: ("Povidone-iodine" OR "Betadine") AND ("Conjunctiva" OR "Ocular surgery")...These studies compared povidone-iodine 5% to other concentrations or antibiotic agents such as povidone-iodine 1%, chloramphenicol 5%, netilmicin, commercial ozonized antiseptic solution (ozone), moxifloxacin 0.5%, and gatifloxacin...Povidone-iodine remains a highly effective and safe antiseptic agent for intraoperative use in ocular surgery, while a need exists for additional high-quality independently conducted RCTs to confirm the observed effects and expand the evidence base. Its broad antimicrobial spectrum and favorable safety profile support its continued and widespread application for conjunctival antisepsis, outperforming several commonly used alternatives."

Journal • Review • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology

Prevention of Ocular Toxicity Using Protective Contact Lenses in Multiple Myeloma Patients Receiving Belantamab Mafodotin, Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone: A Sub-Study of the Cmrg-007 Trial (ASH 2023) - " Eligibility: > 1 prior lines of therapy (LoT), lenalidomide, proteasome inhibitors exposed, and refractory to the last LoT. Our data suggest that extended dosing intervals may be a significant step forward in mitigating corneal AEs of belamaf. This preliminary report on the efficacy of BCLs in 14 pts demonstrates a decrease in moderate to severe corneal AEs and reduction in dose holds for corneal AEs, noting however a short follow up at this time. The data support the further evaluation of BCLs in preventing belamaf associated ocular toxicities."

Clinical • Hematological Malignancies • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Multiple Myeloma • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Oncology • Ophthalmology

Development, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of gatiserts: HME-based ophthalmic inserts for prolonged ocular delivery of gatifloxacin. (PubMed, Drug Deliv Transl Res) - "Gatiserts exhibited excellent biocompatibility (Draize score: 0) with no ocular irritation. The prolonged drug release, enhanced mucoadhesion, and excellent biocompatibility of Gatiserts suggest their potential for a significantly reduced dosing frequency compared to conventional eye drops, addressing rapid precorneal clearance and improving patient compliance in bacterial conjunctivitis management."

Journal • Preclinical • Conjunctivitis • Inflammatory Arthritis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • MUC1 • MUC4

Facet-dependent gatifloxacin degradation triggered by manganese dioxide: The dominating role of electron transfer. (PubMed, J Hazard Mater) - "Different exposed facet for α-MnO2 was originated from different surface atomic arrangement with 310-α-MnO2 possessing more uncoordinated atoms and weaker Mn-O bond strength. These findings help to gain a deeper understanding of facet-dependent organic contaminants fate mediated by α-MnO2."

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The beneficial effects of bevacizumab on the progression of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a case-control study. (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond)) - "The non-injection group showed improvement only at three months (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0004). The data obtained from this study suggest that intravitreal bevacizumab administration may offer promising effects on the progression of NAION patients, providing a reassuring and confident outlook for the future of NAION treatment."

Journal • Anesthesia • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Optic Neuritis • Pain

Efficacy of Intracameral Moxifloxacin in Prevention of Post-cataract Surgery Endophthalmitis: A Randomized Control Trial. (PubMed, J Cataract Refract Surg) - "Intracameral moxifloxacin is safe and effective in preventing post-cataract surgery acute bacterial endophthalmitis."

Journal • Cataract • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Successful Management of a Rare Keratitis Caused by Mycobacterium Immunogenum After a Series of Misdiagnoses. (PubMed, Eye Contact Lens) - "Previous treatment at other hospitals with oral antivirals, topical corticosteroids, and ganciclovir ointment for presumed herpetic keratitis had failed, with progressive vision decline from 20/20 to 20/50...Initial therapy with topical amikacin proved ineffective and caused significant ocular toxicity, whereas adjunctive oral azithromycin showed no clinical benefit...It is easily misdiagnosed in the early stages, whereas mNGS can aid in pathogen identification. Treatment with 0.3% gatifloxacin eye gel suggests potentially superior efficacy and safety in such condition."

Journal • Keratitis • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology

Gatifloxacin detection in the nanoscale: a review exploring current biosensing technologies and future opportunities. (PubMed, RSC Adv) - "The untapped potential of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) integration for enhanced sensor performance and the glaring lack of clinically validated point-of-care (POC) devices for TDM, particularly those adhering to USFDA Bioanalytical Device guidelines, are identified as critical avenues for future research. This review concludes by outlining the future prospects for developing cutting-edge, nanotechnological biosensors that are sensitive, selective, rapid, and cost-effective, ultimately contributing to better management of gatifloxacin therapy and bolstering global efforts against antimicrobial resistance."

Journal • Review

Comparison of Topical Gatifloxacin and Levofloxacin at Different Durations in Eliminating Conjunctival Bacterial Flora. (PubMed, J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) - "Both drugs were effective in removing gram-positive bacillus at different durations (P < 0.01), but only the levofloxacin treatment for 3 days significantly reduced the positive cultures of gram-positive cocci in the conjunctival sac (P < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that preoperative use of levofloxacin to prevent infection takes at least 2-3 days, and 1 day is a sufficient duration for topical gatifloxacin to significantly reduce conjunctival bacterial flora."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Ocular Infections • Ophthalmology

Topical antibiotics for treating bacterial keratitis: a network meta-analysis. (PubMed, Cochrane Database Syst Rev) - "In our NMA, mostly moderate- to very low-certainty evidence suggests that vancomycin + ceftazidime combination therapy, moxifloxacin monotherapy, and cefazolin + tobramycin combination therapy may be the most effective treatments for BK in terms of corneal healing time, whereas ciprofloxacin monotherapy is the least effective. Given that most evidence was not of high certainty, the results of this NMA should be interpreted with caution, and future research could potentially alter these findings."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Conjunctivitis • Corneal Abrasion • Glaucoma • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Transplantation

First Report of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Canine Dermatological Infections: Unravelling Its Antimicrobial Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence Traits. (PubMed, Antibiotics (Basel)) - "All 15 isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, minocycline, and tigecycline, but resistant to cefpodoxime and aztreonam. Correlation analysis indicated positive associations between several antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. This study underscores the zoonotic potential of S. maltophilia from dogs, advocating for a One Health approach to mitigate infection risks and limit the spread of virulent multidrug resistant pathogens."

Journal • Infectious Disease

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines. (PubMed, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces) - "Upon the addition of ciprofloxacin (CIP) or enrofloxacin (ENR), the fluorescence intensity at 460 nm showed minimal change, while the fluorescence intensity at 580 nm significantly decreased. Additionally, the addition of aureomycin (AC) caused the fluorescence peak at 460 nm to weaken and shift to 525 nm. Thus, this study presents a novel g-CDs-Fe NCs-Zn2+ system for detecting various antibiotics, including CIP, ENR, GAT, TC, OC, and AC, utilizing different fluorescent detection modes."

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Concentration-dependent photoluminescence biomass-derived carbon dots as fluorescent sensors for economical, green, rapid and sensitive detection of gatifloxacin in foods. (PubMed, Food Chem) - "This method was successfully applied to quantify GAT in milk and honey samples, achieving recoveries between 98.0 % and 103.77 %. The B-CQD platform offers considerable potential for sensitive and selective GAT detection and provides valuable insights for food safety monitoring applications."

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Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in tuberculous meningitis: A literature review. (PubMed, Surg Neurol Int) - "The use of INH is beneficial because it has high bactericidal activity. Gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin, which are included in the fluoroquinolone class of drugs, are safe to use even though their CSF penetration is not as good as levofloxacin."

Journal • Review • CNS Disorders • Hepatology • Infectious Disease • Liver Failure • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Label-Free Silver Nanoparticles for Colorimetric Determination of Gatifloxacin. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "The color of AgNPs gradually deepened with increasing gatifloxacin concentration, which could be clearly distinguished with the naked eye at a gatifloxacin concentration of 3.5 μg/mL. The label-free AgNPs detection system holds potential for simple, accurate, and rapid colorimetric detection of gatifloxacin in complex biological samples, offering a new perspective for the fabrication of ratiometric sensor platforms."

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High-efficiency photocatalytic degradation of multiple quinolone antibiotics using a hybrid heterojunction with synergistic doping of boron and bismuth. (PubMed, J Colloid Interface Sci) - "This configuration exhibited exceptional reduction capacity and optimized photogenerated carrier separation and migration efficiency, leading to excellent degradation performance for gatifloxacin ((26.89 ± 1.94) × 10-2 min-1), sparfloxacin ((10.48 ± 2.03) × 10-2 min-1), moxifloxacin ((8.43 ± 1.02) × 10-2 min-1), and gemifloxacin ((4.13 ± 0.13) × 10-2 min-1). The degradation disparities among these quinolone antibiotics were systematically elucidated through analyses of steric hindrance, frontier molecular orbital energies, Mulliken charge distribution, reaction sites, and active species contribution rates. This study offers guidance for the systematic development of heterojunction photocatalysts to address fluoroquinolone pharmaceutical pollutants in aquatic ecosystems."

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Genomic Diversity of the tet(X)-Positive Myroides Species. (PubMed, Microorganisms) - "All of them were MDR to tetracycline, ceftazidime, gentamicin, amikacin, colistin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for tigecycline, florfenicol, and macrolides, but exhibited susceptibility to meropenem (100%), ampicillin-sulbactam (66.7%), and cefotaxime (33.3%). The phylogenetic analysis highlighted interspecies transmission risks, with ISCR2-mediated transposons of tet(X6) and estT-2 across Myroides, Riemerella, Empedobacter, Providencia, Acinetobacter, and Proteus species. These findings illuminate the genomic diversity driving antibiotic resistance in understudied bacterial taxa, with implications for global One Health strategies."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Rapid oxidation of gatifloxacin by ozone/sulfite process: Generation of reactive species and radical-mediated mechanisms. (PubMed, Water Res) - "Besides, using O3/S(IV) process as a pretreatment process can effectively control the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during post-chlorination. The results provide new avenues for designing S(IV)-based AOPs and removing GAT efficiently."

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Structural insight in understanding the impact of mutation at position 88 and 94 of DNA gyrase A of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in developing resistance against delafloxacin. (PubMed, J Biol Phys) - "Based on literature information on drug-resistance related study for DNA gyrase, we generated 4 different mutant models 3ILW_G88A, 3ILW_G88C, 3ILW_D94G, and 3ILW_D94H by inserting two mutations at each position 88 and 94 in DNA gyrase chain A. Antibiotics Clinafloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Sitafloxacin, Prulifloxacin, Besifloxacin, Delafloxacin, Ozenoxacin were docked with 3ILW_wild to understand their stability, binding affinity, and interaction pattern with the wild-type DNA gyrase (3ILW_wild). It is worth noting that mutation at position 94 of DNA gyrase A has a very profound effect as it shows a positive contribution towards increased resistance due to reduced binding affinity with delafloxacin. This study explains the structural changes and mechanism behind the resistance against Delafloxacin, and may also guide the structural changes required in existing Delafloxacin or other antibiotics to develop new therapeutics to overcome the issue of resistance."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Tuberculosis

Research on the Effects of Environmentally Friendly Additives on Mild Steel Electroless Plating. (PubMed, ACS Omega) - "During the plating procedure, green additives such as moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were utilized as stabilizers. The data from the X-ray photoelectron spectral measurement showed that the binding energies 0.020 of the metallic components present in the preventive coatings demonstrated that the inner layer of the coatings contained Sn2 p3/2 and Sn2p accounted for high protection against corrosion resistance by this coatings methodology, and the outer layer of the coatings consisted of Cu3P, Cu2P3/2 O 1s, and O KLL. Electrochemical and quantum mechanical experiments were used to screen the additives' performance."

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Virulence factors and strain similarity of Staphylococcus aureus from a dairy farm demonstrate an increased risk of environmental transmission. (PubMed, Res Vet Sci) - "Genomics and proteomics analyses revealed various virulence factors, encompassing cytolytic toxins, immune evasion mechanisms, extracellular matrix (ECM)-binding proteins, proteases, enterotoxins, and chromosomal point mutations. In addition to virulence factors, this study shows how this bacterium moves around the farm, potentially becoming an environmental pathogen, increasing the risk of transmission and infection for humans and animals."

Journal • Infectious Disease

Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction approach for separation of fluoroquinolones from soil and sediment followed by their chromatographic determination. (PubMed, Talanta) - "Various hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents were investigated for separation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, gatifloxacin, lomefloxacin, and ofloxacin) from soil and sediment. The proposed approach eliminates the need for additional tedious and time-consuming purification by solid-phase extraction. It was successfully applied to real soil and sediment samples, showing no significant matrix interference."

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Defect-rich Co,N-doped Ti3C2Tx/C/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) molecularly imprinted sensor for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of gatifloxacin. (PubMed, Talanta) - "Experimental results indicated that the sensor has a wide linear response range (0.005-50 μM), a low detection limit (2 nM), and test RSD values are all less than 5 % in honey, milk and lake water, and reliable recoveries were achieved in comparison with standard chromatographic methods. Highlight its potential for practical antibiotic monitoring applications."

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Lasiodiplodia keratitis: A case series of 27 patients. (PubMed, Indian J Ophthalmol) - "Medical management with natamycin was effective in treating patients with Lasiodiplodia keratitis. However, advanced cases necessitated surgical intervention for complete resolution."

Journal • Infectious Disease • Keratitis • Mood Disorders • Ocular Infections • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology