metformin/glyburide / Generic mfg. - LARVOL DELTA

How the First 9 Months Shape the Rest of Your Life: The Impact of Gestational Diabetes on the Metabolic Future. (PubMed, Diabetes Obes Metab) - "Metformin and glyburide, despite their convenience and oral administration, remain controversial due to placental transfer and still limited long-term safety data in offspring. Given its increasing prevalence and long-term implications, GDM is both a clinical and public health concern. Early recognition and evidence-based management provide an opportunity to interrupt the intergenerational transmission of metabolic risk and preserve long-term cardiometabolic health."

Journal • Review • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Gestational Diabetes • Immune Modulation • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Unexpected Pemphigus Vulgaris after DPP-4 Inhibitor Therapy: When DPP-4 Inhibition Triggers Pemphigus Vulgaris (ENDO 2026) - "While dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are well-recognized triggers of bullous pemphigoid, their association with PV is exceedingly rare and up to our knowledge three cases have been reported to date (two associated with sitagliptin and one with linagliptin)...She had been treated with metformin and glibenclamide for five years, with sitagliptin 100 mg once daily added two months prior to symptom onset...Adjunctive therapy with cyclosporine and topical tacrolimus was commenced...Clinical improvement in our case following drug cessation supports a possible causal relationship. However, further studies are needed to better elucidate the possible mechanisms linking DPP-4 inhibitors to PV."

Bullous Pemphigoid • Dermatology • Dermatopathology • Diabetes • Immunology • Infectious Disease • Metabolic Disorders • Pemphigus Vulgaris • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • HLA-DQB1

CER-4-T2D: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Four Second Line Pharmacological Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=781430 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jul 2026 ➔ Sep 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 ➔ May 2026

HEOR • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Glyburide and Metformin for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) (clinicaltrials.gov) - P1/2 | N=177 | Completed | Sponsor: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) | Unknown status ➔ Completed | N=360 ➔ 177

Enrollment change • Trial completion • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potential of Curcuma caesia in mitigating oxidative stress and tissue damage in mice with STZ-induced diabetes. (PubMed, Ann Med Surg (Lond)) - "MECC treatment at 350 mg/kg b.w. significantly decreased the FBG levels in diabetic control mice, with effects comparable to standard antihyperglycemic drugs like metformin and glibenclamide. MECC demonstrated potent antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and tissue-protective effects in diabetic mice, suggesting its capability as a treatment option for diabetes management. Further evaluation is needed to investigate its potential clinical uses."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • CAT

Maternal medical conditions part II: Diabetes, asthma, and factor V Leiden studies that changed practice. (PubMed, Semin Perinatol) - "Trials of medical management of diabetes in pregnancy provided the data for glyburide and metformin as compared to insulin. pivoting providers from routine universal screening for FVL mutation. These seminal trials demonstrate that evidence based management in pregnancy is not only feasible, but is essential to ensure the interventions are beneficial."

Journal • Review • Asthma • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Hematological Disorders • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Obstetrics • Pulmonary Disease • Respiratory Diseases • Thrombosis

Antidiabetic and metabolic regulatory effects of Bergenia stracheyi and Rheum spiciforme mixtures via sirtuin modulation in STZ-induced diabetic rats. (PubMed, Pak J Pharm Sci) - "It was concluded that botanical mixture B (50 B.s: 50 R.s) exerted potent antidiabetic effects through glycemic control, lipid regulation, adipokine modulation, and sirtuin activation, supporting its therapeutic potential for T2DM."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • LEP • SIRT1 • SIRT2

Renoprotective effect of polyphenolic-rich extract of Phyllanthus niruri in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy via moderation of oxidative stress and inhibition of kidney injury. (PubMed, J Mol Histol) - "Experimental groups included normal control, diabetic untreated, as well as diabetic groups managed with 5/500 mg/kg bw glibenclamide/metformin and diabetic groups each treated with 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg/kg bw PEPN. In addition, PEPN therapy in diabetic rats with PEPN significantly (p < 0.05) diminished mRNA levels of kidney injury marker 1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the kidney when compared to untreated diabetic rats. Therefore, it could be concluded that PEPN could confer renoprotection in diabetic rats by enhancing the antioxidant system and suppression of kidney injury marker genes."

Biomarker • Journal • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • CAT • LCN2

CER-4-T2D: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Four Second Line Pharmacological Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=781430 | Active, not recruiting | Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 ➔ Jul 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 ➔ Jan 2026

HEOR • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

MicroRNAs modulated by DPP-4 inhibitor and bedtime NPH insulin therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. (PubMed, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) - "To evaluate the effects of bedtime NPH insulin and sitagliptin on serum miRNA expression in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), thirty-two patients with T2D inadequately controlled with metformin and glyburide were randomly assigned to an additional 6-month treatment with either bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin. Sitagliptin and bedtime NPH insulin induced metabolic improvement and distinct modulation of circulating miRNAs, with sitagliptin influencing a broader spectrum of miRNA expression. The upregulated miRNAs are involved in pathways related to insulin signaling, inflammation, and cellular homeostasis and support the hypothesis that sitagliptin exerts pleiotropic effects beyond glycemic control."

Clinical • Journal • Atherosclerosis • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • MicroRNA 30c • MIR193B • MIR27A • MIR320A • MIR660

Virtual Bioequivalence Assessment and Dissolution Safe Space Exploration for Fixed-Dose Metformin-Glyburide Tablet Using Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling. (PubMed, Pharmaceutics) - "The dissolution safe space for the FDC was defined as the concurrent achievement of ≥ 50% dissolution within 25 min for metformin and between 35 and 170 min for glyburide, which constituted equivalent specification. The PBBM developed in this study systematically evaluated the VBE of metformin-glyburide FDC, optimized the acceptance criteria for traditional in vitro dissolution testing, and thereby explored its clinically relevant quality specification."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders

Efficacy of glyburide vs. metformin in preventing neonatal birth obesity in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed, Front Pediatr) - "Given these concerns, a comprehensive evaluation of treatment options, including glyburide and metformin, compared to insulin, is essential to guide clinical practice. Consistent with these findings, glyburide was associated with an increase in infant birth weight, while metformin was associated with a decrease. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized treatment strategies for GDM management."

Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Gestational Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity

A safety review of approved oral agents for treating type 2 diabetes and associated diseases in pregnant patients. (PubMed, Expert Opin Drug Saf) - "Insulin is the first-line therapy; however, adherence barriers, cost, and route of administration challenges have driven interest in oral agents like metformin and glyburide. Both agents hold promise as alternatives to insulin, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, further research is needed to address knowledge gaps, optimize their use, and ensure safe integration into clinical practice."

Adverse events • Journal • Review • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Gestational Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bedtime NPH Insulin and DPP-4 Enzyme Inhibitor (sitagliptin) Increase Cholesterol Removal from Macrophages (ADA 2025) - "We evaluated the effect of treatment with bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin on cholesterol efflux from patients with T2DM. Thirty-two patients with T2DM, inadequately controlled with metformin and glibenclamide were randomly assigned to 6-month complementary treatment with bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin. six-month treatment with NPH insulin or sitagliptin increased the capacity of apoB-depleted serum to mediate the removal of cholesterol from macrophages, which may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in DM. Supported by FAPESP, FMUSP, CNPq"

Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • APOB

Bedtime NPH Insulin Reduced the Expression of Serum miRNAs Related to Insulin Resistance in Comparison to DPP-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin in Patients with T2DM (ADA 2025) - "We evaluated the effect of treatment with bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin on serum miRNAs expression of patients with T2D Thirty-two patents with T2D inadequately controlled with metformin and glibenclamide were randomly assigned to 6-month complementary treatment with bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin. 6-month treatment with NPH insulin or sitagliptin improved glycemic control. NPH insulin determined lower values ​​of miRNAs related to insulin resistance"

Clinical • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • MIR27A • MIR660

Glucometer ownership and plasma glucose monitoring practices among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral antihyperglycaemic therapy in Gulu, Uganda. (PubMed, Medicine (Baltimore)) - "Treatment included a combination of glibenclamide and metformin for 132 (70.6%) participants. The predominant reliance on clinic-based measurements and the high prevalence of self-reported complications, especially hypertension, underscore the need for targeted interventions to encourage regular home monitoring and enhance overall glycemic control. The observed association between tertiary education and improved glucose monitoring practices suggests that educational initiatives could be pivotal in fostering positive health outcomes in this population."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hypertension • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Oral Glucose-Lowering Agents vs Insulin for Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (PubMed, JAMA) - "Metformin and glyburide monotherapy are used as alternatives to insulin in managing gestational diabetes. Treatment of gestational diabetes with metformin and additional glyburide, if needed, did not meet criteria for noninferiority compared with insulin with respect to the proportion of infants born large for gestational age. Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NTR6134."

Clinical • Journal • Cardiovascular • Critical care • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Gynecology • Hepatology • Hypertension • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders

Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for gestational diabetes: a systematic review comparing metformin with glibenclamide and insulin. (PubMed, Diabetes Metab) - "Metformin appears to be a promising alternative to insulin for treating gestational diabetes, while uncertainties remain regarding the safety of glibenclamide."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Critical care • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Gynecology • Hypertension • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders

Risk of Suicide, Hair Loss, and Aspiration with Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study from the FAERS database (AHA 2024) - "GLP1-RAs were the most reported class with hair loss [ROR= 0.605 (95% CI 0.6 - 0.64)], and semaglutide, liraglutide, and dulaglutide were the three leading medications. GLP1-RAs ranked lower with aspiration events, which were led by sitagliptin and DPP4i as a group. GLP1-RAs exhibit higher reporting of suicide, hair loss, and aspiration events when compared to several other antidiabetic medications, despite not meeting the criteria for positive signals yet. This warrants intensive monitoring and reporting."

Adverse events • Clinical • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Alopecia • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Comparison Between Metformin and Glyburide in the Management of Gestational Diabetes (clinicaltrials.gov) - P=N/A | N=180 | Not yet recruiting | Sponsor: Assiut University

New trial • Diabetes • Gestational Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Impact of hospital-community diabetes management intervention in Central Region, Ghana: A retrospective study. (PubMed, Diabetes Res Clin Pract) - "The intervention achieved significant reduction in blood glucose levels. Patients with diabetes benefit from the hospital-community link diabetes management intervention regarding glycaemic control."

Journal • Retrospective data • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders

Assessment of subclinical left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under follow-up at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Ethiopia: a case-control study. (PubMed, BMC Cardiovasc Disord) - "Left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction were significantly more prevalent among diabetic patients than their sex- and age-matched controls in our study. We recommend early screening for subclinical left ventricular dysfunction, especially in the elderly and in those with chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and microvascular complications such as neuropathy."

Journal • Cardiovascular • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Heart Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Pain • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Novel Activity of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents Linked with Decreased Formation of Tryptophan Metabolite, Kynurenic Acid. (PubMed, Life (Basel)) - "Here, the effects of metformin and glibenclamide on the brain synthesis of kynurenic acid were evaluated. The reduced availability of kynurenic acid may be regarded as an unwanted effect, possibly alleviating the neuroprotective action of oral hypoglycemic agents. On the other hand, considering that both compounds ameliorate the cognitive deficits in animal and human studies and that high brain kynurenic acid may hamper learning and memory, its diminished synthesis may improve cognition."

Journal • Cardiovascular • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders • Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Psychiatry

A Comprehensive Review of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Impacts on Maternal Health, Fetal Development, Childhood Outcomes, and Long-Term Treatment Strategies. (PubMed, Cureus) - "Although new oral medications for diabetes management, such as glyburide and metformin, show potential, there are ongoing worries regarding their safety over an extended period for both the mother and the child. By identifying gaps in the research, it calls for further investigations and a multidisciplinary approach, ultimately aiming to enhance the management and care for women with GDM, which would impact these affected individuals indubitably."

Journal • Review • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Gestational Diabetes • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Obesity • Obstetrics • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Induced By Vildagliptin – Case Report (WCD 2023) - "Her past medical history was positive for Hypertension treated with Enalarpil for the last 6 years, and Diabetes Mellitus treated with Metformin and Glibenclamide since 4 years ago, but 11 days prior the initial symptoms, she was changed to oral tablets of Vildagliptin 50mg. KEY MESSAGE: Pluripotential effects from DPP – 4 inhibitors have been described, as modifiers of immune response, antigenic effects in the basal membrane zone, eosinophilic activation in dermis and activation of CD26 receptor. A closer watch of cutaneous side effects of this drug is recommended"

Clinical • Allergy • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Hematological Disorders • Hypertension • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Vasculitis • DPP4