Zanosar (streptozocin) / Teva - LARVOL DELTA

Insulin Deficiency Exacerbates Muscle Atrophy and Osteopenia in Chrebp Knockout Mice. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci) - "Therefore, insulin and glucose signals are important for maintaining muscle and bone mass and function. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which ChREBP deletion and insulin deficiency cause osteosarcopenia."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Muscular Atrophy • Osteoporosis • Rheumatology • Sarcopenia • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • IGF1

CD38 knockout attenuates type 2 diabetic renal injury by downregulating p53 and Bax via the ERK/JNK signaling pathway. (PubMed, Mol Immunol) - "CD38 deletion regulated body weight and fasting blood glucose, improved renal histopathological injury and apoptosis by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway; CD38 deficiency alleviates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting MAPK/p53-mediated apoptosis, highlighting its role as a potential therapeutic target."

IO biomarker • Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Glomerulonephritis • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Calculi • Renal Disease • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • BAX • BCL2

Efficacy and Safety of Non-Surgical Treatments for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (PubMed, Pharmaceuticals (Basel)) - "Targeted therapies showed modest objective response rates (ORRs) but high disease control rates (DCRs): everolimus (ORR 7%, 95% CI: 3-10%; DCR 81%, 95% CI: 75-87%), sunitinib (ORR 12%, 95% CI: 5-19%; DCR 79%, 95% CI: 70-88%), surufatinib (ORR 19%, 95% CI: 12-27%; DCR 81%, 95% CI: 73-89%). Cytotoxic chemotherapy demonstrated higher ORRs: dacarbazine-based (32%, 95% CI: 21-43%), streptozocin-based (40%, 95% CI: 25-54%), temozolomide-based (42%, 95% CI: 29-55%). PRRT showed varying efficacy: 177Lu-DOTATATE (ORR 36%, 95% CI: 27-44%; DCR 84%, 95% CI: 76-92%), 90Y-DOTATOC (ORR 27%, 95% CI: 18-36%; DCR 73%, 95% CI: 63-83%)...Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab showed limited efficacy (ORR 7%, 95% CI: 0-14%)...PRRT also shows robust antitumor activity and disease control, while SSAs and targeted therapies are effective treatment options for disease stabilization. Immunotherapy demonstrated limited antitumor activity, and further research is needed to establish its role in pNET..."

Clinical • Journal • Retrospective data • Review • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Oncology • Pancreatic Cancer • Solid Tumor

Defective autophagy and AMPK inactivation drive ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease. (PubMed, Diabetologia) - "These findings demonstrate that impaired autophagy and inactivated AMPK heighten susceptibility to ferroptosis in DKD, suggesting that therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy and AMPK activation may reduce ferroptosis-associated kidney injury in individuals with diabetes."

Journal • Acute Kidney Injury • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Reperfusion Injury • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • AMPK • ATG5 • SQSTM1

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exacerbates Brain Injury After Status Epilepticus in Rats. (PubMed, Brain Sci) - "Our findings suggest that T2DM is associated with greater seizure severity and increased brain injury following SE."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • Vascular Neurology

Promotion of Bone Remodeling in Diabetic Periodontitis by Blocking Plasma Exosomal miR-375-3p. (PubMed, Oral Dis) - "This research disclosed the remote regulatory role of plasma exosomal miR-375-3p in diabetic periodontitis, which partially contributes to the mechanism of diabetic periodontitis development. The miR-375-3p antagomir-loading MOF nanoparticles demonstrated acceptable biological properties and therapeutic capacity."

Journal • Dental Disorders • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Periodontitis • MIR375

Triptolide impedes high glucose-induced cell function in HK2 cells through PRKN-mediated ubiquitination of ACSL1. (PubMed, J Endocrinol) - "DN in mice was established by high-fat diet and streptozocin injection...TP could ameliorate kidney injury in DN mice through modulating PRKN, ACSL1, and NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. All these discoveries suggested that TP protected HK2 cells from HG-triggered kidney injury through upregulating PRKN that further promoted ubiquitination of ACSL1."

Journal • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Inflammation • Nephrology • Renal Disease • Targeted Protein Degradation • ACSL1 • GPX4 • PRKN • SLC7A11

Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Facilitates Longitudinal Changes In Gray And White Matter Microstructure, And Increased Susceptibility To Status Epilepticus In Rats (AES 2025) - "Finally, all the animals received 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MP) every 12 h for 5 days to induce recurrent generalized seizures, followed by a crossed protocol with phenytoin for 4 days to assess pharmacorresistance. This induction was considered indicative of high seizure severity, potentially attributable in part to hippocampal alterations (neuronal loss, gliosis) and reduced fractional anisotropy in specific brain regions, likely reflecting axonal degeneration."

Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Diabetes • Epilepsy • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Evaluation of Emetogenic Mechanisms of Antineoplastic Drugs on 5-HT3A Receptor Using a Structure-Based Computational Approach. (PubMed, J Clin Pract Res) - "Frequently used chemotherapeutic agents (azacitidine, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, doxorubicin, lomustine, melphalan, and streptozocin) and standard antiemetics were analyzed in experimental groups, with serotonin used as a control in the computational study. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are known to result indirectly from serotonin released by damaged intestinal cells in response to the toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs. However, this study remarkably proposes an alternative mechanism for CINV and presents the first evidence of a direct interaction between certain antineoplastic drugs and the serotonin receptor."

Journal • Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting • Oncology

Comparative analysis of streptozocin-based regimen and capecitabine-temozolomide therapy in advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: influence of tumor grade and Ki-67 index. (PubMed, Ther Adv Med Oncol) - "STZ-based regimen was more beneficial in NET-G1/G2 patients, suggesting Ki-67 index and tumor grade may serve as indicators for treatment selection. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings."

Journal • Endocrine Cancer • Nephrology • Neuroendocrine Carcinoma • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Oncology • Pancreatic Cancer • Renal Disease • Solid Tumor

Mitotane, etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin combination treatment in patients with advanced adrenocortical carcinoma: A real-world retrospective analysis of Korean patients (EMUC 2025) - "While M-EDP (mitotane, etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) showed better outcomes over mitotane plus streptozocin in phase III trial, data on its efficacy and tolerability in Asian populations remain limited. These findings provide valuable real-world evidence for advanced ACC management in Asian populations and reinforce the clinical applicability of M-EDP in this challenging malignancy. This abstract was edited with the assistance of AI technology (ChatGPT) to improve language clarity."

Metastases • Real-world • Real-world evidence • Retrospective data • Genito-urinary Cancer • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Recurrent hypoglycaemia promotes cardiomyopathy and cardiac vulnerability in a rodent model of type 1 diabetes. (PubMed, Diabetologia) - "These findings provide the first in vivo evidence that recurrent hypoglycaemia synergises with hyperglycaemia to accelerate microvascular dysfunction and adverse cardiac remodelling in type 1 diabetes. This work identifies a novel mechanistic link between hypoglycaemia and diabetic heart disease, underscoring the need for therapeutic strategies that mitigate glycaemic variability without increasing the hypoglycaemic burden."

Journal • Preclinical • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiovascular • Diabetes • Heart Failure • Hypoglycemia • Metabolic Disorders • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Peptide hormone spexin restores beta cell function and improves glycaemic control in mice via regulation of the sodium-potassium pump. (PubMed, Diabetologia) - "Our study highlights that spexin is a stimulatory factor for beta cell function and proliferation, and suggests that spexin is a diabetes therapeutic target for beta cell intervention."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • ATP1A1

SETD7 exacerbates diabetic nephropathy through activating A2B receptor-JAK2/STAT3 pathway. (PubMed, Cell Biosci) - "Our results demonstrate an important role and mechanism of SETD7 in DN by promoting fibrosis and inflammation through the A2BR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Targeting SETD7 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for halting the progression of DN."

Journal • Chronic Kidney Disease • Diabetes • Diabetic Nephropathy • Fibrosis • Immunology • Inflammation • Nephrology • Renal Disease • SETD7

Incidental Detection of Low-Grade Rectal Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma During Immunotherapy for Metastatic Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma (ACG 2025) - "She underwent 8 cycles of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and durvalumab, followed by maintenance durvalumab, achieving a partial metabolic response with ECOG 1 status.In 4/2025, surveillance PET/CT showed new rectal FDG uptake...Therapeutic options include FOLFOX, FLOT, S1 with cisplatin, XELOX, EP, IP, and streptozocin. This case emphasizes the need for diagnostic vigilance during surveillance in metastatic cancer patients."

IO biomarker • Metastases • Colorectal Cancer • Endocrine Cancer • Gallbladder Cancer • Neuroendocrine Carcinoma • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Oncology • Solid Tumor • CDKN2A • CDKN2B • HER-2 • TP53

Endothelial βII Spectrin Deletion Exacerbates Inflammation and Impairs Tissue Regeneration in Ischemic-Diabetic Skin Wound Healing. (PubMed, Wound Repair Regen) - "To test this, we created Sptbn1 endothelial-specific conditional knockout (Sptbn1ECKO) mice and used the well-established streptozocin-induced diabetic excisional dorsal wound model...Additionally, Sptbn1ECKO wounds had significantly less granulation tissue and fewer fibroblasts in the regenerative phase. Collectively, these findings suggest that βII spectrin in endothelial cells is a potential therapeutic target in chronic diabetic wound healing."

Journal • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • SMAD3 • TGFB1

Study on the Mechanism of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Ameliorating Glucose Metabolism Through Attenuation of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice with Type 1 Diabetes. (PubMed, Biology (Basel)) - "This study involves forty male C57BL/6 mice randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (NC), streptozocin (STZ)-induced T1DM mice (T1D), T1DM mice treated with LIPUS (DL), and T1DM mice treated with insulin (DI)...The results indicated that LIPUS reduces blood glucose levels in T1DM mice by improving their muscle atrophy. This study demonstrated that LIPUS will become a novel therapy for the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy caused by T1DM."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Metabolic Disorders • Muscular Atrophy • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Assessment of Dillenia indica L's potential: anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. (PubMed, 3 Biotech) - "Fruit extract enhanced antioxidant activity by increasing SOD, CAT, and GPx activities. These findings demonstrate the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant effects of D. indica, which supports its potential use in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Hepatology • Liver Failure • Metabolic Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Gut microbiota and targeted metabolomics of short-chain fatty acid reveals Qing-Re-Zao-Shi-Jian-Pi prescription on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice. (PubMed, Front Nutr) - "The T2D mouse model was constructed using combination of high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of Streptozocin...Our research showed that the QRZSF can correct the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism, reduce the level of proinflammatory factors, improve IR and pancreatic tissue damage, regulate the diversity of gut microbiota, increase the content of butyrate in SCFAs, and then effectively prevent and delay the occurrence and development of diabetes. The study provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of T2D with traditional Chinese medicine."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Dyslipidemia • Metabolic Disorders • Oncology • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

Gestational diabetes mellitus induces 5-HT system dysfunction and exacerbates an ASD-like phenotype in male offspring by inhibiting the Ahi1/B9D1/Shh axis. (PubMed, Brain Behav Immun) - "In this study, a GDM model was established in mice by feeding them a high fat diet (HFD) and administering an intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ)...Based on these findings, the inhibitory effects of meptazinol on GDM-induced ASD-like behaviors could be attributed to the involvement of 5-HT system dysfunction mediated by the Ahi1/B9D1/Shh axis. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism by which neuroinflammation associated with GDM causes ASD pathogenesis and may pave the way for the development of a new therapeutic strategies for ASD."

Journal • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Diabetes • Genetic Disorders • Gestational Diabetes • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • IL1B • IL6 • TNFA

Promoting of Biomechanics' Properties Incisional Wound Repair by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation. (PubMed, World J Plast Surg) - "The Cells group had a higher energy absorption than the Bending stiffness and Maximal Force Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) group on day 14 as a result of decreased Bending stiffness and Maximal Force Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS). According on result of recent study, Stem cells can improve the healing of diabetic incision wounds."

Journal • Diabetes • Fibrosis • Immunology • Metabolic Disorders • Transplantation

Multicenter Retrospective Study of Efficacy of Systemic Therapy in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade 3 (JOSC-2001). (PubMed, Neuroendocrinology) - "Although no significant difference in PFS or OS was found among the chemotherapy regimens for NET G3, RR was notably higher for NET-based cytotoxic chemotherapy than for NEC-based treatment."

Journal • Retrospective data • Neuroendocrine Tumor • Oncology • Solid Tumor

Multimodal topical gel combining 2-hydroxyflavanone, gabapentin, and ketamine alleviates diabetic vulvodynia and allodynia with concurrent tissue regeneration in streptozocin-induced rat models. (PubMed, Biomater Adv) - "The multimodal gel demonstrated significant regenerative efficacy by reducing atrophy, desquamation, and hyperkeratosis, effectively restoring vulvar tissue integrity in diabetic animals. Our MMG-10 %) could be potentially an effective therapeutic remedy for the relief against diabetes-induced vulvodynia and allodynia."

Journal • Preclinical • Diabetes • Diabetic Neuropathy • Metabolic Disorders • Neuralgia • Pain • Women's Health

Neuroprotective effects of ivermectin on Alzheimer's model induced by streptozotocin in rats. (PubMed, Neurodegener Dis Manag) - "The present study was conducted to determine the protective effects of ivermectin in a streptozocin-induced Alzheimer's model in rats...Ivermectin administration also reduced serum (p < 0.0001) and brain tissue (p < 0.01) acetylcholinesterase activity as well as improved learning (p < 0.05) and spatial memory (p < 0.0001). Ivermectin demonstrates protective effects in the STZ-induced Alzheimer's model by reducing pathological changes and Aβ plaques, acetylcholinesterase activity, as well as improving memory and learning."

Journal • Preclinical • Alzheimer's Disease • CNS Disorders • Cognitive Disorders

Scavenging acrolein with 2-HDP preserves neurovascular integrity in a rat model of diabetic retinal disease. (PubMed, Diabetologia) - "2-HDP protects against retinal NVU dysfunction in diabetic rats by reducing FDP-Lys accumulation, preserving neuroretinal function and preventing microvascular damage, independent of glycaemic control. These results, combined with evidence from human diabetic retinas and molecular dynamics simulations, support 2-HDP's potential as a promising therapeutic agent for DRD, warranting further preclinical and clinical investigation."

Journal • Preclinical • CNS Disorders • Inflammation • Metabolic Disorders • Ocular Inflammation • Ophthalmology • Retinal Disorders • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus • SYP